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Results of Performance Tests Performed on the John Watts Casing Connection on 7" Pipe
No full textStress Engineering Services (SES) was contracted by Mr. John Watts to test his threaded connection developed for oilfield oil and gas service. This particular test required the application of a variety of loads including axial tension and compression, internal pressure (gas), external pressure (water), bending and both low and elevated temperature. These loads were used to determine the sealing and structural limits of the connection. The connection design tested had tapered threads with 10 threads per inch. A square thread form and a round thread form were tested. The square thread form had a 2{sup o} load flank and 15{sup o} stab flank. The round thread had a 0{sup o} load flank and 20{sup o} stab flank. Most of the testing was performed on the round thread form. Both a coupled connection design and an integral connection design were tested. The coupling was a pin by pin (male) thread, with the pipe having a box (female) thread. Both designs have outside and inside diameters that are flush with the pipe body. Both designs also contain a small external shoulder. The test procedure selected for this evaluation was the newly written ISO 13679 procedure for full scale testing of casing and tubing connections. The ISO procedure requires a variety of tests that includes makeup/breakout testing, internal gas sealability/external water sealability testing with axial tension, axial compression, bending, internal gas thermal cycle tests and limit load (failure) tests. This test was performed with four coupled samples and included most of these loads. Two integral samples were also included for limit load testing ISO makeup/breakout tests are divided into three types--initial makeup, IML1, repeated makeup within the same sample, MBL, and repeated makeup using several samples called round robin, RR. IMU and MBL were performed in this project. The ISO sealing and structural procedure is divided into four primary tests and identified as Series A, B, C and Limit Load (failure). Series A and B test to 95% actual yield of the pipe and Series C uses 90% of actual yield. Samples 1 and 3 were tested to Series A and the loads are shown in Figure 1. For these samples, the axial compression was limited to 75% pipe body yield, which was set by Mr. Watts at the beginning of the test. Samples 2 and 4 were tested to Series B with loads shown in Figure 2. This series included 20 degrees per 100 feet bending but no external pressure. Due to premature leaks, no samples were subjected to Series C which included mechanical and thermal cycles. Samples 5 and 6 were tested to failure. The project started with the selection and purchase of a popular size of oilfield pipe, which was 7-inch OD, 32 pound per foot, P-110 casing. While the connections were being threaded, material tensile tests were performed to get the actual strength of the 7-inch pipe. The first samples contained a square thread form. Excessive galling was experienced during the first series of makeup/breakout tests and Mr. Watts decided to change the thread form and remachine the samples. The second samples had a round thread form and performed very well in the makeup/breakout tests. Basically no galling occurred of any consequence. Samples 1 and 3 were to be tested with external water (ISO Series A) while samples 2 and 4 were to be tested with bending (ISO Series B, no external pressure). Testing of all four samples started with tension and internal gas pressure. During this initial pressure testing, samples 1, 3 and 4 developed leaks and the test was stopped before any external pressure or bending was applied. Sample 2 successfully tested to ISO Load Point 5 which included bending before developing a leak. Figure 3 shows the loads at which the samples leaked and the relative pipe body performance capability. Sample 1 and end A of sample 2 held a high pressure while samples 3, 4 and end B of sample 2 leaked at relatively low pressures. All of these leaks were with nitrogen gas pressure. After reviewing the results, it was believed that several conditions may have contributed to the premature leaks: The BOL 2000 thread lubricant contains solid particles that are larger than the solid particles in API 5A2 compound. Possibly the large particles prevented tight thread contact necessary for gas leak tightness. The BOL 2000 lubricant may have caused or at least contributed to the yielding of the pin end during makeup. Pin inward deformation was found in some pins subsequent to testing and breakout. Excessive yielding of the pin or box will contribute to poor thread contact and leakage. The connections were made up to full or near full shoulder contact. This causes the end of the pin to be stressed near the yield strength. This along with the interference caused by the thread compound may cause excessive pin hoop stresses and yielding which in turn gives relatively loose thread contact. This behavior is present when repeated makeup and breakout occurs
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Results of Performance Tests Performed on the John Watts WW Casing Connection on 7" Pipe
No full textStress Engineering Services (SES) was contracted by Mr. John Watts to test his ''WW'' threaded connection developed for oilfield oil and gas service. This work was a continuation of testing performed by SES as reported in August of 1999. The connection design tested was identified as ''WW''. The samples were all integral (no coupled connections) and contained a wedge thread form with 90{sup o} flank angles relative to the pipe centerline. The wedge thread form is a variable width thread that primarily engages on the flanks. This thread form provides very high torque capacity and good stabbing ability and makeup. The test procedure selected for one of the samples was the newly written ISO 13679 procedure for full scale testing of casing and tubing connections, which is currently going through the ISO acceptance process. The ISO procedure requires a variety of tests that includes makeup/breakout testing, internal gas sealability/external water sealability testing with axial tension, axial compression, bending, internal gas thermal cycle tests and limit load (failure) tests. This test procedure was performed with one sample. Four samples were tested to failure. Table 1 contains a summary of the tasks performed by SES. The project