1,399 research outputs found
From Texts to Performance: “Shihua” and “Jiaohua” of the Zhezi Plays since the Ming-Qing Dynasties
No full text〈拾畫〉〈叫畫〉是崑劇《牡丹亭》獨唱獨做的折子戲，文靜細膩，是高難度的巾生戲。本文比較湯顯祖原著〈拾畫〉〈玩真〉與改編本之差異。其次，從明清北劇南戲選本、舞臺演出本和身段譜，觀察舞臺演出的變化過程。再從清代工尺譜之差異，比較樂工定譜的內在意義。最後，分析俞振飛(1902-1993）、周傳瑛(1912-1988）、浙崑汪世瑜(1941-）、上崑岳美緹(1941-）、蘇崑石小梅(1949-）等近現代崑劇表演藝術家，對〈拾畫〉〈叫畫〉折子戲舞台表演之差異。檢閱湯顯祖《牡丹亭》相關研究之成果，對〈拾畫〉〈叫畫〉的著墨略少，本文嘗試藉〈拾畫〉〈叫畫〉印證崑劇折子戲從文本到定型的歷史發展。The “Shihua” 拾畫and “Jiaohua” 叫畫in the Kun opera Mudan ting牡丹亭are both regarded as independent zhezi (opera-drama sketches) 折子plays. The two plays are not only graceful and exquisite but also belong to highly difficult jinsheng巾生 (scholar) plays. This paper will first compare the differences between the original and adapted versions of “Shihua” and “Wanzhen” 玩真. Secondly, the author observes the transformative process of stage performance by exploring selected Northern operas and Southern plays, texts for stage performance, and shenduan pu身段譜 (notes of body language) in Ming and Qing dynasties. In addition, the differences of gongchi pu工尺譜 (music scores) will be examined in order to shed light on the internal meanings of the scores composed by Qing musical artists. Finally, the paper will analyze the differences among the stage performances on “Shihua” and “Wanzhen” by modern actors/actresses, including Yu Zhenfei俞振飛(1902-1993), Zhou Chuanying周傳瑛 (1912-1988), Wang Shiyu汪世瑜(1941-), Yue Meiti兵美緹(1941-), and Shih Xiaomei石小梅(1949-). In view of the conspicuous lack of discussion on “Shihua” and “Jiaohua” in current studies of Tang Xianzu’s Mudan ting, the paper, by way of examining “Shihua” and “Jiaohua, ” will make a special contribution to our understanding of the historical process through which zhezi plays in the Kun opera had consolidated from original texts
Coupling between flexible ship and liquid sloshing using potential flow analysis
No full textThe significant increase in demand for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and the economic aspects of its transportation resulted in increases in the number and size of LNG carriers. One of the design issues for LNG carriers is the sloshing phenomenon because containment systems widely used nowadays have no internal structures. Furthermore, because the weights of ship and cargo are comparable and ship operators want more flexible operations allowing partial fillings in tanks, the coupling effect between ship motions and sloshing requires further investigation, including the effect of ship distortion.The previous study on coupling between rigid body and sloshing shows good agreement between methods of prediction and measurements[1,2]. Hence, in this paper the potential flow approach adopted for the coupling effect between rigid body ship motion and sloshing is extended to flexible ship-partially filled tank system, using the de-singularised Rankine source method. In this case, the global deflection of the flexible ship is used for application of the body boundary condition on the partially filled tank. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of hull flexibility on the hydrodynamic forces and moments associated with liquid sloshing and vice versa, as well as the dynamic characteristics (e.g. resonance frequencies) of the whole system. As there are no experimental results available, the method is validated by comparing hydrodynamic forces from sloshing obtained using rigid and flexible body approaches. The coupling effect between flexible ship and sloshing in partially filled tanks is investigated for an idealized LNG Carrier in beam regular waves, considering different partial filling scenarios
Final report on EUROMET.L-S15.a (EUROMET Project 925): Intercomparison on step height standards and 1D gratings
No full textSUPPLEMENTARY COMPARISON
Measurements have been made at five national metrology institutes (NMIs) in the subject field of dimensional measurement using scanning probe microscopy. Four of the participating NMIs are in Europe, the fifth is in the Asia-Pacific region. Each NMI made measurements of four step height standards and two 1D grating standards. These are typical artefact standards used for dimensional nanometrology. Each participant used a different atomic force microscope to perform the measurements. The report lists the results obtained by the individual participants, as well as an analysis of the results and their uncertainties, based on calculation of the weighted means and En values. The results are in good agreement with one another
