1,683 research outputs found
Challenging heroic masculinity: leadership myths of nineteenth century King Shaka Zulu
No full textThe Zulu of southern African have long been held as a particularly strong example of African patriarchy. Over almost two hundred years, king Shaka Zulu (b. 1787, d. 1828), has been credited with founding the great Zulu state, and he has often been described as a brilliant leader, warrior and military strategist conquering all in his path − the ‘black Napoleon’. Popular history books abound with ‘facts’ of Shaka’s life. Two books have been published in recent years that translate so called leadership secrets of king Shaka to modern leadership and management practice. Leadership lessons from Emperor Shaka Zulu the Great by Phinda Madi (2000), and Lessons on Leadership by Terror: Finding Shaka Zulu in the Attic by Manfred Kets de Vries (2004). On the basis of lessons learned from Shaka, or aspects of his psychology, Madi manages to produce 10 leadership lessons including ‘leading the charge’, while Kets de Vries provides 15 lessons. Not only is much of what is
written about Shaka based on myth, but also totally ignores the leadership role of chiefly women. It is curious that these myths of Shaka still hold so strongly despite research findings to the contrary. Leadership by women was an intrinsic part of several pre-colonial systems in southern Africa, and Shaka did not rule alone. This is all very far removed from any lessons on modern management and leadership to be learned from king Shaka. Many of the points in this paper in relation to women have raised in previously published work (Weir 2006), but it is worth repeating in an effort to go some way towards limiting the impact and reproduction of Shaka myths in the modern leadership studies, and because the role of women has been left out. There’s enough evidence to show that the long enduring picture of Shaka Zulu presented by Kets de Vries, and many before him, is questionable
Ruth McEnery Stuart
No full textSubject: Formal portrait of Arkansas author Ruth McEnery Stuart. Gift of Ethel C. Simpson. 1. Stuart, Ruth McEnery. I. Simpson, Ethel C., donor
Redemption in the work of Francis Stuart
No full textThe idea of redemption is central to an understanding of the work
of Francis Stuart. Through an examination of its development and
expression, it is possible to demonstrate the integrity of his work and
its distinctive qualities. Such a demonstration is necessary because
Stuart's writing has been subjected to comparatively little scholarly
inquiry, although reviews of his work, especially that produced since
1949, suggest that it is impressive and important.
First, a general background to Stuart's work, a discussion of the
special problems associated with reading it, and a summary of his corpus
is provided. This indicates that the idea of redemption is important to
his earliest writing. The state of redemption is shown to be a
necessary apotheosis for Stuart's outcast heroes; it involves spiritual
suffering through which may be found a sense of reintegration and a
higher reality. This is expressed through interrelated themes such as
those of gambler, artist and ordinary man; mystic and criminal; sacred
and profane love; and spirituality and the mundane. The nature of the
redemptive experience is further elaborated by distinctive, complex
motifs, especially the hare, the ark and the woman-Christ. Their
recurrence provides an important element in the unity of Stuart's work.
Because Stuart's idea of the outcast raises important biographical
questions, an examination of the relationship between Stuart's life and
his work is made. Finally, the way in which the idea of redemption
exists in the language structures of Stuart's novels is examined, with
especial reference to his most recent work, The High Consistory. The
thesis shows that the development of the these of redemption
demonstrates the integrity of Stuart's work
John Stuart Mill’s projected science of society: 1827-1848
No full textThe purpose of the thesis is to examine John Stuart Mill’s political thought from
about 1827 to 1848 as an exercise in intellectual history. It focuses, first, on Mill’s view,
formulated by the late 1830s, that contemporary society was ‘civilized’, and second, on
his project of a science of society, which he aspired to develop in the late 1830s and
early 1840s.
By the late 1830s, Mill came to the view that his contemporary society was a
‘commercial society or civilization’, dominated by the middle, commercial class. The
first part of my thesis, constituted by Chapters 2-4, discusses the way in which Mill
formed his notion of civilization, and what he meant by the term ‘civilization’. Mill paid
attention to the implications of the rise of the middle class, and regarded such
phenomena of contemporary society as the corruption of the commercial spirit and
excessive social conformity as an inevitable consequence of the rise of the middle class.
The second part of the thesis, constituted by Chapters 5-9, examines Mill’s
projected science of society. In the late 1830s and early 1840s, Mill attempted to
develop a new science of society whose subject-matter was the nature and prospects of
commercial, civilized society. This aspiration culminated in A System of Logic,
published in 1843. In examining Mill’s projected science, I pay particular attention to
the fact that he conceived new sciences of history and of the formation of character,
both of which were indispensable in his project, although he failed to give a complete
account of these sciences. My thesis shows that the implications of his interest both in
history and in the formation of character are more significant than Mill scholars have
assumed
Monitoring the Lion’s Weir Fishway Hotham River, Western Australia
No full textThis report has two major components:
PART I Fish fauna of the Hotham River (including the impact of the Lion’s Weir on fish migration) Part I of the study was conducted prior to the construction of the Lion’s Weir Fishway and reports on the fish fauna of 22 sites in the Hotham and Williams River catchments and the impact of the Lion’s Weir on fish migrations. Salinisation of the catchment and species salinity tolerances were found to be the main determinant of fish distributions.
