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Wang Shuo and the commercialisation of contemporary Chinese culture
This thesis examines the commercialisation of Chinese culture that has taken place over the past twenty years in mainland China. It explores the contribution of Wang Shuo, a cultural figure who straddles different fields of culture, moving from literature to the ultimate mass culture medium of television, this study plots Wang Shuo' s development from educational failure, to business failure, to fiction writer, film & TV editor, film director and cultural critic and analyst. His stories, films, TV series and articles have caused shock-waves throughout national cultural circles as he has transformed the terms of the debate from academic discourse to a validation of the role of the market in the culture field. Although Wang Shuo has not been labelled as a dissident, his approach to the culture market has had a more subversive effect on official ideology that those overt dissidents who have had to live in exile or have been imprisoned. He has utilised the language of official ideology to satirise the authorities, turning the ideology and its supporters into figures of fun. Yet his own goals have been strictly personal and economic ones. The authorities recognize the value of Wang Shuo's work in the cultural market but at the same time distrust his works and place him under strict censorship. Examining the way Wang Shuo and people surround him have succeeded in different fields of cultural achievement is a mirror to understanding the process of the transformation of contemporary Chinese culture from a socialist state-controlled culture to a market-oriented mass culture industry
FIGURE 31. Stomatocysts ornamented with spines. A–B. Stomatocyst 85 Pang & Wang. C–D. Stomatocyst 86 Pang & Wang. E. Stomatocyst 9 Pang & Wang. F. Stomatocyst 87 in Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China
FIGURE 31. Stomatocysts ornamented with spines. A–B. Stomatocyst 85 Pang & Wang. C–D. Stomatocyst 86 Pang & Wang. E. Stomatocyst 9 Pang & Wang. F. Stomatocyst 87 Pang & Wang. Scale bar = 2 µm.Published as part of <i>Pang, Wanting & Wang, Quanxi, 2014, Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China, pp. 1-92 in Phytotaxa 187 (1)</i> on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.187.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10090151">http://zenodo.org/record/10090151</a>
FIGURE 20. Stomatocysts ornamented with conula. A. Stomatocyst 62 Pang & Wang. B. Stomatocyst 63 Pang & Wang. C–D. Stomatocyst 64 Pang & Wang. E–F. Stomatocyst 65 in Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China
FIGURE 20. Stomatocysts ornamented with conula. A. Stomatocyst 62 Pang & Wang. B. Stomatocyst 63 Pang & Wang. C–D. Stomatocyst 64 Pang & Wang. E–F. Stomatocyst 65 Pang & Wang. Scale bar = 2 µm.Published as part of <i>Pang, Wanting & Wang, Quanxi, 2014, Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China, pp. 1-92 in Phytotaxa 187 (1)</i> on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.187.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10090151">http://zenodo.org/record/10090151</a>
FIGURE 30. Stomatocysts ornamented with spines. A–B. Stomatocyst 83 Pang & Wang. C. Stomatocyst 7 Pang & Wang. D–E. Stomatocyst 84 Pang & Wang. F. Stomatocyst 8 in Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China
FIGURE 30. Stomatocysts ornamented with spines. A–B. Stomatocyst 83 Pang & Wang. C. Stomatocyst 7 Pang & Wang. D–E. Stomatocyst 84 Pang & Wang. F. Stomatocyst 8 Pang & Wang. Scale bar = 2 µm.Published as part of <i>Pang, Wanting & Wang, Quanxi, 2014, Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China, pp. 1-92 in Phytotaxa 187 (1)</i> on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.187.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10090151">http://zenodo.org/record/10090151</a>
FIGURE 21. Stomatocysts ornamented with spines. A–B. Stomatocyst 66 Pang & Wang. C–D. Stomatocyst 67 Pang & Wang. E. Stomatocyst 19 Pang & Wang. F. Stomatocyst 68 in Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China
FIGURE 21. Stomatocysts ornamented with spines. A–B. Stomatocyst 66 Pang & Wang. C–D. Stomatocyst 67 Pang & Wang. E. Stomatocyst 19 Pang & Wang. F. Stomatocyst 68 Pang & Wang. Scale bar = 2 µm.Published as part of <i>Pang, Wanting & Wang, Quanxi, 2014, Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China, pp. 1-92 in Phytotaxa 187 (1)</i> on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.187.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10090151">http://zenodo.org/record/10090151</a>
FIGURE 26. Stomatocysts ornamented with spines. A. Stomatocyst 1 Pang & Wang. B–C. Stomatocyst 2 Pang & Wang. D–E. Stomatocyst 77 Pang & Wang. F. Stomatocyst 78 in Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China
