134,022 research outputs found
Wang Meng and contemporary Chinese literature: the vicissitudes of a committed writer
This thesis examines the way Wang Meng has developed as a writer from the 1950s to the 1990s in the context of New China's political and literary background. It looks at the compromises he was forced to make between his political beliefs in the Communist Party and his chosen role as a professional writer. After his disastrous early foray into what was deemed to be unacceptable political criticism with The Young Newcomer in the Organisation Department in the 1950s, when the opportunity came to start publishing again in the late 1970s he was boldly innovative in style, helping to transform New Period literature, but conservative in content, sticking to politically acceptable topics. It was only with Hard Porridge in 1989 that he ventured again, and very successfully, into political comment. There is no outstanding leading writer in contemporary China, but Wang Meng is a leading contender for the title
Corrigendum: Liu W-B, Wang C-Y, Tang Y-N, Wang Y, Pei W-X, Yan C-C (2024) Six new species of Cryptochironomus Kieffer (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the Nearctic region. ZooKeys 1200: 275–302. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1200.119225
Corrigendum: Liu W-B, Wang C-Y, Tang Y-N, Wang Y, Pei W-X, Yan C-C (2024) Six new species of Cryptochironomus Kieffer (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the Nearctic region. ZooKeys 1200: 275–302. https://doi.org/10.3897/ zookeys.1200.11922
Eugene Y. Wang, Shaping the Lotus Sutra. Buddhist Visual Culture in Medieval China, 2005
Wang Françoise. Eugene Y. Wang, Shaping the Lotus Sutra. Buddhist Visual Culture in Medieval China, 2005. In: Études chinoises, n°25, 2006. pp. 299-314
Biaxial negative thermal expansion in Zn[N(CN)2]2
Negative thermal expansion (NTE) has both scientific and application value as a novel physical behavior, but the types of NTE materials are still limited. In the present work, a framework structure material, metal dicyanamide Zn[N(CN)2]2, has been found to show biaxial negative thermal expansion in a wide temperature range (αa = −11.82 × 10−6 K−1, αb = −11.75 × 10−6 K−1 from 173 K–473 K). Through a joint study of variable temperature X-ray diffraction, extended X-ray absorption fine structure, Raman spectroscopy, and the maximum entropy method, the NTE mechanisms in Zn[N(CN)2]2 have been revealed. The pronounced transverse vibration of C atoms in the multiatomic bridge linkage –NC–N– and the rotation of ZnN4 tetrahedra play a key role in biaxial negative thermal expansion. This work provides a new class of potential framework structure NTE materials
Note on "On the Diophantine equation nx2 + 22m = y n" [Y. Wang, T. Wang, J. Number Theory 131 (8) (2011) 1486-1491]
This note presents corrections to the paper by Y. Wang and T. Wang (2011) [2]. The unique theorem given in that paper states that for any odd integer n > 1, nx(2) + 2(2m) = y(n) has no positive integer solution (x, y, m) with gcd(x,y) = 1. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Designing role-based view for object-relational databases
In a federated database system, a view mechanism is crucial since it is used to define exportable subsets of data ; to perform a virtual restructuring d ataset; and to construct the integrated schema. The view service in federated databa se systems must be capable of retaining as much semantic information as possible. The object-oriented ( 0 - 0 ) model was considered the suitable canonical data model since it meets the original criteria for canonical model selection. However, with the emergence of stronger object-relational (0 -R ) model, the re is a clear argument for using an 0 - R canonical model in the federation. Hence, research should now focus on th e development of semantically powerful view mechanism for th e newer model. Meanwhile, the availability of real 0 -R technologies offers researchers the opportunity to develop different forms of view mechanisms.
The concept of roles has been widely studied in 0 - 0 modelling and development. The role model represents some characteristics that the traditional 0-0 model lacked, such as object migration, multiple occurrences and context-dependent access. While many forms of 0-0 views were designed for the 0-0 canonical model, one option was to extend the 0-0 model to incorporate a role model. In a role model, the real entity is modelled in the form of a role rather than an object. An object represents the permanent properties of an entity is a root object; and an object represents the temporary properties of an entity is a role object.