Salt release and performance of self-ice-melting epoxy asphalt pavement under accelerated loading simulation conditions
No full textTo evaluate the salt release and road performance of self-ice-melting asphalt pavements under the environment-load coupling, this study aims to determine the ice melting, road performance, and the internal void structure of self-ice-melting asphalt pavements under accelerated loading simulation conditions. First, an indoor accelerated loading simulation (rainfall, loading, rain-load coupling) test system (ALSTS) was established, and 1.2 million cyclic loading tests were carried out on ordinary and self-ice-melting epoxy asphalt pavements. Then, the conductivity measurement test, freezing force test, and ice melting test were determined under different salt release conditions. Furthermore, the laser rutting instrument, pendulum friction meter, and Universal Testing Software (UTS) were used to determine the evolutionary patterns of rutting depth, skidding resistance, and dynamic modulus. Finally, the change law of the internal pore structure was determined by CT tomography and image processing technology. The results show that the coupling accelerated the release of salt from the self-ice-melting asphalt pavement, which exacerbated the decay rate of its road performance. Compared with the individual impact of rainfall, the coupling increased the salt release by 47.9∼71.2 % and shortened the de-icing life by 7.3∼13.3 %. Adding epoxy asphalt mitigated this adverse effect, which slowed down road performance decay, increased the fatigue life by 50.5∼104.8 %, and extended the de-icing life by 14.1∼33.9 %. Adding epoxy asphalt effectively inhibited the growth of internal voids and the creation of connected voids in the specimen, improving the fatigue resistance of self-ice-melting asphalt pavement by the CT image analysis
Signification chrono-climatique de spéléothèmes laminés de Chine du Nord
No full textChronological and climatic signification of laminated speleothems in North China. Speleothems from North China show that many of them have very fine micro-layer growth. Most of these layers have bi-optical characters that can be observed under fluorescent and transmitted light. Hydrological analysis and radio-isotopic dating demonstrate that those layers are annually laminated. A Holocene stalagmite from Shihua Cave in Southwest Beijing presents thousands of micro-layers which are very similar to tree rings. Based on the measurements of the thickness of annual layers, short-term climatic changes over the last 1,130 years in the Beijing area are discussed.De nombreux spéléothèmes de Chine septentrionale présentent des micro-lamines d'accroissement. La plupart de ces lamines possèdent des caractéristiques bi-optiques, observables en lumière fluorescente ou transmise. Les analyses hydrologiques et les datations radio-isotopiques démontrent que ces lamines sont annuelles. Une stalagmite holocène de la grotte Shihua, localisée au sud-ouest de Beijing, présente des milliers de lamines qui sont très similaires aux cernes de croissance des arbres. Les mesures d'épaisseur des lamines annuelles permettent de connaître les changements climatiques à court terme dans la région de Beijing pour les 1 130 dernières années.Ming Tan, Tungsheng Liu, Xiaoguang Qin, Xianfeng Wang. Signification chrono-climatique de spéléothèmes laminés de Chine du Nord . In: Karstologia : revue de karstologie et de spéléologie physique, n°32, 2e semestre 1998. Grottes ornées de Bornéo (E Kalimantan) et Grotte de Blue Lagoon (Afrique du Sud) pp. 1-6
Efficient Mode-locked and Q-switched Nd∶YVO_4 Laser with Semiconductor Saturable Absorber Mirror
No full textWe reported an efficient diode pumped Nd ! YVO, 1 064 nm laser passively mode-locked and Q-switched by a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror(SESAM). At the incident pump power of 7. 5 W, 2. 81 W average output power was obtained during stable CW mode locking with a repetition rate of 111 MHz. The optical conversion efficiency was 37. 5% , and the slope efficiency was 39%. So far as we know, this is the highest optical-optical conversion efficiency with a SESAM at home
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