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United States vs James B. Watson, 1844-1847
Letters and deposition relating to the case of Unites States vs James B. Watson. Records include 8 letters from James B. Watson to his mother, C. Watson, and sister, Marie A. Watson, dated June 28, July 21, August 25, November 10, and December 15, 1844, March 30, 1845, November 1, 1846, and April 4, 1847; letter from James Watson to William P. Preston, September 1, 1844; letter from Francis N. Fleming to Preston, September 13, 1844; letter from Miss Watson to Preston, November 6, 1844; 2 letters from C. Watson to Preston, April 22 and October 30, 1845; letter from Marie A. Watson to Preston, July 5, 1845; letter written in French from Stephanie Watson to C. Watson, September 5, 1844 with letter from C. Fleming to Preston on reverse side, September 30, 1844; copy of depositions of Alexander and Christiana Britton, August 17, 1844; draft of letter to President James K. Polk from Preston, October 19, 1847
Small deviations of a Galton-Watson process with immigration
We consider a Galton–Watson process with immigration (Zn), with offspring probabilities (pi) and immigration probabilities (qi). In the case when p0 = 0, p1 =/ 0, q0 = 0 (that is, when essinf(Zn) grows linearly in n), we establish the asymptotics of the left tail P{W essinf(ZK) and study the asymptotic behaviour of K conditionally on {W < ε}, as ε ↓ 0. We find the growth scale and the fluctuations of K and compare the results with those for standard Galton–Watson processes
Paleanotus chrysos Watson, 2015, n. sp.
<i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. <p>(Figs 1 I; 8A −L; 9)</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype: NTM W.23203, Western Pacific Ocean, QLD, GBR, North Direction Island, 14º44.62’S, 145º30.72’E, CReefs, LI-08-019, coll. C. Glasby, Apr 2008, (23E, L: 2.5 mm, W: 0.45 mm). Paratypes: NTM W.25641, same locality as holotype, (6, including female with large eggs, 22 E, L: 2.5mm, W: 0.6 mm).</p> <p> <b>Other material examined.</b> NTM W.23688, Yonge Reef, 14º34.40’S, 145º37.11’E, CReefs, LI-10-116, Sep 2010, (3: 1, 21E, L: 1.2 mm, W: 0.6 mm); NTM W.23673, Waining Reef, 14º 27.84S, 145º 19.19E, CReefs, LI-09- 0 23, coral rubble, 2 m, coll. C. Watson, Feb 2009, (3E); NTM W.23669, Lizard Island, Coconut Beach, 14º40.88’S, 145º28.35’E, CReefs, LI-09-002, 2 m, coll. C. Watson, Feb 2009, (1, 19E, L: 1.2 mm, W: 0.6 mm); NTM W.23604, Mermaid Beach, 14º38.75’S, 145º27.21’E, CReefs, LI-08-006, fine green algae on sand, 12 m, Apr 2008, (1, 21 E); NTM W.25640, North Point, 14º38.73’S, 145º27.2’E, CReefs, LI-08-020, rubble, 2 m, coll. C. Watson & N. Bruce, Apr 2008, (1, 19E, L: 1.5 mm, W: 0.55 mm); MV F.214507, North east of Townsville, muddy sand, 26 m, (1NE); MV F.214506, Britomart Reef, 18º17’S, 146º38’E, algae & sponges, 3 m, Nov. 1982, (1, 22E, L: 2.3 mm, W: 0.7 mm); MV F 214509, same locality, encrusting algae, Nov 1982, (4, NE); MV F.125877, same locality, reef front, encrusted dead coral with fine red algae, Nov 1982, (1NE); NTM W.23190, Heron Island, CReefs, HI-09-046, Sykes Reef, rubble, 10 m, Nov 2009, (1, 17NE); NTM W.23656, CReefs, HI-10-009, Sykes Reef, rubble, 14 m, coll. M. Blazewicz-Paszokowycz, Nov 2010, (2: 1, 22NE, L: 2.2 mm, W: 0.55 mm; 1, 24E, L: 2.0 mm, W: 0.75 mm); NTM W.23658, North East Lamont Reef, 23º35.20’S, 152º3.73’E, CReefs, HI-10-013, 21 m, coll. M. Capa, Nov 2010, (1, 22E, L: 2 mm, W: 0.65 mm); SMNH 97309, Western Pacific, France, New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands, Lifou, 17 m, (1, 20E, L: 2 mm, W: 0.65 mm).</p> <p> <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> species complex</p> <p>NTM W.13169, Philippines, Luzon, Cape Bolinao, coral rubble, red algae & sponge, 12 m, coll. B. Russell, Oct 1995, (1NE, W: 0.9 mm).</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> (based on holotype and other material where noted). Very small, elongate body with distinctive paleal notochaetae coloured deep yellow to bright gold. Paleae in neat, slightly ‘prickly’, raised fans over dorsum ie. not completely flattened as in other <i>Paleanotus</i> species. Neuropodia extend a little beyond notopodia.</p> <p>Prostomium with 2 pairs large, dark maroon eyes often merged; median antenna slender, subulate; large, glandular nuchal fold covers posterior prostomium. Segment 2 (chaetigerous segment 1) with 2–4 slender, pointed paleae with 3 ribs (Fig. 8 A, B).</p> <p>Notochaetae of mid-body notopodium composed of 2 slender, pointed laterals with 4–5 ribs; subunit 1 paleae usually absent, sometimes 1–2 small spines present (Fig. 8 C). Main paleae number 6–8 with 13–15 (16) ribs. Paleae with rounded to slight sloping brow, robust margin serration; broad, curved apices. At moderate magnification superior surface of main paleae appears smooth; at high magnification ribs appear thickened, especially basally, with about 4–6 b.l. ribs. Slender dorsal cirri about 2/3 length of main paleae fan (Figs 1 I; 8K; 9). Median paleae number 3; distinctive narrow shape with sloping brow. Lizard Island material median paleae slender with distinct ‘upswept’, broad apices, 8–11 (12) ribs (Fig. 8 E, D). Heron Island, New Caledonian median paleae broader with 9–12 ribs (Fig. 8 K, L). Median paleae appear smooth; under high magnification 5 b.l. ribs visible, especially basally.</p> <p>Neurochaetal types of mid-body neuropodium composed of 2 superior, very slender falcigers; about 4 midsuperior falcigers; 6–8 mid-group falcigers. Latter three groups with pronounced basal serrations. Inferior group of shorter falcigers with slender blades, number 4–6. Total number about 20 (Fig. 8 F–J). Ventral cirri short, subulate.