452 research outputs found
Moelleriella puerensis H. Yu, Z. Q. Wang & Y. Wang 2022, sp. nov.
No full textMoelleriella puerensis H. Yu, Z. Q. Wang & Y. Wang, sp. nov. Etymology:— Named after Puer City, where the species was first collected. Holotype:— CHINA. Yunnan Province, Puer City, Simao District, Xinfang Reservoir (N22°28’12”, E 100°57’12”), alt. 1371 m, on whiteflies on abaxial surface of leaves, 7 October 2019, H. Yu (YHH10001, holotype; YFCC 8615, ex-holotype culture); Ibid., (YHH 10002, paratype; YFCC 8625, ex-paratype living culture); Ibid., (YHH 10003, paratype; YFCC 8625 ex-paratype living culture). Sexual morph:— Stromata generally effuse to thin pulvinate with pronounced ovoid tubercles on periphery of stroma, pale yellow, 1.5–3.6 mm in diameter, opaque. Hyphae loose textura intricata to epidermoidea. Perithecia 280–520 × 425–600 µm, fully embedded, ostioles orange, numerous perithecia (>10) per stroma, subglobose to ovoid. Asci 130–285 × 6.0–12.5 µm, cylindrical, hyaline. Apical cap hemispherical, 3.5–5.0 × 6.0–8.5 µm. Ascospores as long as asci, hyaline, filiform, multi-septate, smooth, disarticulating into secondary spores. Secondary spores 7.9–13 × 2.3–3.5 µm, fusiform with rounded ends. Asexual morph:— Sexual and asexual morph usually existing in the same stroma, exclusively anamorphic stromata pulvinate with sloping sides (convex), pale yellow to orange. Conidiomata aggregated in center of stroma, simple depressions of the surface without distinct rims, several conidiomata per stroma, fusing with neighboring ones, widely open. Conidial masses orange. In section, conidioma flask-shaped or irregular, shallow, 150–180 × 130–170 µm, with phialides formed in a thick compact palisade. Phialides 9–30 × 1–2 µm, cylindrical, slightly tapering towards tip, Conidia 9.7–13.4 × 1.3–2.3 µm hyaline, smooth, one-celled, fusoid, with acute ends, Paraphyses present. Colonies on PDA at 25°C slow-growing, tomentose, compact, pale yellow. Conidial masses circularly arranged towards center of colonies, abundant, confluent and deep orange. Conidia 11.2–17 × 2.1–3.1 µm. Paraphyses absent. Hirsutella -like synanamorph is present. Phialides 8.5–48.6 × 0.5–1.5 µm, flask-shaped, with a long neck 5.6–41.5 µm long. Known distribution:— Puer City, Yunnan Province, China. Notes:— Moelleriella puerensis was similar to M. raciborskii. However, the teleomorph of M. puerensis differed from M. raciborskii in having longer asci and shorter secondary spores (Liu et al. 2006). The anamorph of M. puerensis differed from M. raciborskii by having shorter conidia; the conidia formed in PDA was wider than M. raciborskii (Liu et al. 2006).Published as part of Wang, Zhi-Qin, Wang, Yao, Wang, Yuan-Bing & Yu, Hong, 2022, A new species of Moelleriella from Yunnan Province in Southwestern China, pp. 187-194 in Phytotaxa 555 (2) on pages 191-192, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.555.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/687607
An improved artificial neural network using multi-source data to estimate food temperature during multi-temperature delivery
Full text linkProduct temperature deviation is an important concern in the cold chain management and monitoring of food. Existing “rule-based” monitoring solutions are limited to the direct use of air temperature data of the vehicle used for transport, which can differ significantly from the real temperature of the food being assessed. Thus, this study focuses on developing a new artificial neural network model to precisely estimate the temperature of food products that are stored in multi-temperature refrigerated transport vehicles with minimum sensors. In addition to identifying the temperature in the car, the model also receives input from a multi-source dataset that includes various information such as the outside temperature, initial food temperature, door status, loading and unloading times, etc. The result of the study suggests that the proposed model could substantially enhance estimation accuracy and reliability with fewer temperature sensors in the transport vehicle. It was found that the root mean square error of food temperature estimation based on this model could be decreased by 77% and 79% for chilled and frozen zones, respectively. Moreover, long short-term memory and deep neural networks could avoid overfitting and reduce their estimation errors by about 55% and 48%, when compared to a back propagation neural network. Based on sensitivity analysis, food temperature estimation is significantly influenced by the product's initial temperature and the cumulative time that a door is open. The proposed model could precisely track the real-time food temperature even with sudden ambient changes, thus enabling precautions to take place when required
Ophiocordyceps furcatosubulata H. Yu, Y. Wang & Y. B. Wang 2021, sp. nov.