The contribution of this research is to design a view system that employees the concept of roles for the 0 -R canonical model in a federated database system. In this thesis, an examination of the current 0 -R metamodel is provided first in order to provide an environment for recognising the roleview metadata and measuring the view performance; then a Roleview Definition Language (RDL) is introduced, along with the semantics for defining virtual classes and generating virtua l extents; finally, a working prototype is provided to prove th e role-based view system is implementable and the syntax is semantically correct
Polypedilum (Tripodura) bilamella Zhang & Wang, sp. n.
Polypedilum (Tripodura) bilamella Zhang & Wang sp. n. (Figure 4) Polypedilum (Tripodura) pullum (Zettstedt), sensu Wang, 2000: 646. Type material. Holotype (BDN. 10066), male, CHINA, Xizang Autonomous Region, Ya’dong County, Yacheng, 26. VIII. 2003, light trap, H. Xue. Paratypes: 1 male, Hubei Province, Shengnongjia Natural Conversation, Hongping, 1800m, 18. VII. 1997, light trap, Y. Du. 3 males, Sichuan Province, Guanxian County, 11. VII. 1985, light trap, X. Wang. 3 males, Sichuan Province, Luding County, 7. VI. 1996, light trap, X. Wang. 6 males, Sichuan Province, Kangding County, Zheduo River, 2120m, light trap, 8. VI. 1996, X. Wang. 3 males, Sichuan Province, Yajiang County, Sandaoqiao, 2460m, 9. VI. 1996, sweep net, X. Wang. 8 males, Sichuan Province, Xiangcheng County, Shuoqu River, 2750m, 12. VI. 1996, light trap, X. Wang. 3 males, Sichuan Province, Garzê County, Yajiang, 2830m, 14. VI. 1996, light trap, X. Wang. 1 male, Sichuan Province, Kangding County, Wasigou, 2000m, light trap, 15. VI. 1996, X. Wang. 2 males, Sichuan Ya’an City, Zhougong River, 18. VI. 1996, light trap, X. Wang. 6 males, Sichuan Province, Baoxing County, Xilong Town, 1100m, 19. VI. 1996, light trap, X. Wang. 4 males, Yunnan Province, Dali City, Diancangshan, 2520m, 23, V. 1996, light trap, B. Wang. 3 males, Yunnan Province, Eryuan County, Niujie Township, Futianlin, Meici River, 2262m, light trap, 24. V. 1996. C. Zhou. 1 male, Shannxi Province, Zhouzhi County, Banfangzi Town, 10. VIII 1994, W. Bu. 1 male, Shannxi Province, Ningshan County, Xunyangba, 16. VIII. 1994, sweep net, B. Wen. 5 males, Gansu Province, Yuzhong County, Xinlong Mountain, 2200m, 30–31. VII. 1993, sweep net, W. Bu. 1 male, Gansu Province, Yuzhong County, Maxian Mountain, 5. VIII. 1993, sweep net, W. Bu. 1 male, Gansu Province, Yongdeng County, Liancheng Township, Tulugou, 2300m, 16. VIII. 1993, light trap, W. Bu. 13 males, Ningxia Autonomous Region, Liuban Mountain Natural Converse, 6. VIII. 1987, X. Wang. Etymology. From Latin, bi, two and lamella, lamella, thin plate, referring to the anal point with two dorsal lobed lamellae. Diagnostic characters. Wing is full of gray marking. Anal point bears tow dosal lobed lamellae. Lateral projection of anal point is well developed. Male imago (n= 20). Total length 2.10–3.60, 2.89 mm. Wing length 1.43–2.10, 1.78 mm. Total length/ wing length 1.39–1.88, 1.63. Wing length/ length of profemur 2.17–2.82, 2.56. Coloration. Head dark brown. Thorax yellowish brown to dark brown. Legs