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. has the smallest maximum body segment number and length compared to all other species described in this paper; e.g., mature GBR specimen 24E, length 2.6 mm, width 0.75 mm; the New Caledonian specimen, 20E and length 3.7 mm. <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. is coloured deep yellow in northern GBR specimens, deep mustard yellow to gold in reefs off Townsville, and bright brassy gold in material from Heron Island, southern GBR: a depth of notochaetal pigmentation not seen in any of the other small <i>Paleanotus</i> species.</p> <p> <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. is further differientated by possession of pointed lateral paleae with small number of ribs and short spine/s and the absence of sub-unit 1 paleae. The median paleae shape is unique and horizontal striae are observed more widely separated in the basal quarter of paleae becoming finer distally (Fig. 8 E). Neurochaetal types are similar to those of other species but possess a greater degree of basal serration, particularly of the midgroup falcigers (Fig. 8 G–I). An ovigerous female paratype specimen (starting to disintegrate), has large eggs present from chaetiger 6, measuring 200–250 µm in diameter (Fig. 9).</p> <p> Body size and chaetal morphology of individuals from northern and southern GBR specimens, reefs off Townsville and New Caledonia overall agrees. Lizard Island material possesses the narrowest median paleae as do <i>P. chrysos</i> n. sp. from reefs off Townsville. Heron Island specimens exhibits some broader median paleae as well as the narrower ones; the New Caledonian individual has mainly broad median paleae (cf Fig. 8 D, E & K, L).</p> <p> A New Caledonian specimen is cited as ‘ <i>Paleanotus</i> LI’ in Wiklund <i>et al.</i> (2009). The SMNH specimen on loan for this study is entire so another <i>Paleanotus</i> from the same collection must have been used for the DNA analysis. As there was no morphological description in the paper, a designated species name for the DNA individual is unknown. Future <i>Paleanotus</i> genetic analyses with named species may be able to reveal its identity.</p> <p> A Philippine individual belonging to <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> species complex was collected from an encrusted habitat similar to habitats of <i>P. chrysos</i> n. sp. from the GBR. Chaetal types are also very similar e.g., slender lateral paleae and spines, and the egg size is the same. However the main and median paleae have even more elevated apices; paleael sculpture is different with no b.l. ribs on main paleae and the median paleae possess a central raised rib. This specimen appears part of the <i>chrysos</i> complex and may prove to be a new species. Slender, pointed laterals, often accompanied by spines in <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. are also seen in the <i>P. silus</i> n. sp. species complex but the main and median paleae shape are different between the species. <i>P. chrysos</i> has been found sympatric with <i>Paleanotus adornatus</i> n. sp. in coral rubble collections from Lizard Island, GBR.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species name, <i>chrysos,</i> is derived from the Greek meaning ‘gold’ and refers to the distinctive colour of the notochaetal paleae.</p> <p> <b>Habitat / Distribution.</b> Recorded from the Coral Sea: Lizard Island, reefs off Townsville and Heron Island, GBR, NE coast of Australia and New Caledonia. <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. appears to favour a complex habitat of encrusted coral rubble, red algae, sponges as well as fine algae on sand; depth 2− 30 m.</p>Published as part of <i>Watson, Charlotte, 2015, Seven new species of Paleanotus (Annelida: Chrysopetalidae) described from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, and coral reefs of northern Australia and the Indo-Pacific: two cryptic species pairs revealed between western Pacific Ocean and the eastern Indian Ocean, pp. 707-732 in Zootaxa 4019 (1)</i> on pages 726-729, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.24, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/234245">http://zenodo.org/record/234245</a>
George Watson with skis, circa 1940s.
Photo shows Alta\u27s George Watson with skis, circa 1940
George Watson and Alf Engen toast each other. In photo L to R: George Watson, Alf Engen, Ted Keller, Ken Maughan, and Felix Koziol.
Photo shows George Watson and Alf Engen toasting each other. In photo left to right: George Watson, Alf Engen, Ted Keller, Ken Maughan, and Felix Koziol
Distributional Watson Transforms
All our notation is as denned in [2] with the restriction to n = 1. However, for our purposes, we introduce a sequence of norms byin It is not difficult to see that turns out to be a fundamental space.It is a well-known fact that the Watson transform and the Mellin transform are connected by the fact thatandif and only if K(s)K(l — s) = 1, where K(s) is the Mellin transform of k(x). Further, the Hankel transform and Hilbert transform can be considered as special cases of Watson transforms.</jats:p
George Watson welcoming visitors at his entrance shaft.
Photo of George Watson welcoming visitors at his entrance shaf
George Watson, Mayor of "Romantic Alta," circa mid 1940s.
Photo shows "Mayor" George Watson of Alta on ski
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