208 research outputs found
Comparison study of two surgical options for distal tibia fracture-minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis vs. open reduction and internal fixation
No full textThe aim of this study was to compare the results between two surgical options for distal tibia fracture, i.e. minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) vs. open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), and explore the benefits and defects of these two techniques. Thirty cases of distal tibia fracture (15 pairs of ORIF and MIPO) were submitted for pair comparison with consistence of gender, age and AO fracture classification. Indexes for evaluation included operative time, blood loss, healing time, time of recovery to work, implant irritation symptoms, and union status. Mazur grading standard was introduced for functional evaluation. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 13.0 was used for analysis. No malunion occurred and one case of osteomyelitis developed in the ORIF group. In the ORIF group, ten cases were evaluated as excellent, three as good, one as fair and one as poor. In the MIPO group, ten cases were excellent and five good. Paired t-test found no significant differences between groups on the indexes for analysis. In conclusion, the MIPO technique is not distinctively superior to ORIF in treatment of distal tibia fracture.OrthopedicsSCI(E)PubMed15ARTICLE5737-7423
Postoperative malrotation of humeral shaft fracture after plating compared with intramedullary nailing
No full textObjective: We supposed difference of rotation alignment of postoperative humeral shaft fracutres between open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) and intramedullay nailing (IMN) could be identified and the difference might influence the involved shoulder. This study evaluated and compared the extent of malrotation and shoulder function after humeral shaft fractures treated operatively with IMN or ORIF. Materials and methods: Fifty humeral shaft fractures were randomly allocated into 2 groups. Group I underwent antegrade IMN and group II underwent ORIF. Malrotation was measured postoperatively by computed tomography scan (CT). Fracture union and functional outcomes were recorded at 12 months. Results: The final analysis comprised 45 patients. Group I had lower functional scores than group II (P < .05). Internal malrotation of 20 degrees or more (humeral head internally rotated) was found in 27.2% of group I patients, but there was no malrotation in group II. The internal and external range of motion of the involved shoulder was significantly correlated with the degree of malrotation (P < .01). Discussion: This study comprehensively evaluated the degree of malrotation using CT scanning for every patient. These data bring to light some unexpected results about poor shoulder function and degeneration after humeral shaft fracture. The study can provide baseline data for larger series and longer follow-up periods. Conclusions: Patients who underwent IMN had lower functional scores and a decreased range of motion postoperatively and also had a greater degree of malrotation than the ORIF group, which had none. The degree of malrotation correlated with a decreased range of motion and may possibly be a reason for degenerative arthritis at long-term follow-up. Level of evidence: Level II, Randomized Controlled Trial, with Limited Power, Treatment Study. (C) 2011 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees.OrthopedicsSport SciencesSurgerySCI(E)PubMed9ARTICLE6947-9542
Issues of Balanced Scorecard and Its Implication for Chinese Companies
No full textThe BSC has been introduced by Robert Kaplan and David Norton for more than twenty years. Many researchers have widely investigated the advantages and challenges of implementing BSC. This paper aims to investigate issues of BSC implementation in Chinese companies through literature review, and provide implications for Chinese companies on BSC implementation taking into account the national cultural characteristics. In total, 48 BSC articles were reviewed out of which 41 articles identified worldwide issues on BSC implementation and 14 articles specifically dealt with issues of BSC implementation in China.
The findings show performance measures, reward system, top management involvement, communication and feedback, and employee involvement are the five most widely discussed issues in literature that relates to BSC implementation. Specifically, within the Chinese context, issues on senior management and employee involvement, communication, strategy, reward system, performance measures, information system and the level of management are important considerations influencing BSC implementation. In addition, the influence of Chinese culture on BSC application was discussed. Suggestions were provided for Chinese companies to better implement the BSC: (1) take the strategy as the orientation; (2) pay attention to top management; (3) balance performance indicators; (4) link BSC to incentive system; (5) improve enterprise information system; and (6) strengthen corporate culture construction.
Two limitations were considered in this study: (1) the articles on BSC implementation in China are limited; (2) it is possible that not all the useful data in the reviewed articles has been picked out and collected.