yellowish brown to brown, femora with pale sub-apical ring. Abdominal segments yellowish brown to brown. Head. AR 0.40–0.73, 0.54. Ultimate flagellomere 90–410, 250 µm long. Temporal setae 10 –14, 12; including 2 –4, 3 inner verticals; 4 –8, 5 outer verticals and 2 –6, 4 postorbitals. Clypeus with 13 –27, 19 setae. Tentorium 100– 150, 118 µm long; 20 –35, 26 µm wide. Palpomere lengths (in µm): 28 –50, 37; 30 –48, 38; 75 –113, 96; 90–128, 109; 173–228, 192. Wing (Figure 4 A). Wing widely coved with obscure markings. VR 1.19–1.35, 1.29. R with 14 –25, 20 setae; R 1 with 11 –20, 15; R 4 + 5 with 22 –38, 29. Squama with 6 –16, 10 setae. Thorax. Dorsocentrals 17 –24, 20, including 2 –4, 3 humerals; acrostichals 13 –22, 18; prealars 4 –7, 5. Scutellum with 12 –28, 18 setae. Legs. Terminal scale (Figure 4 B) of front tibia 33 –55, 44 µm long, triangular and apically pointed. Spur of middle tibia 40 –65, 49 um long including 20 –33, 26 µm long comb, un-spurred comb 18 –28, 23 µm long, spur of hind tibia 40 –65, 52 µm long including 25 –40, 30 µm long comb, un-spurred comb 23 –38, 28 µm long. Width at apex of front tibia 40 –53, 46 µm, of middle tibia 43 –65, 51 µm, of hind tibia 45 –70, 59 µm. Lengths (in µm) and proportions of legs as in Table 1. Hypopygium (Figure 4 C–E). Anal tergite bands fused basal. Tergite IX with 6 –18, 10 median setae. Laterosternite with 2 –3, 2 setae. Anal point 53 –88, 72 µm long, lateral projection 13 –33, 22 µm long. Phallapodeme 65 –100, 89 µm long; transverse sternapodeme 25 –53, 42 µm long. Gonocoxite 103–163, 136 µm long. Superior volsella (Figure 4 C) pad–like, expanded distally, with 5–6 short inner setae and 2–3 long apical setae. Inferior volsella 95–140, 120 µm long, with 8 –13, 11 setae. Gonostylus 120–193, 164 µm long, with 5–7 long setae along inner margin. HR 0.69–0.92, 0.83. HV 1.53–1.94, 1.77. Distribution. It was collected from both Palaearctic and Oriental China. Remarks. The present new species is very close to P. (T.) decematoguttatum (Tokunaga), P. (T.) napahaiense Zhang & Wang sp. n. and P. (T.) mengmanense Zhang & Wang sp. n. in male hypopygial morphology that the anal point bears two dorsal lobed lamellae. We must be very careful when we observe above 4 species under microscope, because the dorsal lobed lamellae is transparent and easy to ignore in dorsal view. The above 4 species show a bit difference in wing markings and the length of lateral projection of anal point; Song et al. (2016) have certified these bit differences can result in inter-specific divergence by molecular data. Wang (2000) had wrongly identified some specimens of P. (T.) bilamella Zhang & Wang sp. n. collected from Ningxia Autonomous region as P. (T.) pullum (Zetterstedt).Published as part of Zhang, Ruilei, Song, Chao, Qi, Xin & Wang, Xinhua, 2016, Taxonomic review on the subgenus Tripodura Townes (Diptera: Chironomidae: Polypedilum) from China with eleven new species and a supplementary world checklist, pp. 1-53 in Zootaxa 4136 (1) on pages 10-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4136.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/39978
Mucor tofus Y. N. Wang & R. Y. Zheng 2022, sp. nov.
