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    Die Täuschung überwinden : Der Diskurs des dritten Karma-pa Rang-byung-rdo-rje (1284‒1339) über die Unterscheidung zwischen Wahrnehmung (rnam shes: vijñāna) und Gnosis (ye shes: jñāna)

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    The thesis explores the distinction between perception (rnam shes: vijñāna) and gnosis (ye shes: jñāna) in the Collected Works of the Third Karma-pa (Rang-byung-rdo-rje gsung ’bum). This central theme can be traced back to early Indian and Tibetan sources. The Third Karma-pa, supreme head of the Karma bKa’-brgyud lineage of Tibetan Buddhism, expounded on this subject in one of his most influential treatises (rNam shes ye shes ’byed pa’i bstan bcos), as well as in shorter or longer form in several other works, in the context of various genres, in verse as well as in prose. Based on the historical and philosophical-religious background the thesis analyzes the meaning of the distinction between perception (rnam shes: vijñāna), i.e. deluded states of mind and gnosis (ye shes: jñāna), i.e. states free from delusion, in the context of the life and works of Rang-byung-rdo-rje as well as the doctrine of various transmission lineages of Tibetan Buddhism. The thesis focuses on the text-critical edition of the primary sources, such as the various rNam shes ye shes editions, and annotated translations of the relevant works, i.e. the Phyag chen khrid yig, and a few others. In this way, this study of several of Rang-byung-rdo-rje’s key treatises and related commentaries, in addition to its contribution to the field of Tibetology, is designed to break new ground for further research in related fields.Die Arbeit erforscht die Unterscheidung zwischen Wahrnehmung (rnam shes: vijñāna) und Gnosis (ye shes: jñāna) im Gesamtwerk des dritten Karma-pa (Rang-byung-rdo-rje gsung ’bum). Dieses zentrale Thema lässt sich auf frühe indische und tibetische Quellen zurückführen. Der dritte Karma-pa Rang-byung-rdo-rje (1284–1339), Oberhaupt der Karma bKa’-brgyud-Linie des Tibetischen Buddhismus, legte diese Thematik in einem seiner einflussreichsten Werke (rNam shes ye shes ’byed pa’i bstan bcos) dar, sowie in kürzerer und längerer Form in mehreren anderen Werken, im Kontext verschiedener Genres, in Versen sowie in Prosa. Basierend auf dem historischen und philosophisch-religiösen Hintergrund untersucht die Arbeit die Bedeutung der Unterscheidung von Wahrnehmung, d. h. getäuschten Geisteszuständen, und Gnosis, d. h. Zuständen frei von Täuschung, im Zusammenhang mit Leben und Werk von Rang-byung-rdo-rje, sowie den Lehren verschiedener Übertragungslinien des Tibetischen Buddhismus. Die Forschungsarbeit konzentriert sich auf die textkritische Edition der Primärquellen, wie die verschiedenen Textausgaben des rNam shes ye shes und kommentierte Übersetzungen der maßgeblichen Werke, d. h. des Phyag chen khrid yig und einiger anderer. Auf diese Weise ist diese Studie von mehreren Schlüssel-Abhandlungen Rang-byung-rdo-rjes und den zugehörigen Kommentaren über ihren Beitrag zum Gebiet der Tibetologie hinaus dazu angelegt, neue Bereiche für die weitere Forschung in den verwandten Fachgebieten zu erschließen

    On the Identity and Authenticity of the *Sarvadharmacaryopadeśābhisamayatantra : A Tantric Scripture Associated with the Vikramaśīla Tradition

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    Relationship between Tantric and Non-Tantric Doctrines in Late Indian Buddhism / Editor-in-Chief 馬場 紀

    Media in the New Political Order

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    In the new political environment mass media will play a vital role in sustaining the democracy. In fact the success of the new path, so laboriously and single-handedly forged by His Majesty, will in large part depend on how the media is managed and practiced in the country. This paper looks at the development of the modern mass media in Bhutan and the role that it has played in the overall modernisation process. It attempts to answer the questions pertaining to issues such as press freedom in Bhutanese context, the need for a Bhutanese media model, and the role of the public service and the independent press in the changing political scenario. To simplify the argument presented in this paper, mass media shall mean print, radio, and television

    Building Resilience: An Intervention to Enrich Positive Outcome in Personality Traits amongst Students

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    The universal call for education in the 21st century gears towards cultivating personal traits of students who are resilient in navigating through life successfully. Thus, resilience building must be initiated in the learning institutions across the country for a better world. Resilience building enriches the personality traits and creates a wholesome individual who can in turn create a better world to be in. This study explored the impact of resilience building on academic performance and development of the personality traits in the young minds of Khasdrapchu MSS, Thimphu, based on five factor model of personality. The sample students were selected using need assessment and screening tools. The vulnerable students were prioritized to be intervened with resilience building program. 37 students from classes VII to X were selected employing purposive sampling technique. The methodology incorporated was quantitative approach. The research design chosen was pretest and post-test. In addition to a structured, self-administered questionnaire, the mid-term and annual examination results were included. Descriptive analysis was carried out to describe and summarize the raw data. Statistical techniques such as mean and standard deviation were used to infer correlation amongst the variables in the study. The inferential statistics results indicated that there was a positive correlation between resilience building and personality traits. This was supported by an increase in mean and standard deviation in the posttest after the intervention was provided. The academic performance of the students heightened after the intervention. It can be concluded that building resilience in students have positive outcomes on their personality traits and as well on their academic performance. Thus, the learning institutions must consider resilience building programs as interventions to help young people navigate through life well
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