1,107 research outputs found
Robot Control: From Silicon Circuitry to Cells
No full textLife-like adaptive behaviour is so far an illusive goal in robot control. A capability to act successfully in a complex, ambiguous, and harsh environment would vastly increase the application domain of robotic devices. Established methods for robot control run up against a complexity barrier, yet living organisms amply demonstrate that this barrier is not a fundamental limitation. To gain an understanding of how the nimble behaviour of organisms can be duplicated in made-for-purpose devices we are exploring the use of biological cells in robot control. This paper describes an experimental setup that interfaces an amoeboid plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum with an omnidirectional hexapod robot to realise an interaction loop between environment and plasticity in control. Through this bio-electronic hybrid architecture the continuous negotiation process between local intracellular reconfiguration on the micro-physical scale and global behaviour of the cell in a macroscale environment can be studied in a device setting
Kinsei geidōron /
No full textNanpōroku -- Tachibana zubyōbu -- Tachibana taizen -- Nageireka densho -- Kō no sho -- Heihō kadensho -- Shinkage-ryū heihō mokurokuji -- Gorinsho -- Heihō 35-kajō -- Chikushishū (jo) -- Jōkyō 4-nen gidaiyū danmonoshū (jo) -- Ongyoku kudensho -- Oi no tanoshimishō -- Kokon yakusha rongokai -- Sakusha shikihō gizairoku -- Jōruri kabuki jinmei ichiran -- Nanpōroku fuzu -- Kinsei geidō shisō no tokushitsu to sono tenkai -- Nishiyama Matsunosuke cho -- Kinsei no yūgeiron / Nishiyama Matsunosuke cho -- Heihō densho keisei ni tsuite no ichi shiron / Watanabe Ichirō cho -- Jōruri kabuki no geijutsuron / Gunji Masakatsu cho = 南方錄 -- 立花図屏風 -- 立花大全 -- 拋入花伝書 -- 香之書 -- 兵法家伝書 -- 新陰流兵法目錄事 -- 五輪書 -- 兵法35箇条 -- 竹子集(序) -- 貞享4年義太夫段物集(序) -- 音曲口伝書 -- 老のたのしみ抄 -- 古今役者論語魁 -- 作者式法戯財錄 -- 浄瑠璃歌舞伎人名一覽 -- 南方錄付図 -- 近世芸道思想の特質とその展開 / 西山松之助著 -- 近世の遊芸論 / 西山松之助著 -- 兵法伝書形成についての一試論 / 渡辺一郎著 -- 浄るりかぶきの芸術論 / 郡司正勝著
The acceleration of cosmic-ray protons in the supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946
No full textCopyright © 2002 Macmillan Magazines LtdR. Enomoto, T. Tanimori, T. Naito, T. Yoshida, S. Yanagita, M. Mori, P. G. Edwards, A. Asahara, G. V. Bicknell, S. Gunji, S. Hara, T. Hara, S. Hayashi, C. Itoh, S. Kabuki, F. Kajino, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, A. Kawachi, T. Kifune, H. Kubo, J. Kushida, S. Maeda, A. Maeshiro, Y. Matsubara, Y. Mizumoto, M. Moriya, H. Muraishi, Y. Muraki, T. Nakase, K. Nishijima, M. Ohishi, K. Okumura, J. R. Patterson, K. Sakurazawaq, R. Suzuki, D. L. Swaby, K. Takano, T. Takano, F. Tokanai, K. Tsuchiya, H. Tsunoo, K. Uruma, A. Watanabe & T. Yoshikosh
Observation of gamma rays greater than 10 TeV from Markarian 421
No full textCopyright © 2002 The American Astronomical SocietyK. Okumura, A. Asahara, G.V. Bicknell, P.G. Edwards, R. Enomoto, S. Gunji, S. Hara, T. Hara, S. Hayashi, C. Itoh, S. Kabuki, F. Kajino, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, A. Kawachi, T. Kifune, H. Kubo, J. Kushida, S. Maeda, A. Maeshiro, Y. Matsubara, Y. Mizumoto, M. Mori, M. Moriya, H. Muraishi, Y. Muraki, T. Naito, T. Nakase, K. Nishijima, M. Ohishi, J.R. Patterson, K. Sakurazawa, R. Suzuki, D.L. Swaby, K. Takano, T. Takano, T. Tanimori, F. Tokanai, K. Tsuchiya, H. Tsunoo, K. Uruma, A. Watanabe, S. Yanagita, T. Yoshida and T. Yoshikosh
A brief study on the gun-teki sekai (social conditions in the district) of Asuwa district in Echizen province
No full text Often discussed in recent years, the term gun-teki sekai refers to the social conditions of a district. In ancient Japanese local communities, there existed complex webs of historical rule and intertwined relationships between local clans that date back to before the establishment of the Ritsuryō system. Gun-teki sekai is a term that refers to the reality of the control of the provincial and district systems, in which multiple powerful clans served as gunji , district governors under the Ritsuryō system. Each gunji organized smaller clans below them to carry out administrative duties based on such relationships. Recent research is beginning to reveal the multipolar structure of the gun-teki sekai .
