36 research outputs found
Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia: From Immunopathogenesis to Treatment of Refractory Disease
No full textLarge Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia (LGLL) is a rare, chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of effector cytotoxic T-cells, and less frequently, natural killer (NK) cells. The disease is characterized by an indolent and often asymptomatic course. However, in roughly 50% of cases, treatment is required due to severe transfusion-dependent anemia, severe neutropenia, or moderate neutropenia with associated recurrent infections. LGLL represents an interesting disease process at the intersection of a physiological immune response, autoimmune disorder, and malignant (clonal) proliferation, resulting from the aberrant activation of cellular pathways promoting survival, proliferation, and evasion of apoptotic signaling. LGLL treatment primarily consists of immunosuppressive agents (methotrexate, cyclosporine, and cyclophosphamide), with a cumulative response rate of about 60% based on longitudinal expertise and retrospective studies. However, refractory cases can result in clinical scenarios characterized by transfusion-dependent anemia and severe neutropenia, which warrant further exploration of other potential targeted treatment modalities. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the immune-genomic profiles of LGLL, its pathogenesis, and current treatment options, and discuss potential novel therapeutic agents, particularly for refractory disease
Aspirations of retailers and visitors towards the regeneration of declining streets in cities
No full text1. IntroductionCities have been described as transaction machines enabling human interaction (Stonor, 2011) with city centre retail spaces an integral part of the socio-economic fabric, acting as a centre of creativity allowing local communities to pass, relate and transact (Granger, 2010; Griffiths, 2015). Research has proven that city centre viability is essential to the sustainability of cities (Ozuduru et al., 2014), and retails’ economic and cultural role within a city requires study at multiple scales, from various theoretical viewpoints (Wrigley and Lowe, 2002).The aim of this study is to examine how businesses and visitors perceive secondary retail areas and actual and potential interventions, beginning to understand how stakeholders compare and contrast and what impacts their perceptions have upon their behaviour. The paper adds to the ongoing literature on the regeneration of the UK retail environment by providing insights into the complexity and diversity of secondary retail and how this affects implementing sustainable regeneration.Secondary retail locations have been defined as either; town centre fringe retail streets on the periphery of major town centres, urban district centres within large towns/cities or local centres which are the retail streets of small towns and villages (Hillier Parker, 2000; Tym, 2000). It is necessary to distinguish between these types of secondary shopping areas as they each have distinct issues that merit independent investigation (Tym, 2000). This research is specifically looking at peripheral streets in town centres where the hierarchical terms ‘primary retail areas’ and ‘secondary retail areas’ are used to distinguish between types of retailers present, pedestrian flows, size of retail units and rental values (Baldock et al., 2004). Primary retail areas are characterised by having a high representation of national retailers, larger units and high pedestrian flow and rental values. Secondary retail areas differ in that they are defined as having relatively small retail units and are predominantly occupied by independent retailers with low pedestrian flow and rental values. This definition concurs with definitions used in planning documentation which further state that secondary retail areas are within walking distance of primary retail areasTurner, P, et al. 2018. Aspirations of Retailers and Visitors Towards the Regeneration of Declining Streets in Cities. Future Cities and Environment, 4(1): 14, 1–12, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/fce.45* Energy and Climate Change Division, Sustainable Energy Research Group (www.energy.soton.ac.uk), Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK† Division of Building Services, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, SECorresponding author: Philp Turner ([email protected])CASE STUDIESAspirations of Retailers and Visitors Towards the Regeneration of Declining Streets in CitiesPhilip Turner*, AbuBakr Bahaj* and Despoina Teli†City Centre retail spaces are integral to the sustainability of cities, and within this hierarchy secondary shopping streets, which act as hubs for local communities and businesses, have become isolated. There is now a recognised need for academic studies to reverse these trends in these areas, especially in a UK context. This work analysed and compared stakeholders’ perceptions of urban interventions in a declining secondary retail area in Southampton. The investigation was based on interviews and surveys of stakeholders, as well as observational studies enhanced through analysis of secondary data.This paper presents the outcomes of such investigations addressing the perceptions and behaviours of retailers and visitors, focusing on where these are aligned or divided. The overall results reveal that retailers are more concerned with ‘static’ improvements, such as parking provisions or building façade improvements, while visitors are concerned with active and spatial improvements, with street level interventions being the most important. The results also show that (a) whilst retailers may believe that they understand what visitors require; they differ greatly and (b) many aspirations of retailers are costly or dependant on other businesses’ intentions. Visitor’s desires: include the reuse of vacant stores and creation of public space, which are far more viable, and can be enacted by governance. Such options should be trialled as a means to educate and improve understanding of less traditional interventions. The paper also provides input on ways to make these failing areas more sustainable through a shared vision and wide applicability