started with the delivery of test samples by Mr. Watts. Pipe from the previous round of tests was used for the new samples. Figure 1 shows the structural and sealing results relative to the pipe body. Sample 1 was used to determine the torque capacity of the connection. Torque was applied to the capacity of SES's equipment which was 28,424 ft-lbs. From this, an initial recommended torque range of 7,200 to 8,800 ft-lbs. was selected. The sample was disassembled and while there was no galling observed in the threads, the end of the pin had collapsed inward. Sample 2 received three makeups. Breakouts 1 and 2 also had collapsing of the pin end, with no thread galling. From these make/breaks, it was decided to reduce the amount of lubricant applied to the connection by applying it to the box or pin only and reducing the amount applied. Samples 3 and 4 received one makeup only. Sample 5 initially received two make/breaks to test for galling resistance before final makeup, No galling was observed. Later, three additional make/breaks were performed with no pin end collapse and galling over 1/2 a thread occurring on one of the breakouts. During the make/break tests, the stabbing and hand tight makeup of the WW connection was found to be very easy and trouble free. There was no tendency to crossthread, even when stabbed at an angle, and it screwed together very smoothly up to hand tight. During power tight makeup, there was no heat generated in the box (as checked by hand contact) and no jerkiness associated with any of the makeups or breakouts. Sample 2 was tested in pure compression. The maximum load obtained was 1,051 kips and the connection was beginning to significantly deform as the sample buckled. Actual pipe yield was 1,226 kips. Sample 3 was capped-end pressure tested to failure. The capped-end yield pressure of the pipe was 16,572 psi and the sample began to leak at 12,000 psi. Sample 4 was tested in pure tension. The maximum load obtained was 978 kips and the connection failed by fracture at the pin critical section. Actual pipe yield was 1,226 kips. Sample 5 was tested in combined tension/compression and internal gas pressure. The sample was assembled, setup and tested four times. The first time was with a torque of 7,298 ft-lbs and the connection leaked halfway to ISO Load Point 2 with loads of 693 kips and 4,312 psi. The second time the torque was increased to 14,488 ft-lbs and a leak occurred at 849 kips and 9,400 psi, which was ISO Load Point 2. The third time the makeup torque was again increased, to 20,456 ft-lbs, and a leak occurred at 716 kips and 11,342 psi, ISO Load Point 4. The fourth test was with the same torque as before, 20,617 ft-lbs, and the connection successfully tested up to load step 56, ISO Load Point 6 (second round) before leaking at 354 kips and 11,876 psi. At this point, time and funds prevented additional testing to be performed
W.W. Watts, Cozad, Dawson County, Nebraska.
No full textThis is probably the William Watts farm in the south west corner of sec. 20, twp. 11N, rng. 23W. It is a companion photograph to RG2608-2736. See additional information
W.M. Watts and wife outside their house in Cozad, Nebraska.
No full textPhotographer's annotation: 'Dead beat.' This is probably the William Watts farm in the southWestside Community Schools corner of sec. 20, twp. 11N, rng. 23W. It is a companion photograph to RG2608-2405. See additional information
Watts, J D, 37692
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/424432Surname: WATTS. Given Name(s) or Initials: J D. Military Service Number or Last Known Location: 37692. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: V-1042.252295
Item: [2016.0049.56693] "Watts, J D, 37692
Watts, H D, N47089
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/424445Surname: WATTS. Given Name(s) or Initials: H D. Military Service Number or Last Known Location: N47089. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 46536.252308
Item: [2016.0049.56706] "Watts, H D, N47089
Watts, D L, NX37432
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/424454Surname: WATTS. Given Name(s) or Initials: D L. Military Service Number or Last Known Location: NX37432. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 21261.252317
Item: [2016.0049.56715] "Watts, D L, NX37432
Daploeuros Watts 2011
No full textDaploeuros Watts, 2011 Diagnosis. Length 6–11mm. Eyes small, distance from subgenal ridge to bottom of eye a little more than diameter of eye, subantennal groove deep, with supraantennal ridge separating groove from eye, subantennal groove deep, with supraantennal ridge separating groove from eye, subgenal ridge without buttonhole; antenna without enlarged scape, antennomeres 2 & 3 not reduced; labial palpi straight (sensu Watts & Zwick 2019); mandible with one strong tooth, molar without small spines; pronotum transverse, anterolateral angles strongly produced forward; pronotal process broad at apex, corresponding notch in mesoventrite well marked; mesoventral process about twice as wide as long; mesepisternum rugose. Penis moderately elongate, trigonium bilobed, tegmen without styli (Figs 60–62 in Watts 2011). Female micropterous; ventrite 4 with a row of long setae near posterior edge; gonocoxites elongate, moderately sclerotized, gonostyli moderately long, apical; prehensor well developed (Fig. 33 in Watts 2011, Ruta 2020). Larvae not known. Included species. Daploeuros lamingtonensis Watts, 2011; D. reichertae Ruta, 2020; D. spencei (Armstrong, 1953); D. hadrostiktos Watts, 2011.Published as part of Watts, C. H. S., Bradford, T. M. & Cooper, S. J. B., 2021, A new genus, Perplexacara, and new generic placements of species of Australian marsh beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) based on morphology and molecular genetic data, pp. 539-548 in Zootaxa 4927 (4) on page 542, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4927.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/454310
Draft of Book "Rainbow Letters: The Temerity to Believe"
No full textText document 338 page rough draft of The Rainbow Letters: The Temerity to Believe by Craig, Gary M. Mildred and Rebecca Watts with editors notes by Connell "Rocky O\u27Donova
John S. Watts letter 1862
No full textA letter to Abraham Lincoln, in which Watts, delegate of the New Mexico territory, recommended Lipman Meyer to be the federal marshal of the territoryGift of the Elsie O. and Philip D. Sang Foundatio
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