1,768 research outputs found
The Benefits of Being Economics Professor A (and not Z)
No full textAlphabetic name ordering on multi-authored academic papers, which is the convention in the economics discipline and various other disciplines, is to the advantage of people whose last name initials are placed early in the alphabet. As it turns out, Professor A, who has been a first author more often than Professor Z, will have published more articles and experienced afaster growth rate over the course of her career as a result of reputation and visibility. Moreover, authors know that name ordering matters and indeed take ordering seriously: Several characteristics of an author group composition determine the decision to deviate from the default alphabetic name order to a significant extent.performance measurement, incentives, economists, name ordering
Muconic acid isomers as platform chemicals and monomers in the biobased economy
No full textsponsorship: The authors thank the SPICY (Sugar-based chemicals and Polymers through Innovative Chemocatalysis and engineered Yeast) project of VLAIO Catalisti for funding. (SPICY (Sugar-based chemicals and Polymers through Innovative Chemocatalysis and engineered Yeast) project of VLAIO Catalisti)status: Publishe
Hidden genetic variation in plasticity provides the potential for rapid adaptation to novel environments
No full text: Rapid environmental change is forcing populations into environments where plasticity will no longer maintain fitness. When populations are exposed to novel environments, evolutionary theory predicts that genetic variation in fitness will increase and should be associated with genetic differences in plasticity. If true, then genetic variation in plasticity can increase adaptive potential in novel environments, and population persistence via evolutionary rescue is more likely. To test whether genetic variation in fitness increases in novel environments and is associated with plasticity, we transplanted 8149 clones of 314 genotypes of a Sicilian daisy (Senecio chrysanthemifolius) within and outside its native range, and quantified genetic variation in fitness, and plasticity in leaf traits and gene expression. Although mean fitness declined by 87% in the novel environment, genetic variance in fitness increased threefold and was correlated with plasticity in leaf traits. High fitness genotypes showed greater plasticity in gene expression, but lower plasticity in most leaf traits. Interestingly, genotypes with the highest fitness in the novel environment had the lowest fitness at the native site. These results suggest that standing genetic variation in plasticity could help populations to persist and adapt to novel environments, despite remaining hidden in native environments
3-D tour of the Solar System CD-ROM Teacher's guide with activities
No full textContains the lessons to be used with the CD, 3-D Tour of the Solar System. The major topics are stereo imagery, space exploration, the Solar System and planetary geology.by Rita Karl ; science advisors, Dr. Paul Schenk, Dr. Walter Kiefer ; reviewer, Greg Vogt ; editors, Renee Dotson, Brian Anderson, Pam Thompso
The Welfare Debate
No full textWelfare politics have now been part of American life for four centuries. Beyond a persistent general idea that Americans have a collective obligation to provide for the poorest among us, there has been little common ground on which to forge political and philosophical consensus. Are poor people poor because of their own shortcomings and moral failings, or because of systemic societal and economic obstacles? That is, does poverty have individual or structural causes? This book demonstrates why neither of these two polemical stances has been able to prevail permanently over the other and explores the public policy--and real-life--consequences of the stalemate. Author Greg M. Shaw pays special attention to the outcome of the 1996 act that was heralded as having ended welfare as we know it.https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/bookshelf/1000/thumbnail.jp
Science fiction writer Diane Carey talks about science fiction at the Michigan Writers Series
No full textIn a program at the Michigan State University Main Library, Author Diane Carey describes writing for the Star Trek book series, explains science fiction and how it differs from fantasy, and provides numerous examples of the differences between fiction and fantasy, invoking "The Lord of the Rings", "Star Wars", and H. G. Wells. Carey's husband Greg Broder joins the conversation and they respond to questions from the audience. Part of the Michigan State University Libraries' Michigan Science Fiction Writers Series. Program Introduction by Leslie Behm
Good Without God: What a Billion Nonreligious People Do Believe
No full textAuthor Greg Epstein, the Humanist chaplain at Harvard, offers a world view for nonbelievers that dispenses with the hostility and intolerance of religion prevalent in national bestsellers like God is Not Great and The God Delusion. Epstein\u27s Good Without God provides a constructive, challenging response to these manifestos by getting to the heart of Humanism and its positive belief in tolerance, community, morality, and good without having to rely on the guidance of a higher being.--From publisher description.https://scholar.dominican.edu/cynthia-stokes-brown-books-big-history/1099/thumbnail.jp
Adaptive divergence generates distinct plastic responses in two closely related Senecio species
No full textThe evolution of plastic responses to external cues allows species to maintain fitness in response to the environmental variations they regularly experience. However, it remains unclear how plasticity evolves during adaptation. To test whether distinct patterns of plasticity are associated with adaptive divergence, we quantified plasticity for two closely related but ecologically divergent Sicilian daisy species (Senecio, Asteraceae). We sampled 40 representative genotypes of each species from their native range on Mt. Etna and then reciprocally transplanted multiple clones of each genotype into four field sites along an elevational gradient that included the native elevational range of each species, and two intermediate elevations. At each elevation, we quantified survival and measured leaf traits that included investment (specific leaf area), morphology, chlorophyll fluorescence, pigment content, and gene expression. Traits and differentially expressed genes that changed with elevation in one species often showed little changes in the other species, or changed in the opposite direction. As evidence of adaptive divergence, both species performed better at their native site and better than the species from the other habitat. Adaptive divergence is, therefore, associated with the evolution of distinct plastic responses to environmental variation, despite these two species sharing a recent common ancestor
Ice accretion on a rotating horizontal axis wind turbine blade
No full textThis paper presents a numerical study of ice accretion on a 2
MW wind turbine with an 80 m rotor diameter using ANSYS
FENSAP ICE software. The study investigates ice accumulaton
with a focus on spanwise variability by analyzing four sections
along a rotating blade. Air and droplet velocity contours,
pressure distribution, droplet behavior, and ice characteristics
are presented. The numerical results predict that radial distance
towards the blade tip significantly impacts droplet collection
and ice accretion. The results provide helpful insights for ice
accretion modeling and mitigation along a blade spanNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC
Resource Optimal Executable Quantum Circuit Generation Using Approximate Computing
No full textQuantum Computing is an emerging technology that combines the principles of computer science and quantum mechanics to solve computationally challenging problems significantly faster than classical computers. In this paper, we present a proof-of-principle procedure for generating hardware-executable quantum circuits for Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices that follows the paradigm of approximate computing.Our approach starts from the reference circuit and trans-forms it into an executable circuit with tuneable parameters by replacing the high-level quantum operations by approximate decompositions into hardware-native gates. An inner optimization loop over the rotation gates’ angles ensures that the so-created circuit behaves in the same way as the reference one in terms of its expectation-value landscape. This technique is complemented by compiler-based optimizations to further reduce or aggregate gate groups of the optimized circuit. This three-step procedure is embedded into an outer genetic algorithm framework that inspects many different circuit designs with placements of single- and multi-qubit gates according to the hardware’s lattice structure, and returns a set of approximate quantum circuits that can be executed on NISQ devices directly.We have validated our approach for superconducting quantum systems from IBM and Rigetti for various benchmark algorithms. In nearly all cases, our approach outperforms the vendors’ quantum-compiler frameworks and produces significantly smaller circuits with up to 50% reduction in the number of gates.Accepted author manuscriptNumerical Analysi
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