5,202 research outputs found
TW-01, a piperazinedione-derived compound, inhibits Ras-mediated cell proliferation and angioplasty-induced vascular restenosis
No full textPurpose: Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and restenosis. This study investigated piperazinedione derived compound TW-01-mediated inhibitory effects on VSMC proliferation and intimal hyperplasia.
Methods: Cell proliferation was determined using [H-3]-thymidine incorporation and MTT assay; cell cycle distribution was measured using flow cytometry; proteins and mRNA expression were determined using western blotting and RT-PCR analyses; DNA binding activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), as measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA); in vivo effects of TW-01 were determined using balloon angioplasty in the rat.
Results: TW-01 significantly inhibited cell proliferation. At the concentrations used, no cytotoxic effects were observed. Three predominant signaling pathways were inhibited by TW-01: (a) extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and its downstream effectors of c-fos, c-jun, and c-myc; (b) DNA binding activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B); and, (c) Akt/protein kinase B (PKB) and cell cycle progression. Furthermore, TW-01 also inhibited Ras activation, a shared upstream event of each of these signaling cascades. In vascular injury studies, oral administration of TW-01 significantly suppressed intimal hyperplasia induced by balloon angioplasty.
Conclusion: The present study suggests that TW-01 might be a potential candidate for atherosclerosis treatment. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Sulcolotis ovalis Liu & Wang & Guo & Chen & Wang 2022, sp. nov.
No full textSulcolotis ovalis Liu & Wang sp. nov. (Figs 3a–g) Diagnosis. This species is most similar to S. threadis sp. nov. in external appearance but can be distinguished from the latter by the penis guide shorter than parameres. In S. threadis sp. nov., the penis guide is nearly as long as parameres in lateral view. Description. TL: 2.63–2.86mm, TW: 2.26–2.37mm, TH: 1.37–1.59mm, TL/TW: 1.16–1.21, PL/PW: 0.28– 0.30, EL/EW: 0.94–0.99, HW/PW: 0.56–0.58, PW/TW: 0.63–0.64, HW/TW: 0.35–0.37, Eye W/HW: 0.43–0.46. Head reddish brown. Elytra reddish brown with a long ovate black spot situated at 1/3 elytral length to base. Underside yellowish brown, except metaventrite and the middle part of the first abdominal ventrite reddish brown. Body rounded, weakly convex, shiny and glabrous. Eyes finely faceted, interocular distance 0.45 times width of head. Frons broad with irregular transparent spots, punctures uniform and dense (Fig. 3c). Pronotum 0.64 times of elytral width (PW/TW=1:1.6), moderately transverse, punctures uniform and dense (Fig. 3c). Elytra with uniform and dense punctures (Figs 3a–c). Ventrite 6 subhemisphenical and ventrite 7 nearly straight (Fig. 3g). Male genitalia: penis relatively short and slender, apex pointed, penis capsule with nearly same length of inner arm and outer arm. Tegmen with penis guide in lateral view slender, widest at base, narrowing to apex, distinctly shorter than parameres. Type material. Holotype: ♂, Philippines, Butuan Mindanao, Baker (USNM). Paratypes: 2 ♀♀, same data as holotype (USNM). Distribution. Philippines (Mindanao). Etymology. The specific epithet is formed from the Latin noun ovalis, referring to elytra with a long ovate black spot.Published as part of Liu, Liyuan, Wang, Yan, Guo, Qiuhong, Chen, Xiaosheng & Wang, Xingmin, 2022, Three new species of the genus Sulcolotis Miyatake (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae Sticholotidini) from the Philippines, pp. 75-82 in Zootaxa 5168 (1) on pages 78-79, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/687646
Sulcolotis threadis Liu & Wang & Guo & Chen & Wang 2022, sp. nov.