The study contributes to practice by identifying the challenges of BSC implementation from previous studies and provides an insight into BSC implementation in China. Future research may pay more attention on exploring the actual application of the BSC in Chinese companies
Limb reconstruction surgery in China: an evaluation of its role in the largest developing nation
No full textChina is the "economic tiger" of the twenty-first century. Its new economic policies have overturned the outlook and futures of many industries in this nation, and parallel to this industrial progress have been strides in medicine. However a country steeped in a history of several millennia does not replace generations of experience nor knowledge in a few decades. The author explores the history of limb reconstruction surgery in this country, setting it in context of a population exposed to both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.PubMed02-399-104
Application of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for in vitro investigation of meniscus and cartilage degeneration in the knee
No full textDamage to the meniscus and articular cartilage in the knee can lead to loss of function and compromise joint stability. This has led to the development of in vitro models to investigate the biomechanics and biotribological response of cartilage and menisci. In high-volume laboratory studies of cartilage tribology, it is important to measure cartilage loss after experiments. In order to understand the relationship between the structure and function of the meniscus in health and disease, it is essential to interrogate the internal structural components of the meniscus.
The aims of this project were to optimise protocols for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of menisci and articular cartilage in the knee in order to gain an increased understanding of their structure, and to detect and quantify morphological changes.
A novel porcine medial knee model was developed for creation of physiological cartilage damage using a friction simulator. The cartilage damage models were subject to in vitro MRI quantification at both 9.4 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla for the first time. The two customised MRI-based wear quantification methods were validated using Pycnometer measurements. In addition, a novel approach was developed at 9.4T MRI to non-destructively investigate intrameniscal architecture and damage.
Cartilage defect models were successfully created on the femoral condyle and tibia after friction simulator tests. The follow-up MRI investigation demonstrated the capability of MRI to assess cartilage defects using laboratory and clinical systems. At both of 9.4T and 3.0T, the two quantification methods were in excellent agreement with each other and with Pycnometer measurements. An optimised 10-hour 3D scan at 9.4T could clearly demonstrate 3D intrameniscal architecture.
The MRI quantification protocols showed promise for the non-destructive examination and quantification of cartilage defects in a large range of animal/human tissues after biomechanical/biotribological experiments. MRI at ultra-high-field strength also showed promise for the non-destructive examination of the intrameniscal structure in a 3D manner. The proof of concept measurements presented in this study illustrates the potential of non-destructive 3D MRI microscopy to bring a unique contribution to the field of functional cartilage/meniscus biomechanics and biotribology
Issues of Balanced Scorecard and Its Implication for Chinese Companies
No full textThe BSC has been introduced by Robert Kaplan and David Norton for more than twenty years. Many researchers have widely investigated the advantages and challenges of implementing BSC. This paper aims to investigate issues of BSC implementation in Chinese companies through literature review, and provide implications for Chinese companies on BSC implementation taking into account the national cultural characteristics. In total, 48 BSC articles were reviewed out of which 41 articles identified worldwide issues on BSC implementation and 14 articles specifically dealt with issues of BSC implementation in China.
The findings show performance measures, reward system, top management involvement, communication and feedback, and employee involvement are the five most widely discussed issues in literature that relates to BSC implementation. Specifically, within the Chinese context, issues on senior management and employee involvement, communication, strategy, reward system, performance measures, information system and the level of management are important considerations influencing BSC implementation. In addition, the influence of Chinese culture on BSC application was discussed. Suggestions were provided for Chinese companies to better implement the BSC: (1) take the strategy as the orientation; (2) pay attention to top management; (3) balance performance indicators; (4) link BSC to incentive system; (5) improve enterprise information system; and (6) strengthen corporate culture construction.
Two limitations were considered in this study: (1) the articles on BSC implementation in China are limited; (2) it is possible that not all the useful data in the reviewed articles has been picked out and collected.
The study contributes to practice by identifying the challenges of BSC implementation from previous studies and provides an insight into BSC implementation in China. Future research may pay more attention on exploring the actual application of the BSC in Chinese companies
Fingertip Reconstruction Using a Lateral Flap Based on the Distal Transverse Arch of the Digital Artery
No full text
Risk factors of bone cancer: Unveiling the causality and potential mechanism
No full textThe purpose of this study is to conduct a thorough evaluation of the risk factors associated with bone cancer and to explore the underlying mechanisms, which will aid in drawing conclusions for appropriate preventative guidelines. In this study, we will explore the causal association between potentially risk factors and bone cancer using a triangulation framework. First, we will perform a comprehensive literature search to identify potential risk factors. Second, we will conduct an observational study utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data to determine the associations between these risk factors and bone cancer. Third, for strengthen causal inference regarding the risk factors and bone cancer, we will utilize MR analysis. Finally, we further use pathway and functional enrichment analyses to explore the potential mechanism between risk factors and bone cancer
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