9,666 research outputs found
The sense of a beginning : Bakhtinian dialogic criticism on 'the gospel' in Mark.
No full textContemporary literary approaches have caused paradigm shifts in Biblical Studies in the last two decades as it appears in a great deal of Markan studies using narrative, reader-response, deconstructive, feminist, and new historicist approaches. However, literary studies on the Gospel of Mark have not taken into account theoretical questions underlying those approaches. As a result biblical critics are driven by new trends without ever having a chance to examine the critical baggage of the approaches. Consequently, there is a gap of communication between the old and the new one. Therefore this thesis is an attempt to meet the need of enhancing the quality of critical endeavour in biblical studies. In the light of most recent competing critical theories of literature, the first contribution of this thesis is the methodological finding that Bakhtinian dialogic criticism contains the most profound philosophical and practical foundations for solving some crucial theoretical problems in contemporary literary theories. It is a critique to a Saussurian linguistic system of language which becomes the very foundation of modern and postmodern literary criticism. Bakhtinian literary theory shifts the foundation of literary criticism on linguistic signs into the creative activity of the socio-cultural production of human communication. The shift into socio-cultural reality of language communication makes the notion of 'genre' very important to unlock the problem of text and context in literary studies. Since the Gospel of Mark has fascinated most literary critics in Biblical Studies, the problem of 'genre' of this gospel is chosen as the focus of this study. Secondly, as no agreement is reached as to what 'genre' the Gospel of Mark belongs, this thesis makes its contribution to the discussion by locating the problem of 'genre' of Mark in the context of genre theories and argues that the Bakhtinian suggestion to find genre in the socio-cultural sphere by analysing artistic intercourse between narrative agents in Mark has freed the competing analysis from the unresolved problem between the kerygmatic (content oriented) approach and the analogical (form oriented) approach. To achieve finding 'genre' in the socio-cultural sphere, this thesis focuses on Bakhtinian analysis of the process of artistic intercourse between narrative agents. The narrative communicative interrelationships between narrative agents is constructed in this thesis as a 'stereophonic' Bakhtinian model of dialogic communication. This model is an original contribution of this thesis for revising the traditional two dimensional model of narrative communication. Based on this dialogical model of communication, a special role is given to the Bakhtinian 'author-creator' in the realization process of genre through the interaction of polyphonic voices. Through the interaction of voices of the author-artist and the hero we are led to discover a relatively stable type of portraying and controlling reality in Mark, known as the genre of Roman 'satire'. The closest literary affinity is Satyrica by Petronius. This narrative strategy of 'satire' in Mark has its root in the prophetic discourse of the Old Testament which is saturating the speech of the narrator, John the Immerser, the centurion, the people, and even Jesus. Finally, the whole search for Markan 'genre' culminates in the analysis of the realization of genre through the analysis of Bakhtinian chronotope. The reality of the genre of Mark is its social reality that is in its role as dpxrj/ 'beginning'. As the Gospel of Mark proclaims itself as 'a beginning', it defines its claim of socio-cultural 'authority' in early Christianity. It is this 'sense of beginning' which enables the narrating and the narrated world of Mark to interact dialogically
Well-known trade mark protection: confusion in EU and Japan
No full textIn this thesis concerning the protection of well-known trade marks against confusion in the European Community Trade Mark (CTM) and Japanese trademark systems, the author critically considers the difficulties in comprehensively defining ‘well-known trade mark’ in the relevant international trade mark instruments. After critical analysis of various definitions of both ‘trade mark’ and ‘well-known trade mark’, she undertakes a comparison of the definitions of the parallel concepts of ‘trade mark of repute’ and ‘syuchi-syohyo’, and also undertakes an assessment as to the extent to which these trade marks are protected against confusion and kondo in the CTM and Japanese systems, respectively. It is concluded that the protection of well- known trade marks against confusion in the CTM and Japan cannot be said to be completely clear, and the author identifies some areas for legal refor
The Gospel on the Margins: The Ideological Function of the Patristic Tradition on the Evangelist Mark
No full textIn spite of the virtually unanimous patristic opinion that the evangelist Mark was the interpreter of Peter, one of the most prestigious apostolic founding figures in Christian memory, the Gospel of Mark was mostly neglected in the patristic period. Not only is the text of Mark the least well represented of the canonical Gospels in terms of the number of patristic citations, commentaries and manuscripts, the explicit comments about the evangelist Mark reveal some ambivalence about its literary or theological value. In my survey of the reception of Mark from Papias of Hierapolis until Clement of Alexandria, I will argue that the reason why the patristic writers were hesitant to embrace the Gospel of Mark was that they perceived the text to be amenable to the Christological beliefs and social praxis of rival Christian factions. The patristic tradition about Mark may have little historical basis, but it had an important ideological function in appropriating the text in the name of an apostolic authority from the margins or periphery
Watermarking of images captured by mobile phone cameras using 2-D walsh coding in the Y-channel