No full textSulcolotis threadis Liu & Wang sp. nov. (Figs 1a–l) Diagnosis. This species can be easily separated from S. seminigra by the following characters: elytron yellow, with a large black spot situated at 1/3 elytral length to base. In S. seminigra, elytra are black in basal half and yellow in apical half, without dark spots. It is also similar to S. ovalis but can be separated from the latter by the bright yellow head and penis guide nearly as long as parameres. In S. ovalis, head is reddish brown and penis guide shorter than parameres. Description. TL: 2.73–3.07mm, TW: 2.30–2.52mm, TH: 1.51–1.56mm, TL/TW: 1.19–1.22, PL/PW: 0.26–0.29, EL/EW: 0.88–0.89, HW/PW: 0.56–0.63, PW/TW: 0.63–0.66, HW/TW: 0.38–0.40, Eye W/HW: 0.54–0.59. Head yellow. Pronotum, scutellar shield, and elytra bright yellow, with small dense punctures. Underside yellowish brown, except metaventrite and the middle part of the first ventrite blackish brown. Body rounded, weakly convex, dosally shiny and glabrous (Figs 2a–c). Head 0.39 times of elytral width (HW/ TW=1:2.6). Eyes finely faceted interocular distance 0.57 times of head width. Frons broad with punctures uniform and dense (Fig. 2c). Pronotum 0.65 times of elytral width (PW/TW=1:1.5), moderately transverse, punctures uniform (Figs 2a, c). Elytra with uniform and dense punctures (Figs 2a–c). Ventrite 6 of posterior margin at middle slightly concave and ventrite 7 subtrianglar (Fig. 2g). Male genitalia (Figs 2d–f): penis long and slender, apex pointed, penis capsule with inner arm reduced and outer arm well developed; tegmen with penis guide as long as parameres, in lateral view stout, widest at base, gradually narrowing to a pointed apex. Type material. Holotype: ♂, Philippines, Baguio, Benguet, Baker (USNM). Paratypes: 6♀, same data as holotype (USNM, ANIC); 1♂ 4♀, Philippines, Luzon– Benguet LaTrinidadv. 1914, G.Boellcher 6500’ (MNHB); 1♀, Philippines 1600m, Mindanao, 30 km W of MARAMAG, 28–30. Dec. Bolm 1gt. 1990 (BNHM). Distribution. Philippines (Mindanao, Luzon). Etymology. The specific name threadis is adopted as meaning thread, referring to its thin and long penis.Published as part of Liu, Liyuan, Wang, Yan, Guo, Qiuhong, Chen, Xiaosheng & Wang, Xingmin, 2022, Three new species of the genus Sulcolotis Miyatake (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae Sticholotidini) from the Philippines, pp. 75-82 in Zootaxa 5168 (1) on pages 77-78, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/687646
Sulcolotis xanthomarginalis Liu & Wang & Guo & Chen & Wang 2022, sp. nov.
No full textSulcolotis xanthomarginalis Liu & Wang sp. nov. (Figs 4a–g) Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from S. seminigra Miyatake and S. ovalis sp.nov by the nearly entirely black elytron. Description. TL: 2.31–2.79mm, TW: 1.75–2.18mm, TH: 1.25–1.82mm, TL/TW: 1.28–1.32; PL/PW: 0.23– 0.24; EL/EW: 1.05–1.10; HW/PW: 0.71–0.73; PW/TW: 0.66–0.67; HW/TW: 0.47–0.48; Eye W/HW: 0.40–0.45. Head and pronotum yellowish brown. Scutellar shield, and elytra blackish brown with yellowish brown margin. Underside yellowish brown; except metaventrite and the middle part of ventrite 1 reddish brown. Body rounded, strongly convex (Figs 4b, c). Head 0.48 times of elytral width (HW/TW=1:2.1), with sparse pubescence. Eyes finely faceted, interocular distance 0.43 times of head width. Frons broad, punctures uniform and dense (Figs 4c, d). Pronotum 0.67 times of elytral width (PW/TW=1:1.5), moderately transverse, punctures uniform (Figs 4a, c). Elytra with uniform and dense punctures (Figs 4a–c). Ventrite 6 subhemisphenical and posterior margin of ventrite 7 at middle strongly concave (Fig. 4g). Male genitalia: Penis relatively short, pointed and apically curved, capsule with nearly same length of inner and outer arm; tegmen with penis guide distinctly shorter than parameres, in lateral view widest, then gradually tapering to apex; penis guide in ventral view gradually narrowing to apex. Type material. Holotype: ♂, Philippines, Mt. Makiling, Luzon, Baker (USNM). Paratype: 2♂ 2♀, same data as holotype (USNM); 1♀, Philippines Malinao Tayabas Baker (USNM); 1♀, Philippines, S Luzon Quezon N. P (Lucena) 8–10. Jan. 1991 Bolm lgt., 250m (ANIC). Distribution. Philippines (Luzon). Etymology. The specific epithet is formed from the Greek noun Xanthus and Latin noun marginatus, referring to elytra with yellowish margin.Published as part of Liu, Liyuan, Wang, Yan, Guo, Qiuhong, Chen, Xiaosheng & Wang, Xingmin, 2022, Three new species of the genus Sulcolotis Miyatake (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae Sticholotidini) from the Philippines, pp. 75-82 in Zootaxa 5168 (1) on pages 79-80, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/687646
Liposomes/chitosan scaffold/human fibrin gel composite systems for delivering hydrophilic drugs--release behaviors of tirofiban in vitro.