Mucor tofus Y. N. Wang & R. Y. Zheng, sp. nov. Fig. 3 Index Fungorum: IF559755 Etymology:— Referring to the substrate tofu, a soft white or brown food made from soybeans, from which the species was first isolated. Typification:— CHINA. Anhui Province: Xiuning County, Lantian Town, from raw Mao-tofu, 5 April 2021, Yaning Wang, HMAS 352141 (holotype); prepared from CGMCC 3.16317 (ex-holotype). Description: — Colonies on PDA attaining 9 cm diam. and 25 mm in height after 4 days incubation at 24 °C, growing well at 20–26 °C, development ceased at 33 °C or above, deep olive-buff (Ridgway Plate XL); reverse olivebuff (Ridgway Plate XL). Tall sporangiophores arising directly from the substrate, erect, (10–)15–30 µm in diam. and up to 10 mm in length, often with irregular swelling and no septation when young, then smooth and septate with age, with or without yellowish contents, numerous droplets adhering to walls; lateral sporangiophores sympodially branched, (3–)5–10 µm diam. and 80–340 µm long, smooth, with one septum, hyaline. Sporangia globose and multispored, initially yellowish then yellowish-brown, axial ones 70–260 µm, lateral ones 40–100 µm, walls covered with fine spines, breaking. Columellae obovoid, 30–170 × 35–210 µm, pyriform to cylindric, 50–190 × 70–120 µm, mostly hyaline, rarely yellowish. Collars present or absent. Sporangiospores irregular in shape and size, 8–20(–25) × 5–15(– 20) µm when ovoid to cylindrical-ellipsoid, 10–25 × 8–20 µm when irregular, hyaline, smooth. Chlamydospores not observed. Zygospores unknown. Material examined: — CHINA. Anhui Province: Xiuning County, Lantian Town, from the surface of raw Maotofu, 5 April 2021, Ya-ning Wang, cultures CGMCC 3.16316 and CGMCC 3.16317.Published as part of Wang, Ya-Ning & Zheng, Ru-Yong, 2022, Mucor tofus, a new species isolated from Mao-tofu (a fermented soybean food) in China, pp. 233-244 in Phytotaxa 567 (3) on pages 238-239, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.567.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/715668
Polypedilum (Tripodura) falcatum Zhang, Song, Wang & Wang, 2015, sp. n.
Polypedilum (Tripodura) falcatum sp. n. (Figs 1 A–H) Type material. Holotype: male (BDN. 12654), CHINA: Sichuan Province, Garzê County, Yajiang, 2830m, 14. VI. 1996, light trap, X. Wang. Paratypes: 19 males. 9 males: Sichuan Province, Baoxing County, Xilong Town, 1100m, 19. VI. 1996, light trap, X. Wang. 1 male: Sichuan Province, Daocheng County, Sang dui, 3730m, 10. VI. 1996, X. Wang. 4 males: Sichuan Province, Daocheng County, Daocheng River, 3700m, 11. VI. 1996, X. Wang. 1 male: Sichuan Province, Litang District, Shiliang River under Zhaisang Bridge, 3520m, sweep net, 13. VI. 1996, X. Wang. 2 males: Sichuan Province, Yajiang County, Xinduqiao, 3150m, sweep net, 9. VI. 1996, Y, Du. 2 males: Ningxia Autonomous Region, Liupan Mountain Natural Conversation, 6. VIII. 1987, sweep net, X. Wang. Etymology. The species name is from Latin “ falcatus ”, means sickle-shaped, referring to the shape of the superior volsella of P. (T.) falcatum sp. n. Diagnostic characters. The new species can be distinguished from other allied species by the following combination of characters: presence of 2 areas of faint markings on wing; superior volsella sickle-shaped with 0–2 outer setae; a tuft of short setae present or absent dorsally on apical inner margin of superior volsella; inferior volsella straight, uniformly tapering towards apex, bilobed apically. Description. Male imago (n = 9). Total length 2.03–2.90, 2.52 mm. Wing length 1.35–1.88, 1.63 mm. Total length/ wing length 1.81–2.15, 1.98. Wing length / length of profemur 2.11–2.85, 2.58. Coloration. Head brown. Thorax brown with darker vittae, postnotum, preepisternum, scutellum; halteres yellowish brown. Coloration of legs variable: all legs entirely yellow; or all femora brown with darker apices, fore tibiae and tarsi brown, tibiae and tarsi of mid and hind legs yellow. Abdominal segments yellow to yellowish brown. Head. AR 0.65–0.80, 0.72. Ultimate flagellomere 310–360, 340 µm long. Temporal setae 10 –12, 11, including 2 –3, 2 inner verticals, 4 –5, 5 outer verticals and 3 –5, 4 postorbitals. Clypeus with 12 –17, 14 setae. Tentorium 90–110, 102 µm long, 23 –35, 28 µm wide. Palp 5 -segmented, length (in µm) of palpomeres: 25 –35, 31; 30 –35, 33; 70 –93, 83; 85–108, 102; 140–175, 158; the 3 rd segment bearing 2–3 