554 research outputs found
<Articles>The Economic Development of Tobacco Colonies : The Preconditions for the American Revolution
No full text個人情報保護のため削除部分あり黒人奴隷制に基づくタバコ・プランテーションの展開をみたメリーランド植民地とヴァジニア植民地は、タバコ植民地とも称され、イギリス旧帝国の「辺境」として、従来、そのモノカルチャー的性格が過度に強調されてきた。それゆえ、アメリカ独立革命においてこれら植民地が有した経済史的意義は、しぼしば捨象され、政治史上での理解とのあいだに大きなギャップが存在していたといえよう。そこで本稿では、特にメリーランド植民地を対象に、植民初期から独立前夜までの経済の動向をできる限り計画的に分析することによって、タバコ植民地の持つ独立革命への経済的前提要因を探りだす。本国の航海法体制への反発という「消極的」要因とならんで、従来見過ごされてきた経済構造そのものの変容という現象が、「積極的」要因として、提示されることになるのである。British American Colonies, especially staple-producing southern colonies were very important parts of "the Old Colonial System". As "Tobacco Colonies", Colonial Maryland and Colonial Virginia, which were typical of southern colonies and were "periphery" of the System, developed tobacco plantations based on black slavery. Therefore, their monocultural character has been emphasised by many historians, and their economic-historical significance in the American Revolution, compared with their political-historical meaning, has been underestimated. This paper deals with Colonial Maryland chiefly, and examines the historical development of its economy from the early stage of settlement to the eve of the Revolution. We used quantitative methods to research the economic preconditions for the Revolution that were found in that Tobacco Colony. As a result, we discoverd the "passive" factor: resistance to "the Navigation Acts System" of the mother country, and the "positive" factor : diversification of the economic structure of the Tobacco Colonies, which was not recognized by historians formerly
How ICTs Raise Manufacturing Performance: Firm-level Evidence in Southeast Asia.
No full textThis paper examines the effects of information and communication technologies (ICTs) on business performance, using firm-level data obtained through a questionnaire survey in four ASEAN countries (Indonesia, The Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam). Sources of information and new technologies exchanged via ICTs by firms are also explored to investigate the mechanism behind ICT adoption. Empirical results verify that the introduction of ICT to reorganize business processes is significantly correlated with business performance, in particular the development of export markets and improvement of production management. ICTs facilitate access to information and technologies accumulated in in-house departments and joint-venture (JV) affiliates of the respondent firms. There are considerable differences between multinational companies (MNCs)/JVs and local firms. MNCs/JVs make use of information and technologies obtainable via ICTs from their own R&D departments, JVs established with local partners and foreign-owned suppliers/customers to improve factory management, mostly for product quality improvement and production cost reduction. In contrast, local firms interconnect their own R&D departments via ICTs to enhance their business performance in broader areas than MNCs/JVs, including the development of export markets.
18世紀アメリカに関するエフェメラ : ワシントン・受領証・手形
No full text2014-03-31This paper investigates several interesting aspects of 18th century America utilizing a little over fifteen historical ephemera privately owned by the author. First, as an introduction, the section 1 of the chapter 1 deals with three items concerning George Washington (GW) in their historical contexts: a pocket watch, a medal, and a cameo. An analysis of GWʼs pocket watches from his portraits is an epilogue of the former three articles written by the author in this bulletin on GWʼs timepieces. Historical meanings of a famous memorial medal (“Comitia Americana medal”) issued by the U.S. government in 1780s and dedicated to GW, and a precious “Berlin casting” iron cameo, on which the bust of GW is engraved and had been owned by a descendant of William Floyd, a revolutionary general (now owned by the author) are also analyzed. The section 2 of the chapter 1 treats three valuable ephemera written by relatives of GW: a receipt issued in 1769 by John Washington, a distant relative of GW and an overseer of the Dismal Swamp Company, a check issued in 1839 by Lawrence Lewis, GWʼs favorite nephew, and a check issued in 1846 by George Washington Parke Custis, GWʼs adopted grandson and the original owner of Arlington House. The section 1 of the chapter 2 is an analysis of the “texture” (physical characteristics) of the seventeen ephemera dealt with in this article and other historical documents dealt with in the former articles, which induces interesting facts on the size-system of documents used at that time. The section 2 of the chapter 2 analyzes the text itself of fourteen ephemera such as receipts, promissory notes, and bills of exchange including a receipt for the repayment by Thomas Penn, a son of William Penn, the founder of the colony of Pennsylvania.p.37の史料1、史料2およびp.38-39は都合により掲載しておりませんdepartmental bulletin pape
18世紀アメリカに関するエフェメラ : ワシントン・受領証・手形
No full textThis paper investigates several interesting aspects of 18th century America utilizing a little over fifteen historical ephemera privately owned by the author. First, as an introduction, the section 1 of the chapter 1 deals with three items concerning George Washington (GW) in their historical contexts: a pocket watch, a medal, and a cameo. An analysis of GWʼs pocket watches from his portraits is an epilogue of the former three articles written by the author in this bulletin on GWʼs timepieces. Historical meanings of a famous memorial medal (“Comitia Americana medal”) issued by the U.S. government in 1780s and dedicated to GW, and a precious “Berlin casting” iron cameo, on which the bust of GW is engraved and had been owned by a descendant of William Floyd, a revolutionary general (now owned by the author) are also analyzed. The section 2 of the chapter 1 treats three valuable ephemera written by relatives of GW: a receipt issued in 1769 by John Washington, a distant relative of GW and an overseer of the Dismal Swamp Company, a check issued in 1839 by Lawrence Lewis, GWʼs favorite nephew, and a check issued in 1846 by George Washington Parke Custis, GWʼs adopted grandson and the original owner of Arlington House. The section 1 of the chapter 2 is an analysis of the “texture” (physical characteristics) of the seventeen ephemera dealt with in this article and other historical documents dealt with in the former articles, which induces interesting facts on the size-system of documents used at that time. The section 2 of the chapter 2 analyzes the text itself of fourteen ephemera such as receipts, promissory notes, and bills of exchange including a receipt for the repayment by Thomas Penn, a son of William Penn, the founder of the colony of Pennsylvania.p.37の史料1、史料2およびp.38-39は都合により掲載しておりませ
ChemInform Abstract: Sensitive Determination of Reactive Oxygen Species by Chemiluminescence Methods and Their Application to Biological Samples and Health Foods
No full textRunning from Bondage : An Analysis of the Newspaper Advertisements of RunawaySlaves in Colonial Maryland and Georgia
No full text2006In order to find the actual figures of runaway slaves in colonial Maryland and Georgia, advertisements written by their masters in the Annapolis Maryland Gazette from 1745 through 1769 and the Savannah Georgia Gazette from 1763 through 1769 are analyzed in this paper. Applying such statistical methods as regression, correlation, etc. to the data derived from the advertisements, we describe a typical or an average example of runaway slaves in both colonies, which also suggests cruelty of the “racial slavery.”departmental bulletin pape
Running from Bondage : An Analysis of the Newspaper Advertisements of RunawaySlaves in Colonial Maryland and Georgia
No full textEvaluation of copper compounds using automated multivariate statistical phase analysis of EDX spectral imaging data
No full text- …