No full textComparison of ranges of cervical motion measured by gravity-based goniometer and ultrasound-sensed motion analysis system
No full textSticholotis denticuligera Wang & Ren, sp. nov.
No full textSticholotis denticuligera Wang & Ren sp. nov. (Figures 26–28, 144–149, 296) Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other species of Sticholotis by the body reddish brown, and each elytron with a row of large punctures along the suture, arcuate in mid length (Figs 26–28). Description. TL: 2.24–2.51 mm, TW: 2.08–2.27 mm, TH: 1.15–1.38 mm, TL/TW: 1.08–1.10; PL/PW: 0.40– 0.41; EL/EW: 0.84–0.87; HW/TW: 0.35; PW/TW: 0.67. Head brown, with mouthparts yellow. Dorsum uniformly reddish brown, venter dark reddish brown, legs yellowish brown (Figs 26–28). Body almost circular in outline, hemispherical, shiny and glabrous. Head frontal punctures very fine, with short sparse setae, interocular distance 0.67x head width (Fig. 28). Pronotal punctures fine and densely distributed, separated by 1.0–2.0 diameters. Elytral punctures very fine and shallow, slightly smaller than those on pronotum, 2.5–5.0 diameters apart, with a row of large punctures along the suture, moderately arcuate medially. Elytral margins wide, visible from above. Prosternum with fine punctures and scattered long setae. Mesoventral punctures large and densely distributed, 0.2–0.5 diameters apart. Metaventrite shiny and broad, covered by coarse and dense punctures distributed at center Elytral epipleuron broad and complete to apex, distinctly foveate to accommodate femoral tips of hind legs. Wings well-developed. Male genitalia: Penis short, capsule slightly broadening basally and with a small inner process, apex curved with several denticles (Figs 145–146); tegmen with penis guide slightly longer than paramere, in lateral view straight, widest at base, gradually narrowing to apex (Fig. 147); penis guide in ventral view narrowly triangular, widest at base, tapering to apex (Fig. 148); parameres thin and straight. Female genitalia: Ovipositor elongate and narrowly triangular, styli inconspicuous (Fig. 149). Holotype: 1male, China, Yunnan: Mengla, Xishuangbanna, [21°30.27′N, 101°31.65′E], ca 800m, 12.x.2006, Wang XM leg (SCAU). Paratypes (25): China, Yunnan: 1male, 7females, same data as holotype; 1male, 2females, Dadugang, Puer, [22°22.35′N, 100°56.68′E], ca 950m, 26.iv.2008, Wang XM et al. leg. (SCAU); 1male, Lianghe to Yingjiang Road, [24°46.96′N, 98°17.62′E], ca 1500m, 30.ix.2006, Wang XM leg. (SCAU); 4males, 1female, Menglun, Xishuangbanna, [21°52.55′N, 101°19.13′E], ca 750m, 21.viii.2005, Ren SX et al. leg (2males, 1female SCAU, 2males, IOZ); 3females, Menglu Farm, [21°26.06′N, 101°18.83′E], ca 560m, 23.iv.2003, Peng ZQ leg. (1female, SCAU, 2females, IOZ); 1female, Jiluoshan, Xishuangbanna, [21°58.78′N, 101°7.79′E], ca 1020m, 28.iv.2008, Wang XM leg. (SCAU); 1male, Jiluoshan, Mengla, [21°58.78′N, 101°7.79′E], ca 1020m, 12.x.2006, Wang XM leg. (SCAU); 1male, Yaoqu, Mengla, Xishuangbanna, [21°50.27′N, 101°25.37′E], ca 700m, 8.v.2009, Wang XM leg. (SCAU); 2males, Ainiguzhai, Menglun, Xishuangbanna, [21°54.68′N, 101°10.60′E], ca 700m, 11.v.2009, Wang XM leg. (SCAU). Distribution. China: Yunnan. Etymology. The specific epithet is formed from the Latin adjective denticuligera referrs to penis apex with several denticlesPublished as part of Xingmin Wang, Hermes E. Escalona, Shunxiang Ren & Chen Xiaosheng, 2017, Taxonomic review of the ladybird genus Sticholotis from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 4326 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4326.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/99903
Sticholotis taenia Wang & Ren, sp. nov.