No full textOphiocordyceps furcatosubulata H. Yu, Y. Wang & Y.B. Wang, sp. nov. (Figure 2) MycoBank MB 836253 Etymology:— furcatosubulata, referring to the furcate and subulate sterile apices. Holotype:— CHINA. Yunnan Province: Puer City, Simao District, Xinfang Reservoir (N 22°42′40.74″, E 100°57′27.81″), alt. 1348 m, on the larva of elaterid beetle buried in soil, 7 October 2019, Yao Wang (YHH 17005, holotype; YFCC 904, ex-holotype culture). Sexual morph: — Stromata single, solid, yellow to brown, arising from the head of host, 40–80 mm long, 1.5–2.2 mm wide. Stipes clavate, slender, 1.5–2.1 mm wide. Fertile parts cylindrical, yellow to brown with dark brown ostioles, 7.2–14.1 mm long, 1.7–2.2 mm diam, often with a sterile apex. Sterile apices pale yellow, furcate and subulate, 2–6 branches, 4.0–8.0 × 0.5 mm. Perithecia immersed, long ovoid or pyriform, 289.6–405.8 × 87.0–159.2 µm. Asci hyaline, cylindrical, 138.8–202.5 × 4.3–6.0 μm. Apical cap prominent and thick, hemiglobose to taper, 4.2– 5.7 µm wide, 2.4–5.1 µm high. Ascospores hyaline, filiform, multi-septate, finally breaking into secondary ascospores. Secondary ascospores cylindrical, 3.7–5.3 × 1.3–2.0 µm. Asexual morph: —Colonies on PDA growing very slowly, reaching 18–21 mm (19 ± 1.7 mm) diam after 3 months at 25 °C, hard, irregular swell or flat, white to grey, reverse pale brown. Hyphae hyaline, septate, branched, smoothwalled, 1.2–3.6 μm wide. Conidiophores cylindrical, 8.1–25.4 × 1.6–3.3 µm. Conidiogenous cells polyphialidic or rarely monophialidic, forming on conidiophores or side branches, hyaline, with a slender or subulate base, tapering gradually or abruptly into a thin neck, smooth-walled or verruculose, 3.5–15.8 × 0.9–1.7 µm. Conidia hyaline, solitary, aseptate, smooth-walled, broadly ellipsoid or ellipsoid, 1.5–2.5 × 1.2–1.9 µm. Chlamydospores present. Host: —Larvae of elaterid beetles, 18.0– 31.3 mm long, 1.9–3.4 mm wide. Other material examined: — VIETNAM. Nghe An Province: Pu Mat National Park (N 18°55′45.24″, E 104°35′20.26″), alt. 620 m, on the larva of elaterid beetle buried in soil, 28 April 2017, Yuan-Bing Wang (YHH 17001; YFCC 902); LAOS. Oudomxay Province: Muang Xay County, Nagang Village (N 20°42′51.38″, E 102°5′44.48″), alt. 698 m, on the larva of elaterid beetle buried in soil, 29 July 2019, Yao Wang (YHH 17003; YFCC 903); CHINA. Yunnan Province: Dai Autonomous Prefecture of Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Mohan (N 21°10′54.15″, E 101°43′30.71″), alt. 879 m, on the larva of elaterid beetle buried in soil, 5 October 2019, Hong Yu (YHH 17006). Known distribution:— China, Vietnam and Laos.Published as part of Wang, Yao, Wu, Hui-Juan, Tran, Ngoc Lan, Zhang, Guo-Dong, Souvanhnachit, Sisommay, Wang, Yuan-Bing & Yu, Hong, 2021, Ophiocordyceps furcatosubulata, a new entomopathogenic fungus parasitizing beetle larvae (Coleoptera: Elateridae), pp. 268-278 in Phytotaxa 482 (3) on pages 273-274, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.482.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/541948
Enhancing electricity resilience in typhoon-prone coastal communities in the Philippines
No full textElectricity systems in rural, typhoon-prone coastal communities in the Philippines face significant challenges due to frequent and intense weather disturbances. Despite the vital relevance of electrical sociotechnical resilience in the off-grid rural coastal communities in the Philippines, there is a lack of thorough understanding and effective solutions to how electricity sociotechnical systems become resilient to extreme weather events. The aim of this study was to identify the hazards, vulnerabilities, and risks associated with weather extremes, assess their impacts, and analyse the coping strategies adopted by the communities. To achieve this, the study employed a mixed-methods approach including both qualitative and quantitative methods. Using qualitative methods from interviews, focus group discussions, and site visits, we found that typhoons trigger other hazards, such as storm surges, landslides, and strong winds, which damage electricity infrastructure. Technical vulnerabilities, such as ageing infrastructure, workforce challenges, and interconnections with other critical infrastructure