In this study, the author examines the gun-teki sekai through an analysis of the Asuwa district in Echizen province, which is rich in historical materials. As a result, the following four points became clear. First, it is highly likely that the powerful clans who served as district governors in the mid-Nara period were traditional clans with roots in the eastern part of the district. Second, the powerful clans who served as district deputy governors may have been an emerging power. Third, from an archaeological perspective, the eastern part of the district is the traditional area, while the dominance of the western part of the district developed after the establishment of the Ritsuryō system. Fourth, in terms of clan distribution, the clans who served as district governors were distributed over the widest area, followed by those who served as district deputy governors
Optimal Monetary Policy in an Estimated Local Currency Pricing Model
No full textWe analyze fluctuations in inflation and the nominal exchange rate under optimal monetary policy with local currency pricing by developing two-country DSGE local currency pricing and producer currency pricing models. We estimate our models using Bayesian techniques with Japanese and US data, and calculate impulse response functions. Our estimation results show that local currency pricing is strongly supported against producer currency pricing. From the estimated parameters, we show that completely stabilizing consumer price index inflation is optimal from the viewpoint of minimizing welfare costs and that completely stabilizing consumer price index inflation is consistent with completely stabilizing the nominal exchange rate.local currency pricing, optimal monetary policy, CPI inflation, fixed exchange rate, Bayesian estimation
Japan's persistent engagement policy toward Myanmar in the post-Cold War era : a case of Japan's 'problem-driven pragmatism'
No full textThis thesis engages in the debates on Japan’s foreign policy objectives and direction
in the post-Cold War era by examining the case of Japan’s Myanmar policy with a
particular focus on the question as to why Japan maintained its engagement policy line,
although shifting to a more critical one, toward the Myanmar military government
which was established in 1988. This thesis employs the analytical framework of
neoclassical realism, recognizing international structure as the primary determinant of a
state’s foreign policy while at the same time shedding light on domestic level factors,
namely policy-makers’ perceptions, the government’s resource mobilization and the
domestic policy-making system as intervening variables that incorporate international
structural incentives into a state’s actual conduct of foreign policy.
In conclusion, the empirical study reveals that Japan adhered to an engagement
policy primarily because of Japanese policy-makers’ perceptions that it was the most
practical and effective policy to promote Myanmar’s political and economic
development, which would eventually contribute to regional stability and progress. This
indicates a persistent feature of Japan’s foreign policy which can be described as
‘problem-driven pragmatism’, or Japan’s behavioural pattern of taking actions in
response to concrete problems and pursuing practical problem-solving for bringing
about incremental and pragmatic improvements in the problems by making necessary
compromises with structural pressures and existing systems.