FIGURE 26. Stomatocysts ornamented with spines. A. Stomatocyst 1 Pang & Wang. B–C. Stomatocyst 2 Pang & Wang. D–E. Stomatocyst 77 Pang & Wang. F. Stomatocyst 78 Pang & Wang. Scale bar = 2 µm.Published as part of <i>Pang, Wanting & Wang, Quanxi, 2014, Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China, pp. 1-92 in Phytotaxa 187 (1)</i> on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.187.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10090151">http://zenodo.org/record/10090151</a>
1ST MEASUREMENT OF GAMMA(D(S)(+)-]MU+NU)/GAMMA(D(S)(+)-]PHI-PI+)
Complete Author List:
ACOSTA D, ATHANAS M, MASEK G, PAAR H, BEAN A, GRONBERG J, KUTSCHKE R, MENARY S, MORRISON RJ, NAKANISHI S, NELSON HN, NELSON TK, RICHMAN JD, RYD A, TAJIMA H, SCHMIDT D, SPERKA D, WITHERELL MS, PROCARIO M, YANG S, BALEST R, CHO K, DAOUDI M, FORD WT, JOHNSON DR, LINGEL K, LOHNER M, RANKIN P, SMITH JG, ALEXANDER JP, BEBEK C, BERKELMAN K, BESSON D, BROWDER TE, CASSEL DG, CHO HA, COFFMAN DM, DRELL PS, EHRLICH R, GALIK RS, GARCIASCIVERES M, GEISER B, GITTELMAN B, GRAY SW, HARTILL DL, HELTSLEY BK, JONES CD, JONES SL, KANDASWAMY J, KATAYAMA N, KIM PC, KREINICK DL, LUDWIG GS, MASUI J, MEVISSEN J, MISTRY NB, NG CR, NORDBERG E, OGG M, PATTERSON JR, PETERSON D, RILEY D, SALMAN S, SAPPER M, WORDEN H, WURTHWEIN F, AVERY P, FREYBERGER A, RODRIGUEZ J, STEPHENS R, YELTON J, CINABRO D, HENDERSON S, KINOSHITA K, LIU T, SAULNIER M, SHEN F, WILSON R, YAMAMOTO H, ONG B, SELEN M, SADOFF AJ, AMMAR R, BALL S, BARINGER P, COPPAGE D, COPTY N, DAVIS R, HANCOCK N, KELLY M, KWAK N, LAM H, KUBOTA Y, LATTERY M, NELSON JK, PATTON S, PERTICONE D, POLING R, SAVINOV V, SCHRENK S, WANG R, ALAM MS, KIM IJ, NEMATI B, ONEILL JJ, SEVERINI H, SUN CR, ZOELLER MM, CRAWFORD G, DAUBENMIER CM, FULTON R, FUJINO D, GAN KK, HONSCHEID K, KAGAN H, KASS R, LEE J, MALCHOW R, MORROW F, SKOVPEN Y, SUNG M, WHITE C, WHITMORE J, WILSON P, BUTLER F, FU X, KALBFLEISCH G, LAMBRECHT M, ROSS WR, SKUBIC P, SNOW J, WANG PL, WOOD M, BORTOLETTO D, BROWN DN, FAST J, MCILWAIN RL, MIAO T, MILLER DH, MODESITT M, SCHAFFNER SF, SHIBATA EI, SHIPSEY IPJ, WANG PN, BATTLE M, ERNST J, KROHA H, ROBERTS S, SPARKS K, THORNDIKE EH, WANG CH, DOMINICK J, SANGHERA S, SHELKOV V, SKWARNICKI T, STROYNOWSKI R, VOLOBOUEV I, ZADOROZHNY P, ARTUSO M, HE D, GOLDBERG M, HORWITZ N, KENNETT R, MONETI GC, MUHEIM F, MUKHIN Y, PLAYFER S, ROZEN Y, STONE S, THULASIDAS M, VASSEUR G, ZHU G, BARTELT J, CSORNA SE, EGYED Z, JAIN V, SHELDON P, AKERIB DS, BARISH B, CHADHA M, CHAN S, COWEN DF, EIGEN G, MILLER JS, OGRADY C, URHEIM J, WEINSTEIN A
FIGURE 43. Stomatocysts with compound ornamentation. A–B. Stomatocyst 101 Pang & Wang. C–D. Stomatocyst 102 Pang & Wang. E. Stomatocyst 23 Pang & Wang. F. Stomatocyst 230 in Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China
FIGURE 43. Stomatocysts with compound ornamentation. A–B. Stomatocyst 101 Pang & Wang. C–D. Stomatocyst 102 Pang & Wang. E. Stomatocyst 23 Pang & Wang. F. Stomatocyst 230 Duff & Smol. Scale bar = 2 µm.Published as part of <i>Pang, Wanting & Wang, Quanxi, 2014, Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China, pp. 1-92 in Phytotaxa 187 (1)</i> on page 82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.187.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10090151">http://zenodo.org/record/10090151</a>
FIGURE 15. Stomatocysts ornamented with scabrae verrucae and conula. A. Stomatocyst 49 Pang & Wang. B. Stomatocyst 50 Pang & Wang. C–D. Stomatocyst 51 Pang & Wang. E–F. Stomatocyst 117 in Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China
FIGURE 15. Stomatocysts ornamented with scabrae verrucae and conula. A. Stomatocyst 49 Pang & Wang. B. Stomatocyst 50 Pang & Wang. C–D. Stomatocyst 51 Pang & Wang. E–F. Stomatocyst 117 Zeeb et al. Scale bar = 2 µm.Published as part of <i>Pang, Wanting & Wang, Quanxi, 2014, Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China, pp. 1-92 in Phytotaxa 187 (1)</i> on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.187.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10090151">http://zenodo.org/record/10090151</a>
FIGURE 39. Stomatocysts ornamented with reticulum. A. Stomatocyst 22 Pang & Wang. B–C. Stomatocyst 29 Pang & Wang. D–E. Stomatocyst 11 in Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China
FIGURE 39. Stomatocysts ornamented with reticulum. A. Stomatocyst 22 Pang & Wang. B–C. Stomatocyst 29 Pang & Wang. D–E. Stomatocyst 11 Vorobyova et al. f. Stomatocyst 231 Duff & Smol emend. Zeeb & Smol. A, D–F: Scale bar = 1 µm. B–C: Scale bar = 2 µm.Published as part of <i>Pang, Wanting & Wang, Quanxi, 2014, Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the Aershan Geological Park (Inner Mongolia), China, pp. 1-92 in Phytotaxa 187 (1)</i> on page 76, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.187.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10090151">http://zenodo.org/record/10090151</a>
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