sectors, amplified the destructive impacts of these hazards on electricity systems. Social vulnerabilities, including low-income households, the location and accessibility of essential services, and communication barriers, further exacerbated these impacts. These hazards and vulnerabilities drive risks, particularly in electricity supply and distribution that cascade to communication and economic losses, and consequently, people’s well-being. Using a statistical analysis, the study survey revealed that the importance of social support networks, particularly those provided by government and non-governmental organizations, increased during and after disasters, underscoring their vital role in maintaining the resilience of electricity systems. Community preparedness was positively associated with all three dimensions of resilience: absorptive, transformative, and adaptive. Proactive measures such as disaster plans, trained personnel, prepositioned equipment, and alternative power sources were crucial for enhancing resilience. Reliable and trustworthy information sources were positively associated with absorptive and adaptive resilience, enabling informed decision-making and effective actions during crises. Higher education was significantly associated with greater absorptive capacity, promoting better preparedness and response to disasters. The study’s findings are required to provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, underscoring the need to comprehensively understand electricity systems as sociotechnical systems. This understanding is crucial for enhancing resilience, ensuring an approach that integrates technical/engineering robustness with social adaptability. Keywords: Hazards, Vulnerabilities, Risks, Impacts, Rural, Coastal Communities, Electricity Sociotechnical Systems, Resilience, Extreme Weather Events</p
Two Heuristics to the Share-of-Choice Product Line Design Problem
No full textTwo heuristics are proposed in this paper to solve the problem of constructing an optimal product line using partworth estimates from conjoint analysis. The objective of this NP-hard problem is to choose a level for each attribute to construct a product line so that the line\u27s share-of-choice is maximized. Existing solution approaches include heuristics that have been only tested on small simulated problems and an exact method that requires long run times when tested on a large commercial problem. Computational results demonstrate that one of our heuristics is capable of finding near optimal solution to large simulated and commercial problems in seconds. The performance of the other heuristic fluctuates with the degree of consumer heterogeneity in a sample
Erratum to: Comprehensive Study of Metamorphic Core Complex in Southern Liaodong Peninsula, NE China
No full textThrough this work and comprehensive research on a large amount of previous data, four metamorphic core complexes were identified in the south of Liaodong peninsula, which were respectively Jinzhou metamorphic core complex, Wanfu metamorphic core complex, Xinfang metamorphic core complex and Lizifang metamorphic core complex. Xinfang metamorphic core complex and Lizifang metamorphic core complex were discovered and proposed for the first time. They have kinematic unity, geometric asymmetry, tectonic magma joint activity and the difference in formation time
Multi-stakeholder initiatives and decarbonization in the European food supply chain
Full text linkThe European Green Deal is a political milestone aiming to promote a carbon-neutral economy in the European Union. Decarbonizing the complex food sector requires the unified interaction among effective climate policies, economic instruments, and initiatives involving multiple stakeholders. Despite increasing efforts to highlight the importance of innovations and finance to achieve sustainable food supply chains (FSC), comprehensive information about related opportunities and barriers to mitigating emissions in the food sector is still under-explored. To cover this gap, this paper applies an existing industrial policy framework under the lens of the EU FSC to identify potential strategies that should help achieve the needed financial means and innovation actions, as well as to gauge political