Is nature truly healing itself? Spontaneous remissions in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
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Validation of the Molecular International Prognostic Scoring System in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
No full textTidal energy resources assessment in Indonesia: A case study in Alas Strait
No full textWith the instability of oil prices and the increasing of people’s awareness in environmental problems, renewable energy is the key solution of these problems. Tidal energy, with its advantages of being predictable and its high energy density, is one of the most promising renewable energy forms. Indonesia’s topographic conditions with plenty of narrow strait between the islands and its strategic location between two oceans make the tidal energy development in Indonesia looks promising. This study is intended to assess tidal energy resources in Indonesia. A case study in Alas Strait, a pioneer study for this site, is selected among many prospective sites considering its relative shallow depth, high current velocity, and location which far from major shipping line. Princeton Ocean Model (POM) is used to model the flow pattern in the site. It uses the bathymetric map to represent the depth and applies tidal elevation in open boundary condition as generating force. The result from POM is then used to quantify the extractable energy resources using farm method. The model result shows that current velocity in Alas Strait is relatively high, i.e. could reach up to 2 m/s in certain locations during spring tide. Array of typical Marine Current Turbine (MCT) is then placed in specific locations in Alas Strait (depends on water depth) to simulate the tidal energy extraction. New method of estimating downstream current velocity based on direction of the flow is applied to calculate the total power from the array. This results in 27.065 GWh/month for current MCT scenario with depth limitation and 52.736 GWh/month for floating MCT scenario. To conclude, Alas Strait has the potential to be the location of MCT installation. This may be not feasible in the current time since the cost for implementing MCT is still relatively high. However, with the maturity of the technology, lower cost, and the urge to “go green”, this will be applicable in the future.CoMEM - Coastal and Marine Engineering and ManagementHydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Study of fatigue design on marine current turbine support structure, Bali-Indonesia
No full textClean Green energy is being desired all over the globe. It gives cleaner world and healthier environment to live. Most of the green energy resources such as tidal and wave are freely available in large amount and also sustainable. On the other hand, the energy demand is increasing along with population growth. Therefore, researchers are developing the technology of energy converter from these resources to support human activities, business and leisure. Indonesia an archipelago country with plenty of narrow strait and surrounded by two oceans makes this tidal energy extraction looks promising. A pioneer study in Bali Strait as the reference site is selected among other prospective sites. Bali strait has relatively shallow water depth, high current density and high energy demand to support Bali Island and its tourism board. As the equipment of tidal energy converter is placed in severe condition for relatively long period, hence it has to be strength resistance and fatigue resistance. Fatigue failure will cause integrity failure which mostly occurs in the joint connections and at the base of support structure. Therefore, Fatigue design plays an important role in the development of tidal energy converter. Fatigue analysis on MCT support structure is based on experience and engineering judgement. Two established industries, oil and gas exploration and offshore wind turbine, are tailored into marine current turbine development. In addition, a range of representative cases is selected in this dissertation. To conclude, the fatigue service life for MCT support structure located in Bali strait has fulfil the minimum required of 80 years (20 years service life with factor of safety 4.0) with various alternatives. Contrary to the offshore wind turbine (OWT) with natural period at soft-soft range, the recommended natural period range for MCT is placed at soft-stiff range. This because of the MCT support structure requires stiffer and more compact structure as they are exposed to more severe loading compare to OWT. However, another analysis should be conducted such as strength resistance and accidental limit stress in order to have a complete design. On the other hand, Environment Impact Assessment should be prepared as well. In addition, this study might be the first study of fatigue assessment in MCT support structure and should be considered as an opening to a further renewable energy development.CoMEM - Coastal and Marine Engineering and ManagementHydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
2012 Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma Presenting With Upper GI Bleeding and Obstructive Jaundice
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A Rare Case of Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma to the Stomach and Pancreas Presenting With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Obstructive Jaundice
No full textA Case of Multiple Myeloma Associated with Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Gallbladder Manifesting as Acute Cholecystitis
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