No full textSticholotis taenia Wang & Ren sp. nov. (Figures 107–109, 275–279, 303) Diagnosis. This species is can easily be distinguished from other Sticholotis by elytra with four large yellow spots and 16 small black spots around the margins of four yellow spots (Figs 107–109), taenia-shaped apex of penis, very slender parameres and penis guide with 3 pairs of denticles at apical 1/5. Description. TL: 2.70–2.90 mm, TW: 2.31–2.67 mm, TH: 1.42–1.45 mm, TL/TW: 1.09–1.17; PL/PW: 0.40– 0.41; EL/EW: 0.89–0.97; HW/TW: 0.33; PW/TW: 0.60. Head reddish brown. Pronotum reddish brown, and scutellum dark brown. Elytron predominantly reddish brown, with two large yellow irregular discal spots resting one near base and one near apex, each elytron additionally with 8 small black spots around the margins of yellow spots as in Figs 107–109. Underside brown, elytral epipleuron and legs reddish brown. Body almost circular in outline, hemispherical, shiny and glabrous. Head frontal punctures fine and shallow, 2.0–3.5 diameters apart, with short sparse setae, interocular distance of eyes 0.63x head width (Fig. 109). Pronotal punctures very fine, 2.5–4.0 diameters apart. Elytral punctures very fine and shallow, similar to those on pronotum, 2.0–3.0 diameters apart. Elytral margins narrow, visible from above. Prosternal punctures inconspicuous, with long sparse setae. Mesoventral surface shiny, punctures inconspicuous. Metaventrite shiny, punctures inconspicuous. Elytral epipleuron broad, complete to apex, not foveate to accommodate femoral tips of hind legs. Wings well-developed. Male genitalia: Penis slender, capsule broadening basally and with a small inner process, apex taenia-shaped (Fig. 276); tegmen with penis guide longer than parameres, in lateral view straight, widest at base, gradually narrowing to apex, with a wire-like process at apical 1/4 (Fig. 277); penis guide in ventral view straight, slightly narrowed at apical 1/5, with 3 pairs of denticles, apex rounded (Fig. 278); parameres extremely thin. Female genitalia: Ovipositor elongate and narrowly triangular, styli inconspicuous, each with many long terminal setae (Fig. 279). Holotype: 1male, China, Yunnan: Dajianshan, Pingbian, [22°54.44′N, 103°41.97′E], ca 2100m, 11.x.2006 Wang XM leg (SCAU). Paratype: 1female, Pianma, Lushui, [26°0.24′N, 98°39.12′E], ca 2100m, Wang XM leg (SCAU). Distribution. China: Yunnan. Etymology. The specific epithet is formed from the Latin adjective taenia, referring to contorted penis apex.Published as part of Xingmin Wang, Hermes E. Escalona, Shunxiang Ren & Chen Xiaosheng, 2017, Taxonomic review of the ladybird genus Sticholotis from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 4326 (1) on pages 41-43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4326.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/99903
Sticholotis tortus Wang & Ren, sp. nov.