alignment across FSC stages. Methodologically, the pillars proposed in the framework are linked to multi-stakeholders’ initiatives engaged in achieving net-zero emissions. The paper highlights three main implications of the identified interlinkages. First, political directionality related to the food sector should be more comprehensively tailored to account for the specificities of all stages of the FSC. Second, research and development projects shall likewise cover all stages, instead of emphasizing only food production and agricultural systems. Finally, multiple stakeholders are crucial as promoters of technology and innovation towards a green economy. Nevertheless, initiatives should be integrated into political discussions in order to promote civil awareness, sustainable food and services demand, aligned to political guidelines
Study on the scope for reconstruction of the grazing livestock sector of Xinjiang based on organic farming methods
Full text linkThis paper explores the feasibility of developing organic livestock farming in the pastoral area of Xinjiang, in order to address the problems of grassland degradation and to promote the sustainable development of the grazing livestock sector. Research shows that organic grazing farming may reduce the stocking rate of grassland and relieve the strained relationship between animal and grassland, as well between man and nature. As a result, the value of multifunctional grazing systems may be more widely recognized. As well as including production and economic objectives, cultural, social and environmental implications will also be taken into account. Additionally, herders may also have an improved source of income to poor rural people. The potential markets for organic products are very big and the traditional ruminant livestock husbandry systems in Xinjiang are very close to organic livestock farming. It is considered necessary to change from a production-oriented approach to farming system research to a wider consideration of the systems and policies needed to support the development of organic grazing livestock alongside consideration of how to fund the relevant research and training and establish the systems of quality guarantee associated with organic production.Grazing Livestock, Organic Farming, Xinjiang, China
Stability maintenance at the grassroots: China’s weiwen apparatus as a form of conflict resolution
No full textThis working paper explores the history and potential of “stability maintenance” (weiwen) as a form of conflict resolution in China. Its emphasis on conflict resolution is novel. Previous examinations of the weiwen apparatus have concentrated on its political function, namely to manage resistance within society and maintain the authority of the party-state. This avenue of investigation has proved fruitful as a means of characterising the political motivation and the higher-level strategies involved in stability maintenance. Nonetheless, there remain significant conceptual and empirical gaps relating to how stability maintenance offices and processes actually function, particularly out of larger cities and at local levels. The research described in this paper aims to consider the effectiveness of stability maintenance as a part of the “market” for conflict resolution in local China, and to test the hypothesis that conflict resolution as facilitated by weiwen is the most pragmatic and effective means of actually resolving conflicts in the current Chinese political context, notwithstanding the closeness of the stability maintenance discourse to state authority and its relative distance from rule of law-based methods of dispute resolution..
Dichlorido(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)manganese(II) hemihydrate
No full textIn the title compound, [MnCl2(C14H12N2)]&#183;0.5H2O, all of the non-H atoms apart from the Cl atom lie on a mirror plane and the methyl H atoms are disordered over two sites of equal occupancy about the mirror plane. The MnII ion is coordinated in a distorted tetrahedral environment by two N atoms of the phenanthroline ligand and two chloride ions. A half-occupancy solvent water molecule lies on a mirror plane and close to an inversion center
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