1,721,012 research outputs found
Investing in Knowledge: On the Trade-Off between R&D, ICT, Skills and Migration
Full text linkThis paper deals with the complementarity between skills and knowledge by investigating particularly tacit knowledge flows between countries and regions. The main findings are threefold. First, there seems to exist a trade-off between acquiring knowledge through performing and putting effort in R&D and through investing into access to the public knowledge basin. Secondly, migration of high-skilled labour from South to North appears, as a result of the introduction and rapid evolution of ICT, no longer a dominant trend. Finally, the observed trade-off goes hand in hand with the accumulation and formation of tacit knowledge.research and development ;
Insights in the Job, Skill and Wage Structure of the Netherlands: 1986-98
Full text linkThe increase in the supply of relatively high-skilled workers since the 1960''s, recently accompanied by rapid technical change as a result of the introduction of new ICT’s, has increased the demand for high-skilled labour dramatically. In many countries this has led to a dramatic increase in the skilled workers wage premium. However, in the Netherlands wage dispersion is hardly observed. This paper shows why wages have been relatively stable in the Netherlands. Empirical analysis of a unique data set reveals that the increase in the demand for skills has been captured by a more efficient assignment of workers to jobs, not by increasing wage premiums.labour economics ;
Eddy Lee, Marco Vivarelli (Eds.), Understanding Globalization, Employment and Poverty Reduction.
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The Diffusion of Computers and the Distribution of Wages
Full text linkAbstractThis paper models the impact of the diffusion of computers on the wage structure, startingfrom the observation that computer use increases individual productivity, but also the supplyof goods. This latter effect negatively affects workers producing similar goods. If theproductivity gain is proportional, and the costs of a computer are equal for everyone, workerswith high wages are the first to adopt, leading to within-group wage inequality. Distinguishingskilled and unskilled workers we show that between-group wage inequality falls when the firstskilled workers adopt computers. When unskilled workers start to use computers, between-groupwage inequality increases strongly because of the increased supply of unskilled labor interms of efficiency units. The maximum level of wage inequality depends mainly onparameters regarding the distribution of the productivity of workers within and betweengroups: A large initial level of wage inequality leads to a large short term relative increase inwage inequality. In the long run, when all workers have adopted computers, both within-groupand between-group wage inequality fall to a level depending on differences in productivitygains from using computers. Empirically it is shown that the model is consistent with thepattern of wage inequality in the United States in the period 1963-2000. The current pattern ismainly determined by the short term determinants of wage inequality, making the long runimplications difficult to identify and predict.economics of technology ;
De computer, upgrading en het verschuivende belang van vaardigheden in elf Europese landen.
Full text linkDo Older Workers Have More Trouble Using a Computer Than Younger Workers?
Full text linkTechnological change is often perceived to harm the position of the incumbent workforce compared to new entrants. Particularly the labor-market position of older workers, who are thought to have lower abilities or incentives to acquire new skills, might be deteriorated by the arrival of new technologies. Computers are a major example of such a new technology. A lack of skills might hamper computerization of the jobs of older workers and decrease the value of their existing skills. Several authors have shown however that the age pattern of computer use does not seem to fit in this view and argued that the relationship between age, computer use and skills is more complex. This paper examines the computer use of older workers from the perspective that the availability of skills is not the only factor relevant for the decision to invest in computers. Using British data, estimates are presented showing that computer use does not depend on age when taking into account wage costs and the tasks to be performed at work. It does turn out that older workers embody less computer skills than younger workers, but the main distinction lies between the 20-29 year old workers and the others. Investigating the value of computer skills reveals that these skills do not seem to yield labor-market returns and the relative lack of computer skills is unlikely to negatively affect the wages of older workers. Hence, the analysis does not find support for the concern about older workers not being able to cope with computers.education, training and the labour market;
General purpose technologies and economic growth / ed. by Elhanan Helpman. - Cambridge, Mass. [etc.]: MIT Press, 1998. - ISBN 0262082632.
Full text linkHow computerization has changed the labour market: a review of the evidence and a new perspective.
Full text linkWhat happens when agent T gets a computer?: The labor market impact of cost efficient computer adoption.
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