sensilla chaetica. Wing (Fig. 1 A). VR 1.33–1.42, 1.38. R with 15 –20, 17, R 1 with 9 –14, 12, R 4 + 5 with 20 –28, 24 setae. Squama with 4 –5, 4 setae. Wing with two areas of faint markings, one at the middle of the anal cell, one at the base of cell m 3 + 4 and across vein Cu 1. Thorax. Dorsocentrals 9 –13, 11; acrostichals 12 –17, 14; prealars 3 –4, 4. Scutellum with 5 –9, 6 setae. Legs. Terminal scale (Fig. 1 B) of front tibia 38 –50, 44 µm long, triangular and pointed apically. Spur of median tibiae 38 –43, 40 um long including 18 –23, 21 µm long comb, un-spurred comb 18 –23, 20 µm long; spur of posterior tibia 43 –50, 47 µm long including 23 –30, 26 µm long comb, un-spurred comb 18 –28, 23 µm long. Width at apex of front tibia 40 –45, 43 µm, of median tibia 40 –56, 46 µm, of hind tibia 48 –60, 53 µm. Lengths (in m) and proportions of legs as in Table 1. Hypopygium (Fig. 1 C –I). Tergite IX subrectangular, with 2–3 setae placed medially on the base of anal point; anal tergite bands short, thickly bent downwards and terminating abruptly well before the median area of the IX th tergum. Laterosternite with 1–2 setae. Anal point broad, 45 –65, 57 µm long; the lateral projections weak (Fig. 1 H), or absent, only with shoulders on tergite IX (Fig. 1 C); dorsally, with a V-shaped ridge bearing 5–6 short setae on each side. Phallapodeme 63 –88, 74 µm long; transverse sternapodeme 25 –40, 32 µm long. Superior volsella (Fig. 1 D–G) sickle-like, with 0–2 outer setae, a tuft of short setae present or absent dorsally on the apex of inner margin. Inferior volsella 75 –108, 90 m long, straight, gradually narrowed towards apex, bilobed apically; dorsally with 9–12 curved setae and a long apical seta. Gonocoxite 105–125, 117 µm long. Gonostylus 113–133, 122 µm long, with 3–4 long setae in 1 row along inner margin. HR 0.88–1.03, 0.96. HV 1.76–2.22, 2.06. Distribution. The species is known from both the Palaearctic and Oriental regions of China. Remarks. The male adult of the new species resembles those of P. (T.) acifer Townes and P. (T.) sidoniensis Moubayed in having a sickle-like superior volsella, and a broad and apically rounded anal point. Main distinguishing characters between them are given in Table 2. A tuft of short setae on apical inner Present or absent Absent Present margin of superior volsella Inferior volsella Apically bilobed and narrowed Parallel-sided Broad apically Special attention should be paid to the variations in the lateral projection of the anal point, and the superior volsella in the new species. In this study, 20 specimens were examined. Nine specimens have weak lateral projections beside the anal point (Fig. 1 H), other 11 specimens only with shoulders on tergite IX (Fig. 1 C). One specimen has no outer seta on both superior volsellae (Fig. 1 D); one specimen has 1 outer seta on one superior volsella (Fig. 1 G) and has 2 outer setae on the other superior volsella (Fig. 1 F); eighteen specimens have one outer seta on both superior volsellae. Eight specimens have a tuft of short setae on the apical inner margin of the superior volsella (Fig. 1 F. G), the remaining specimens lack thsese setae. Similar variations were observed in P. (Uresipedilum) cultellatum Goetghebuer (Niitsuma, 1992; Zhang & Wang, 2004.), P. (Polypedilum) iriofegeum Sasa & Suzuki (Sasa & Suzuki, 2001) and P. (Pentapedilum) sordens (van der Wulp) (Sasa, 1985). Presence or absence of outer setae of the superior volsella is a key character to separate the nubifer and the nubeculosum groups in the subgenus Polypedilum s. str. (Sasa & Kikuchi, 1995; Saether & Sundal 1999). Position of the outer seta of superior volsella is often used as an important character in phylogenetic analysis (Vårdal et. al. 2002, Saether et. al. 2010.). Based on foregoing remarks, the different number and positions of the outer seta on the apical projection of the superior volsella may be intraspecific variations.Published as part of Zhang, Ruilei, Song, Chao, Wang, Liqing & Wang, Xinhua, 2015, Two new species of the acifer species group of Polypedilum subgenus Tripodura Townes from China (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 571-578 in Zootaxa 3918 (4) on pages 572-573, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3918.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/23863
Ophiocordyceps furcatosubulata H. Yu, Y. Wang & Y. B. Wang 2021, sp. nov.