No full textSticholotis tortus Wang & Ren sp. nov. (Figures 68–70, 211–216, 299) Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other Sticholotis species by the penis with contorted apical part and pointed apex, rather thin and slender parameres and straight penis guide (Fig. 68). Description. TL: 2.11–2.47 mm, TW: 1.88–2.21 mm, TH: 1.15–1.32 mm, TL/TW: 1.11–1.12; PL/PW: 0.39– 0.42; EL/EW: 0.89–0.90; HW/TW: 0.34; PW/TW: 0.61. Head yellowish brown. Dorsal color pattern as follows (Figs 68–70): Elytra predominantly yellowish brown, with moderately wide reddish brown band along lateral margins; band expanded at middle of lateral margin and elytral apex. Elytra with 6 moderately black rounded spots disposed as follows: two resting near middle of elytral suture, the remaining four spots slightly larger, concentrated in the apical and basal halves of each elytral disc. Sometimes spots on elytra small, external margin bands and spots besides central suture disappear. Underside reddish brown; metaventrite black brown. Legs yellowish brown and tarsi yellow. Body almost circular in outline, hemispherical, shiny and glabrous. Head frontal punctures inconspicuous, with short sparse setae, interocular distance of eyes 0.61x head width (Fig. 70). Pronotal punctures fine and densely distributed, 1.0–2.0 diameters apart. Elytral punctures slightly larger than those on pronotum, 1.5–2.5 diameters apart, with row of large dark punctures along sutural, lateral margins. Elytral margins moderately explanate, entirely visible from above. Prosternal punctures inconspicuous, with scattered long setae. Mesoventral surface shiny and slightly shagreened, with sparse short setae. Metaventrite covered by coarse and sparse punctures. Elytral epipleuron moderately broad, complete to apex, feebly foveate to accommodate femoral tips of hind legs. Wings welldeveloped. Male genitalia: Penis short and slender, slightly curved at base, capsule broadening basally and with small inner process, apex pointed, contorted and curved (Figs 212–213); tegmen with penis guide slightly longer than parameres, in lateral view short and stout, subparallel to apical 2/3, strongly narrowing to apex (Fig. 214); penis guide in ventral view elongate, subparallel, strongly narrowed at apical 1/5, apex rounded (Fig. 215); parameres slender, almost straight, with short setae apically. Female genitalia: Ovipositor elongate and narrowly triangular, styli inconspicuous, each with several long terminal setae (Fig. 216). Holotype: 1male, China, Yunnan: Mengxing, Mengla, [21°52.63′N, 101°27.07′E], ca 690m, 3.v.2008, Wang XM leg. Paratypes (24): Yunnan: 2males, 9females, same data as holotype (1male, 7females SCAU, 1male, 2females IOZ); 2males, 1female, Tongbiguan Natural Reserve, Nabang, Yingjiang, [24°37.86′N, 97°34.75′E], ca 1000m, 22.v.2008, Wang XM et al. leg (1male, 1female SCAU, 1male IOZ); 1male, 2females, Longtan, Ximeng, [22°39.69′N, 99°35.59′E], ca 1200m, 9.v.2008, Wang XM et al. leg; 5females, Tongbiguan Natural Reserve, Nabang, Yingjiang, [24°37.86′N, 97°34.75′E], ca 1000m, 21. ix.2006, Wang XM et al. leg; 1male, Daheishan, Jiangcheng, [22°32.68′N, 101°55.13′E], ca 1150m, 17.v.2009, Wang XM leg; 1male, Yaoqu, Mengla, [21°50.27′N, 101°25.37′E], ca 700m, 7.v.2009, Wang XM leg. Distribution. China: Yunnan. Etymology. The specific epithet is formed from the Latin adjective tortus referring to contorted penis apex.Published as part of Xingmin Wang, Hermes E. Escalona, Shunxiang Ren & Chen Xiaosheng, 2017, Taxonomic review of the ladybird genus Sticholotis from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 4326 (1) on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4326.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/99903
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