PART II Fish utilisation of the Lion’s Weir Fishway Part II provides data on fish utilisation of the Lion’s Weir Fishway between late July and November 2003
After neo-liberalism: Republican democracy in new times
No full textThe financial crisis and resulting recession could mark the end of a political era defined by the dominance of 'neo-liberal' ideas. Stuart White asks: what will the new era look like? And what will be its agenda? Copyright (c) 2009 The Author. Journal compilation (c) 2009 ippr.
Corrigendum: Pneumococcal vaccine impacts on the population genomics of non-typeable haemophilus influenzae: (Microbial Genomics 2021; 9, 10.1099/mgen.0.000209)
No full textThere was a change in the author names in the published article. The new list should read: David W. Cleary1,2, Vanessa T. Devine3, Denise E. Morris1, Karen L. Osman1, Rebecca A. Gladstone4, Stephen D. Bentley4, Saul N. Faust1,5, Stuart C. Clarke1,2,6 1Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. 2NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton Foundation NHS Trust, Southampton, UK. 3Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine and Clinical Translational Research Innovation Centre, Londonderry, UK. 4Pathogen Genomics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, UK. 5NIHR Southampton Clinical Research Facility, University Hospital Southampton Foundation NHS Trust, Southampton, UK. 6Global Health Research Institute, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.</p
Social Behavior and Meningococcal Carriage in British Teenagers
No full textUnderstanding predisposing factors for meningococcal carriage may identify targets for public health interventions. Before mass vaccination with meningococcal group C conjugate vaccine began in autumn 1999, we took pharyngeal swabs from ?14,000 UK teenagers and collected information on potential risk factors. Neisseria meningitidis was cultured from 2,319 (16.7%) of 13,919 swabs. In multivariable analysis, attendance at pubs/clubs, intimate kissing, and cigarette smoking were each independently and strongly associated with increased risk for meningococcal carriage (p<0.001). Carriage in those with none of these risk factors was 7.8%, compared to 32.8% in those with all 3. Passive smoking was also linked to higher risk for carriage, but age, sex, social deprivation, home crowding, or school characteristics had little or no effect. Social behavior, rather than age or sex, can explain the higher frequency of meningococcal carriage among teenagers. A ban on smoking in public places may reduce risk for transmission
The impact and effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination in Scotland for those aged 65 and over during winter 2003/2004
No full textBackground: For winter 2003/2004 in Scotland, it was recommended that all those aged 65 and over be eligible to receive 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (23vPPV), which has been shown to be effective in reducing the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). We assessed the success of the vaccination programme by examining the age specific incidence rates of IPD compared to four previous winter seasons and estimating vaccination effectiveness.Methods: Winter season incidence rates of IPD for vaccine targeted (65 years and over) and non-targeted (0–4, 5–34, 35–49,50–64) age bands were examined for the Scottish population in a retrospective cohort design for winter 2003/2004. Details of all IPD cases were obtained from the central reference laboratory and population vaccine uptake information was estimated from a GP sentinel practice network. Based on the preceding four winter seasons, standardised incidence ratios (SIR) for invasivepneumococcal disease were determined by age-band and sex during winter 2003/2004. Vaccination effectiveness (VE) wasestimated using both screening and indirect cohort methods. Numbers needed to vaccinate were derived from VE results using equivalent annual incidence estimates for winter 2003/2004.Results: Overall vaccination effectiveness using the screening method (adjusted for age and sex) in those aged 65 and over was 61.7% (95%CI: 45.1, 73.2) which corresponded to a number needed to vaccinate of 5206 (95%CI: 4388, 7122) per IPD case prevented. Estimated effectiveness for the same age group using the indirect cohort method was not significant at 51% (95%CI:-278, 94). Reductions in the winter season incidence rate of IPD were highly significant for all those aged 75+: males SIR = 58.8(95%CI: 41.6, 80.8); females SIR = 70.0 (95%CI: 55.1, 87.8). In the 65–74 years age-group, the reduction for females was significant: SIR = 60.3 (95%CI: 39.3, 88.4), but not for males: SIR = 74.8 (95%CI: 50.8, 106.3). There was no significant protective effect on mortality.Conclusion: The introduction of 23vPPV for those aged 65 and over in Scotland during winter 2003/2004, was accompaniedwith a reduction of around one third in the incidence of IPD in this age group. Vaccination effectiveness estimates were comparable with those from other developed countries
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