This thesis makes a distinctive contribution from three aspects: providing new
empirical evidence which fills the gap in conventional debates on Japan’s Myanmar
policy objectives; proposing ‘problem-driven pragmatism’ as a new model of Japan’s
foreign policy which addresses the shortcomings of existing arguments; and, affirming
the applicability and efficacy of neoclassical realism for foreign policy analysis with the
implication that it is necessary to examine multiple foreign policy agendas and
multi-dimensional international structure in comprehending the critical tradeoffs that a
state often faces
Development of an atmospheric Cherenkov imaging camera for the CANGAROO-III experiment
No full textCopyright © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Submitted to Cornell University’s online archive www.arXiv.org in 2003 by Ryoji Enomoto. Post-print sourced from www.arxiv.org.A Cherenkov imaging camera for the CANGAROO-III experiment has been developed for observations of gamma-ray-induced air showers at energies from 1011 to 1014 eV. The camera consists of 427 pixels, arranged in a hexagonal shape at 0.17° intervals, each of which is a 3/4-in. diameter photomultiplier module with a Winston-cone-shaped light guide. The camera was designed to have a large dynamic range of signal linearity, a wider field of view, and an improvement in photon-collection efficiency compared with the CANGAROO-II camera. The camera, and a number of the calibration experiments made to test its performance, are described in detail in this paper. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.S. Kabuki, K. Tsuchiya, K. Okumura, R. Enomoto, T. Uchida, H. Tsunoo, Shin. Hayashi, Sei. Hayashi, F. Kajino, A. Maeshiro, I. Tada, C. Itoh, A. Asahara, G.V. Bicknell, R.W. Clay, P.G. Edwards, S. Gunji, S. Hara, T. Hara, T. Hattori, H. Katagiri, A. Kawachi, T. Kifune, H. Kubo, J. Kushida, Y. Matsubara, Y. Mizumoto, M. Mori, H. Moro, H. Muraishi, Y. Muraki, T. Naito, T. Nakase, D. Nishida, K. Nishijima, M. Ohishi, J.R. Patterson, R.J. Protheroe, K. Sakurazawa, D.L. Swaby, T. Tanimori, F. Tokanai, A. Watanabe, S. Watanabe, S. Yanagita, T. Yoshida, T. Yoshikoshihttp://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/505701/description#descriptio
Leptobatopsis badia : Momoi 1970
No full text<i>Leptobatopsis badia</i> Momoi, 1970 <p>(Figs 1 F, 2 C, K, R, 5 A, B, 10 E, F, 11 C, 12 C)</p> <p> <i>Leptobatopsis badia</i> Momoi, 1970: 373 (in part: holotype).</p> <p> <b>Materials examined.</b> <b>JAPAN</b>: [Ryukyu Isls.] 1 M (holotype), Amamioshima, 9 May 1966, K. Kusigemati leg. (MNHAH); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Mt. Yuwan-dake, 22 Jun. 2001, T. Nambu leg. (KPMNH); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Mt. Yui-dake, 15 Jul. 2004, H. Makihara leg., MT (KPMNH); 2 F & 1 M, ditto, 10 Aug. 2004 (KPMNH); 3 F, ditto, 24 Aug. 2004 (KPMNH); 7 F & 1 M, ditto, 19 Sep. 2004 (KPMNH); 4 F & 1 M, ditto, 14 Oct. 2004 (KPMNH); 2 M, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Yamato Vil., Oodana, 1 Jun. 2007, K. Watanabe leg. (KPMNH); 3 M, ditto, 4 Jun. 2007, K. Watanabe & M. Gunji leg. (KPMNH); 1 M, ditto, 30 Jun. 2011, K. Watanabe leg. (KPMNH); 2 M, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Sumiyou Vil., Mt. Kinkawa-dake, 7 Jun. 2007, K. Watanabe leg. (KPMNH); 1 M, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Kinsakubaru, 27 Jun. 2014, K. Watanabe leg. (KPMNH); 3 F, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Sumiyou Vil., Gusuku, 29 Jun. 2013, S. Yoshizawa leg. (KPMNH); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Chuou-rindo, 30 Jun. 2011, K. Watanabe leg. (KPMNH); 1 F, ditto, 6 Sep. 2011, T. Kawano leg. (KPMNH); 3 F, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Yamato Vil., Naon, 27 Jun. 2021, J. Okayasu leg. (EUM).</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Female (n = 26). Body length 9.1–10.9 mm, polished and covered with punctures and short silver setae.</p> <p>Head 0.65–0.7 × as long as wide. Clypeus 1.8–1.9 × as broad as high, smooth except for dorsal part sparsely punctate, slightly convex in lateral view. Face 1.2–1.35 × as broad as high, punctate, slightly convex medially in lateral view. Length of malar space 1.0–1.05 × as long as basal mandibular width. POL 0.9–1.2 × as long as OD. OOL 0.9–1.1 × as long as OD. Antenna with 41–44 flagellomeres. FL I 7.9–8.35 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view and 2.15–2.3 × as long as FL II.