1,905 research outputs found
Community staff causal attributions about challenging behaviours in people with intellectual disabilities
No full textRecent theoretically-driven models have suggested that care staff causal attributions about challenging behaviours may influence staff intervention behaviour. Previous research on staff attributions has been concerned mainly with institution staff. The present study focused on community staff attributions as compared with those of inexperienced healthcare workers (student nurses). A total sample of 94 participants were asked to rate the likely causes of one of three topographies of challenging behaviour (self-injury, aggression or stereotypy) using 25 attributional items presented in a questionnaire. Results showed that experienced care staff and inexperienced students differed in their views on likely causes of challenging behaviours, although this was not restricted to a single type of causal factor. The experienced staff as a group rated social and emotional variables as likely causes of challenging behaviours. Finally, both experienced and inexperienced participants distinguished between behavioural topographies in terms of their causes. Stereotypy was viewed as a self-stimulatory activity, whilst aggression and self-injury were rated as more likely to be caused by social and emotional factors. The implications of research in this area for staff training and behavioural intervention are outlined. In addition, suggestions for future research are discussed
The Doppler Spectra of Medium Grazing Angle Sea Clutter; Part 1: Characterisation
No full textThis paper is concerned with the characterisation of Doppler spectra from high range resolution X-band radar sea clutter observed from an airborne platform over the range of grazing angles, 15° to 45°. It is observed that when looking up or down wind there is a strong correlation between mean Doppler shift and local spectrum intensity. When combined with random fluctuations of spectrum width, these characteristics give the spectra a temporal and spatial variability. This behaviour has previously been observed in low grazing angle data and these results confirm the wider applicability of the models developed using that data. The modelling method is also extended here to capture the bimodal behaviour observed with high intensity returns from breaking waves looking up or down-wind
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