138 research outputs found
A Landmark in China’s Basic Education Curriculum Reform
No full textCurriculum reforms in basic education have been an essential component of educational reform, playing a crucial role in promoting student holistic development. To secure their national competitiveness, developed countries have made persevering efforts to improve their basic education. In the early 1990s, the United States started to implement the reform in curriculum standards as a major strategy to address those long-standing issues in basic education such as low academic levels of students and inequality in education, which could be impediments to the achievement of the nation’s political, economic, and social development goals. The revised curriculum standards strived to eliminate the prevalent acceptance of “mediocrity” in the education system. Student learning was transformed into a succession of interrelated activities centered on core objectives and students were encouraged to construct new knowledge based on prior experience. As a result, the previous curriculum system that was loaded with repetitive and superficial exercises was abandoned (Chen, 2004)
Academic Burden Reduction Endeavors in China in the Context of East Asia’s Educational Predicament
No full textHigh academic achievements accompanied by heavy academic burdens” has been a popular perception of East Asian education, and China’s education system is no exception to this paradox. In China, the issue of academic burdens concerns not only the students but also the parents, schools, and private training institutions. Manifestations of the issue include onerous academic burdens and declining learning motivation in the students; the fixation with “advanced education” (having children learn knowledge and skills beyond their developmental phases) in the parents and the attendant education anxiety; the pervasive practice of “teaching to the test” with disregard for the essence of education in the schools; and disorderly competition among private training institutions, a severe disruption to on-campus teaching enactment (Hua & Wu, 2022)
What Happens When Science Fiction Is Introduced into Science Classes?
No full textScience fiction (sci-fi), whether in literature or films and comics, can always spark colorful visions in the audiences. Despite being a genre of speculative fiction, sci-fi works typically includes serious scientific elements. What impacts can they pose on science education if they are introduced in the classroom? Do they have the potential to become significant resources for science education, or will they probably be a source of distraction and causes of misconception in science classes? Extensive research has been conducted for addressing questions like these
Physically Adults, but Psychologically Infants: “Giant Babies” among Chinese College Students
No full textThere has been widespread public concern in recent years about the phenomenon of “giant babies,” particularly among college students. Giant-baby college students are those who are physically grown-up but psychologically immature. The article focuses on analyzing their behavioral traits and the harm of their giant baby syndrome, with the aim of offering valuable insights into this social issue
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Poor Hand and Oral Hygiene Practices Among Adolescent Students in Eastern China: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textJieming Zhong, Meng Wang, Xiaofu Du, Mingbin Liang, Xiangyu Chen,* Feng Lu* Department of Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiangyu Chen; Feng Lu, Department of Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 571 87115155 ; +86 571 87115161, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: This study aimed to investigate the current status and associated factors of hand and oral hygiene behaviors among adolescent students in Zhejiang Province, Eastern China.Methods: This study utilized a cross-sectional survey conducted in Zhejiang Province between April and June 2022. Data were collected through a self-administered, structured questionnaire that assessed tooth brushing frequency, hand washing practices before meals, after toilet use, and hand washing with soap. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify associations between hygiene practices and socio-demographic factors.Results: The study included 26,101 adolescent students. Of these, 29.25% had poor oral hygiene practices, and the majority brushed their teeth twice per day (51.43%). Regarding hand hygiene, 78.06% exhibited poor hand hygiene before meals, 24.67% after toilet use, and 82.56% when using soap. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that higher parental education and greater family income were linked to a reduced likelihood of poor oral and hand hygiene practices. Conversely, older age and parental marital status (divorced, widowed, or separated) were linked to an increased risk of both poor oral and hand hygiene practices. Additionally, girls and only children were less likely to exhibit poor oral hygiene but more likely to have poor hand hygiene.Conclusion: The prevalence of poor hand and oral hygiene practices among adolescent students in Zhejiang Province, Eastern China was very high. Several socio-demographic factors were identified to guide future targeted interventions aimed at improving hygiene practices among this population.Keywords: toothbrushing, handwashing, hygiene behavior, adolescent, schoo
Vertical distribution of fine root area in relation to stand age and environmental factors in black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) forests of the Chinese Loess Plateau
No full textTo examine the tempo-spatial characteristics of fine root area distribution and its relationship with stand age and environmental factors in black locust on the Chinese Loess Plateau, black locust stands were selected at four sites along a precipitation gradient, four stands of different ages and a transect along a hillslope were also selected at one of the sites. With increasing stand age, fine root area at tree level increased exponentially, and the rooting pattern tended to be deeper for trees up to 15-years-old and then shallower thereafter. The temporal changes of fine root distribution could be quantified using stand age and soil nutrients. At the hillslope scale, fine root area index (FRAI) was lower while the rooting pattern was deeper in the middle slope than upper and lower slope, and the fine root distribution could be quantified using elevation and soil properties. At the regional scale, FRAI decreased substantially while exhibited similar rooting patterns with decreasing soil water and nutrients availability along the precipitation gradient. Humidity index represented the regional environmental variation and could be used to quantify FRAI. These findings will be helpful for improving quantification of fine roots and enhancing the accuracy of eco-hydrological models.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
Feasibility study on substitution of SF6 insulated current transformer with environment-friendly natural gas
No full textMany SF6 gas-insulated current transformers (CT) are used in the power grid. The global warming potential (GWP) of SF6 is 23,900 times that of CO2, and the leakage of SF6 will aggravate the global warming trend. It is a hot issue to carry out the study of environment-friendly gas substitution in the power grid. This paper systematically studied the voltage withstand, partial discharge, and temperature rise characteristics of dry air, N2, and CO2 gas-insulated CTs. Through the study, the permissible critical pressures in environment-friendly gas-insulated CTs were determined to be 0.9 MPa for dry air, 0.7 MPa for N2, and 0.8 MPa for CO2, respectively. The partial discharge intensity was less than 5 pC for environment-friendly gas-insulated CTs at 0.3 MPa∼0.8 MPa pressure. The experimental results of temperature rise characteristics showed that under the condition of a 600A rated operating current, the maximum temperature rise of the CTs was about 80 °C, and the maximum temperature rise happened at the conductive rod. The experimental results verified that environment-friendly gases could meet the requirements of insulation and temperature rise. Due to the increase of pressure in CTs, the action pressure of the explosion-proof membrane should be changed to meet the mechanical strength requirements. It is recommended that when using 0.9 MPa dry air, the action pressure should be designed as 1.8 MPa; when using 0.7 MPa N2, the pressure should be designed as 1.4 MPa; when using 0.8 MPa CO2, the pressure should be designed as 1.6 MPa. The results of this paper can provide a reference for development of environment-friendly gas-insulated CTs
Design and Optimization of High-Responsivity High-Speed Ge/Si Avalanche Photodiode in the C+L Band
No full textWe present the design of Ge/Si avalanche photodetectors with SiN stressor-induced Ge strain for the C+L band light detection. By optimizing the placement position and thickness of the SiN layer with compressive stress, a uniform strain distribution with a maximum magnitude of 0.59% was achieved in Ge. The surface-illuminated APDs have been studied in respect of the photo-dark current, responsivity, gain, and 3-dB bandwidth. After introducing SiN stressor, the APD exhibits high primary responsivity of 0.80 A/W at 1.55 μm, 0.72 A/W at 1.625 μm, and 3-dB bandwidth of 17.5 GHz. The increased tensile strain in Ge can significantly improve the responsivity and broaden the response band of the device. This work provides a constructive approach to realizing high-responsivity high-speed Ge/Si APD working in the C+L band
A modification to the Soil Conservation Service curve number method for steep slopes in the Loess Plateau of China
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