Ophiocordyceps furcatosubulata H. Yu, Y. Wang & Y.B. Wang, sp. nov. (Figure 2) MycoBank MB 836253 Etymology:— furcatosubulata, referring to the furcate and subulate sterile apices. Holotype:— CHINA. Yunnan Province: Puer City, Simao District, Xinfang Reservoir (N 22°42′40.74″, E 100°57′27.81″), alt. 1348 m, on the larva of elaterid beetle buried in soil, 7 October 2019, Yao Wang (YHH 17005, holotype; YFCC 904, ex-holotype culture). Sexual morph: — Stromata single, solid, yellow to brown, arising from the head of host, 40–80 mm long, 1.5–2.2 mm wide. Stipes clavate, slender, 1.5–2.1 mm wide. Fertile parts cylindrical, yellow to brown with dark brown ostioles, 7.2–14.1 mm long, 1.7–2.2 mm diam, often with a sterile apex. Sterile apices pale yellow, furcate and subulate, 2–6 branches, 4.0–8.0 × 0.5 mm. Perithecia immersed, long ovoid or pyriform, 289.6–405.8 × 87.0–159.2 µm. Asci hyaline, cylindrical, 138.8–202.5 × 4.3–6.0 μm. Apical cap prominent and thick, hemiglobose to taper, 4.2– 5.7 µm wide, 2.4–5.1 µm high. Ascospores hyaline, filiform, multi-septate, finally breaking into secondary ascospores. Secondary ascospores cylindrical, 3.7–5.3 × 1.3–2.0 µm. Asexual morph: —Colonies on PDA growing very slowly, reaching 18–21 mm (19 ± 1.7 mm) diam after 3 months at 25 °C, hard, irregular swell or flat, white to grey, reverse pale brown. Hyphae hyaline, septate, branched, smoothwalled, 1.2–3.6 μm wide. Conidiophores cylindrical, 8.1–25.4 × 1.6–3.3 µm. Conidiogenous cells polyphialidic or rarely monophialidic, forming on conidiophores or side branches, hyaline, with a slender or subulate base, tapering gradually or abruptly into a thin neck, smooth-walled or verruculose, 3.5–15.8 × 0.9–1.7 µm. Conidia hyaline, solitary, aseptate, smooth-walled, broadly ellipsoid or ellipsoid, 1.5–2.5 × 1.2–1.9 µm. Chlamydospores present. Host: —Larvae of elaterid beetles, 18.0– 31.3 mm long, 1.9–3.4 mm wide. Other material examined: — VIETNAM. Nghe An Province: Pu Mat National Park (N 18°55′45.24″, E 104°35′20.26″), alt. 620 m, on the larva of elaterid beetle buried in soil, 28 April 2017, Yuan-Bing Wang (YHH 17001; YFCC 902); LAOS. Oudomxay Province: Muang Xay County, Nagang Village (N 20°42′51.38″, E 102°5′44.48″), alt. 698 m, on the larva of elaterid beetle buried in soil, 29 July 2019, Yao Wang (YHH 17003; YFCC 903); CHINA. Yunnan Province: Dai Autonomous Prefecture of Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Mohan (N 21°10′54.15″, E 101°43′30.71″), alt. 879 m, on the larva of elaterid beetle buried in soil, 5 October 2019, Hong Yu (YHH 17006). Known distribution:— China, Vietnam and Laos.Published as part of Wang, Yao, Wu, Hui-Juan, Tran, Ngoc Lan, Zhang, Guo-Dong, Souvanhnachit, Sisommay, Wang, Yuan-Bing & Yu, Hong, 2021, Ophiocordyceps furcatosubulata, a new entomopathogenic fungus parasitizing beetle larvae (Coleoptera: Elateridae), pp. 268-278 in Phytotaxa 482 (3) on pages 273-274, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.482.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/541948
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