70 research outputs found
Daftar bahan makanan penukar : petunjuk praktis sistematik dan lengkap untuk perencanaan makanan/ Waspadji
No full textv, 22 cm.: ill.; 20 cm
Penyuluhan diabetes melitus : Pertanyaan yang sering diajukan penyandang DM
No full textxiv, 113 hal; 12 x 18 c
The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on systemic immune response and blood glucose level of NIDDM patients
Get PDFPeriodontal inflammation is a periodontal disorder of high prevalence in the population. Chronic periodontitis is associated with the accumulation of plaque and calculus as local factors, and systemic factors such an diabetes mellitus (DM) and HIV infection. Cytokine, especially IL-1β as inflammatory mediator for periodontal disease, may directly stimulated iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) expression and NO (nitric oxide) production by β-cells, resulting in NO-mediated β-cell damage. The leucotoxin and proteases produced by periodontal pathogens will induce chemotactic and phagocytotic defect; therefore causing decreased PMN phagocytotic function. Hyperglicemia which occurs in diabetic patients increases calcium influx to the cell, resulting in the increased cytosol’s calcium ([Ca 2+]i) level and; therefore, resulting in dysfunction of PMN and impaired PMN phagocytotic function. Advanced glycosilation endproduct in NIDDM binds to monocytes resulting in the increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNFα,) and produces activation of macrophages and osteoclasts. Hyperglicemia activates diacyl glycerol (DAG)-protein kinase C (PKC), thus increasing PGE2 and cytokine expression that induce inflammation and periodontal tissue destruction processes. Studies on the effect of scaling to remove calculus disposition on blood glucose control and cellular immune response in DM patient has never been carried out. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of scaling as non-surgical periodontal therapy on immune response (IL-1β level and PMN phagocytotic function) and blood glucose level of type 2 diabetic patients. Subjects were diabetic patients, 60 controlled-DM (CDM) and 60 uncontrolled-DM (UCDM), in Metabolic-Endocrinology Clinic of Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, aged 40-60 years. The subjects were divided into treatment (scaling) and control group, and cellular immune response and diabetic status, before and 6 weeks after treatment were evaluated. Statistical analysis (t test) were done using Stata 7.0 software, to compare the parameters before and after scaling in CDM and UCMD subjects. The results showed that scaling decreased IL-1β level and increased phagocytotic function significantly (P<0.05). Scaling decreased fasting and 2 hours post-prandial blood glucose levels and HbA1c level, but the decrease were not significant statistically (P>0.05), except for the decrease in HbA1c level in uncontrolled DM (P=0.00). (Med J Indones 2008; 17: 20-4)
Keywords : IL-1β level, phagocytotic function, HbA1C leve
Multi-Country Study on the Prevalence and Clinical Features of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Asian Type 2 Diabetes Patients at High Risk of Atherosclerosis
No full textObjective: PAD-SEARCH was the first international study to investigate the,prevalence of peripheral arterial disease ( PAD) in Asian type 2 diabetic patients and to demonstrate the relationships between putative risk factors and PAD. S ubjects and methods: In total 6625 type 2 diabetic patients aged 50 and older were enrolled and determined ankle- brachial index (ABI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity( baPWV) in Korea, China , Taiwan, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines. Results: Mean patient age was 63.7 +/- 8.2 years and mean duration of diabetes was 10.3 +/ - 8.0 years. One thousand one hundred and seventy-two (17.7% ) subjects were diagnosed as PAD by ABI (<= 0.9). PAD subjects had a significantly longer duration of diabetes, hypertension, higher HbA1c, and a significantly lower mean BMI than non-PAD subjects. In terms of lipid profiles, triglyceride was the only significant variable. Notably, mean ABI and baPWV in females were significantly poorer than age matched males in subjects with a normal ABI. However, mean ABI and baPWV in males were significantly poorer than in age matched females in subjects with PAD. Conclusions: These findings suggest that PAD is a common complication in Asian type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore, PAD screening and treatment should be emphasized for Asian diabetic patients with high risk factors. ( c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
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