No full text1-D Walsh coding was used to improve the robustness of digital image watermarking. In this paper, a robust and efficient digital image watermarking technique using 2-D Walsh coding is proposed. In this algorithm a personal mobile phone digits are embedded in images captured by the phone camera. The aim of the proposed technique is to protect the copyright ownership of the image. The algorithm is blind and does not require the original image in the extracting process. The mobile phone digits were encoded by using 2D Walsh functions then it was embedded in the low frequency coefficients of the discrete cosine transform of the host image. The performance of the proposed technique was evaluated using Stir mark tool. Results have shown that the use of 2-D Walsh coding survived various attacks such as JPEG compression, noise, and different image manipulation algorithms.</p
Watermarking of images captured by mobile phone cameras using 2-D walsh coding in the Y-channel
No full text1-D Walsh coding was used to improve the robustness of digital image watermarking. In this paper, a robust and efficient digital image watermarking technique using 2-D Walsh coding is proposed. In this algorithm a personal mobile phone digits are embedded in images captured by the phone camera. The aim of the proposed technique is to protect the copyright ownership of the image. The algorithm is blind and does not require the original image in the extracting process. The mobile phone digits were encoded by using 2D Walsh functions then it was embedded in the low frequency coefficients of the discrete cosine transform of the host image. The performance of the proposed technique was evaluated using Stir mark tool. Results have shown that the use of 2-D Walsh coding survived various attacks such as JPEG compression, noise, and different image manipulation algorithms.</p
Mark Hertsgaard on the world's love/hate relationship with America
No full textDirected by Mark Ganguzza ; executive producer, Felice Firestone ; a production of Public Affairs Television, Inc. ; a presentation of Thirteen/WNET New York. Host/interviewer, Bill Moyers ; guest, Mark Hertsgaard.Why has much of the world's regard for America diminished in the last few years? Journalist and author Mark Hertsgaard, who traveled the globe gauging foreigners' ambivalence towards the United States shares his findings, published in his new book, "The Eagle's Shadow: Why America Fascinates and Infuriates the World." Additionally, Hertsgaard comments on how America's role is changing in the wake of September 11th, and the key U.S. environmental and foreign policy decisions that have proven divisive of the international community, as well as a perceived lack of difference between globalization and Americanization
Reconsidering Arminius: Beyond the Reformed and Wesleyan Divide
No full textThe theology of Dutch theologian Jacob Arminius has been misinterpreted and caricatured in both Reformed and Wesleyan circles. By revisiting Arminius's theology, the book hopes to be a constructive voice in the discourse between so-called Calvinists and Arminians. Traditionally, Arminius has been treated as a divisive figure in evangelical theology. Indeed, one might be able to describe classic evangelical theology up into the twentieth century in relation to his work: one was either an Arminian and accepted his theology or one was a Calvinist and rejected his theology. Although various other movements within evangelicalism have provided additional contour to the movement (fundamentalism, Pentecostalism, etc.), the Calvinist-Arminian 'divide' remains a significant one. What this book seeks to correct is the misinterpretation of Arminius as one whose theology provides a stark contrast to the Reformed tradition as a whole. Indeed, this book will demonstrate instead that Arminius is far more in line with Reformed orthodoxy than popularly believed and show that what emerges as Arminianism in the theology of the Remonstrants and Wesleyan movements was in fact not the theology of Arminius but a development of and sometimes departure from it. This book also brings Arminius into conversation with modern theology. To this end, it includes essays on the relationship between Arminius's theology and open theism and Neo-Reformed theology. In this way, this book fulfills the promise of the title by showing ways in which Arminius's theology—once properly understood—can serve as a resource of evangelical Wesleyans and Calvinists doing theology together today. Abbreviations -- ix Introduction. Reconsidering Arminius: Recasting the Legacy / Mark H. Mann and Mark G. Bilby -- xi-xix Chapter 1. Consecrated through Suffering : the Office of Christ in the Theology of Jacob Arminius / Richard A. Muller -- 1-21 Chapter 2. Was Arminius an Unwitting Determinist? : Another Look at Arminius's Modal Logic / Thomas H. McCall -- 23-37 Chapter 3. Beyond Luther, beyond Calvin, beyond Arminius : the Pilgrims and the Remonstrants in Leiden, 1609-1620 / Jeremy Dupertuis Bangs -- 39-69 Chapter 4. The Loss of Arminius in Wesleyan-Arminian Theology / W. Stephen Gunter -- 71-90 Chapter 5. Jacob Arminius and Jonathan Edwards on the doctrine of creation / Oliver D. Crisp -- 91-112 Chapter 6. Convergence in the "Reformed" theologies of T.F. Torrance and Jacob Arminius / E. Jerome Van Kuiken -- 113-135 Chapter 7. Was Arminius an open theist? : meticulous providence in the theology of Jacob Arminius / John Mark Hicks -- 137-160 Conclusion. Arminius Reconsidered : Thoughts on Arminius and Contemporary Theological Discourse for the Church Today / Keith D. Stanglin -- 161-167 Contributors -- 169Published@book{stanglin2014reconsidering, title= {Reconsidering Arminius: Beyond the Reformed and Wesleyan Divide}, author= {Stanglin, Keith D and Bilby, Mark G and Mann, Mark H}, year= {2014}, publisher= {Kingswood Books}}978142679654
Walsh & Hoyt: Examination
No full textThe examination of the ocular motor system generally consists of the assessment of (a) fixation and gaze-holding ability, (b) range of monocular and binocular eye movements, (c) ocular alignment, and (d) performance of versions (saccades, pursuit). In addition, depending upon the findings of the basic examination, it may be appropriate to test the vestibulo-ocular and optokinetic reflexes and to attempt mechanically to move the eyes using forced duction testing
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