</p> <p>Mesosoma densely punctate. Epomia present ventrally. Smooth area of mesoscutum extended to anterior to the line between each tegula (Fig. 1 F). Scutellum largely smooth (Fig. 11 C). Speculum with a small smooth area (Fig. 12 D). Dorsal surface of propodeum punctate to rugose punctate. Fore wing length 6.6–7.2 mm. Areolet received vein 2m-cu slightly based of the outer angle. Nervellus subvertical, intercepted slightly posterior to the middle. Terminal tooth of fore and mid tarsal claws larger than other teeth (Fig. 2 C). Hind femur 5.0–5.2 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view. Ratio of length of hind first to fifth tarsomeres 4.4–4.6: 2.0: 1.35–1.4: 0.65–0.7: 0.8–0.9. Hind second tarsomere 6.65 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view. All trochantelli without an apical tooth on the outer side. Hind tarsal claws each with an accessary tooth (Fig. 2 R).</p> <p>Metasoma. T I 4.0–4.4 × as long as maximum width, smooth with a few fine punctures. T II 1.65–2.05 × as long as maximum width. T II to T V coriaceous with fine and sparse punctures. Ovipositor sheath 1.5–1.7 × as long as hind tibia.</p> <p>Coloration (Figs 5 A, 10 E, 11 C, 12 C). Head black. Clypeus, a pair of markings of frontal orbit, malar space, mandible except for teeth, palpi and ventral surfaces of scape and pedicel yellow. Two pair of lateral spots of face and ventral surface of basal segments of flagellum reddish brown. Mesosoma and metasoma reddish brown. Postero-dorsal corner of pronotum, scutellum and subtegular ridge yellow. Antero-median part of mesoscutum, T V to T VII blackish brown to black. T II and T IV more or less tinged with blackish brown. Membranous part of metasomal sternites yellowish brown. Subgenital plate brown to blackish brown. Ovipositor reddish brown. Wings hyaline except for apical clouded area of fore wing. Veins and pterostigma blackish brown except for yellowish-brown wing base. Legs reddish brown to yellowish brown. Hind trochantellus, base and apex of hind femur, hind tibia, hind tibial spurs, basal part of hind first tarsomere and apical segments of hind tarsus more or less tinged with blackish brown.</p> <p>Male (n = 13). Similar to female. Clypeus 1.6–1.8 × as broad as high. Length of malar space 1.1–1.2 × as long as basal mandibular width. POL 0.75–0.85 × as long as OD. OOL 0.5–0.7 × as long as OD. Hind femur 5.0–5.7 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view. T I 5.4–6.05 × as long as maximum width. T II 2.65–2.95 × as long as maximum width. Face, frontal orbit, lower part of gena, pronotum, propleuron, anterior part of mesoscutum except for median black area, mesopleuron and metapleuron yellow (Figs 5 B, 10 F).</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b>. Japan (Amamioshima Is.).</p> <p> <b>Bionomics</b>. Host unknown. Adults were collected in May, June, July, August, September and October.</p> <p> <b>Remarks</b>. This species is endemic to Amamioshima Island. Insects from Amamioshima Island are usually found on Tokunoshima Island, which belongs to the same archipelago. The first author has intensively field sampling the ichneumonids in Tokunoshima Island on several years, but has not been able to find any specimens, including those in museum collections.</p>Published as part of <i>Watanabe, Kyohei & Ito, Masato, 2023, Revision of the genus Leptobatopsis Ashmead, 1900 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Banchinae) from Japan, with some taxonomic notes of Asian species, pp. 401-426 in Zootaxa 5339 (5)</i> on pages 410-412, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.5.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8309300">http://zenodo.org/record/8309300</a>
Cangaroo-III observation of TeV gamma rays from the vicinity of PSR B1706-44
No full textObservation by the CANGAROO-III stereoscopic system of the Imaging Cherenkov Telescope has detected extended emission of TeV gamma rays in the vicinity of the pulsar PSR B1706-44. The strength of the signal observed as gamma-ray-like events varies when we apply different ways of emulating background events. The reason for such uncertainties is argued in relevance to gamma rays embedded in the "OFF-source data," that is, unknown sources and diffuse emission in the Galactic plane, namely, the existence of a complex structure of TeV gamma-ray emission around PSR B1706-44R. Enomoto, J. Kushida, T. Nakamori, T. Kifune, G. V. Bicknell, R. W. Clay, P. G. Edwards, S. Gunji, S. Hara, T. Hara, T. Hattori, S. Hayashi, Y. Higashi, Y. Hirai, K. Inoue, H. Ishioka, S. Kabuki, F. Kajino, H. Katagiri, A. Kawachi, R. Kiuchi, H. Kubo, T. Kunisawa, T. Matoba, Y. Matsubara, I. Matsuzawa, T. Mizukami, Y. Mizumura, Y. Mizumoto, M. Mori, H. Muraishi, T. Naito, S. Nakano, K. Nishijima, M. Ohishi, Y. Otake, S. Ryoki, K. Saito, Y. Sakamoto, A. Seki, V. Stamatescu, T. Suzuki, D. L. Swaby, T. Tanimori, G. Thornton, F. Tokanai, K. Tsuchiya, S. Watanabe, E. Yamazaki, S. Yanagita, T. Yoshida, T. Yoshikoshi and Y. Yukaw
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