34,917 research outputs found
Gospodarka oparta na wiedzy - diagnoza jej realizacji w wybranych krajach świata
No full textThe article presents the concept of the knowledge economy and the conditions
affecting its shape. The assessment of how effectively an economy is transforming into the
KE is conducted with the use of two methodological approaches: sector-based and holistic.
The article applies the KAM methodology to determine the level of the KE in the world
economy and in selected countries.W artykule przedstawiono istotę gospodarki opartej na wiedzy oraz uwarunkowania
ją kształtujące. Ocena stopnia przeobrażenia danej gospodarki w kierunku
GOW dokonuje się przy wykorzystaniu dwóch podejść metodologicznych: sektorowym
lub holistycznym. W artykule wykorzystano metodologię KAM w celu określenia poziomu
realizacji koncepcji GOW w gospodarce światowej i jej wybranych krajach
LDB2000: sequence-based integrated maps of the human genome
No full textMOTIVATION:
Integrated maps are useful for gene mapping and establishing the relationship between recombination and sequence. In this paper we describe algorithms and their implementation for constructing sequence-based integrated maps of the human chromosomes, which are presented in LDB2000, a web based resource. Gene mapping efforts are now focussing on linkage disequilibrium mapping and extension of the integrated map to represent the extent of linkage disequilibrium in different genomic regions would further increase the utility of these maps.
RESULTS:
Sequence-based integrated maps have been completed for chromosomes 21 and 22. These maps provide locations for genes and polymorphic markers in sequence and on genetic linkage, radiation hybrid and cytogenetic scales. Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with genes in the maps are also included and their sequence locations indicated. Related locus information, such as aliases and expression information, can be searched on the WWW site
Możliwe kierunki liberalizacji handlu rolnego w ramach Rundy Doha a stanowisko Unii Europejskiej. Wnioski dla Polski
No full textThis article aims at presenting the agricultural aspect of ongoing negotiations in the scoupe of the Doha Round. In this paper are set out interests and positions of the most important groups of countries in WTO and key pillars of agriculture negotiations.Negocjacje liberalizujące handel światowy w zakresu rolnictwa w ramach obecnej Rundy Doha koncentrują się na trzech obszarach tematycznych: dostępu do rynku, wsparcia wewnętrznego i konkurencji eksportowej. Kluczowych uczestników tych rokowań można zaklasyfikować w kilka ugrupowań w zależności od postulowanego stopnia otwarcia sektora agrarnego. Do najważniejszych uczestników rokowań należy zaliczyć takie państwa, jak: USA, UE, Brazylię i Indie i to właśnie od uzgodnień tych krajów będzie zależał stopień przyszłej liberalizacji handlu światowego artykułami rolnymi. KE przedstawiła swoje postulaty negocjacyjne w ofercie złożonej 28 października 2005 roku. Największy zakres możliwych do akceptacji ustępstw dotyczy pierwszego filaru negocjacji, z kolei możliwość liberalizacji instrumentów wsparcia eksportu jest najbardziej warunkowa. Ponieważ przyszłe zobowiązania przyjęte przez KE będą wywierać bezpośredni wpływ na warunki funkcjonowania rolnictwa w Polsce, jest konieczne, aby KE zachowała możliwość stosowania środków ochronnych w rolnictwie, takich jak klauzula SSG. Interes gospodarczy Polski wymaga również modyfikacji przez KE listy towarów wrażliwych, tak aby w większym stopniu odzwierciedlała ona produkty rolne cenne dla gospodarki Polski, takie jak: mięso wołowe, wieprzowe, cukier, mleko i produkty mleczne, niektóre owoce i warzywa. Dodatkowo Polska powinna zwiększyć działania promujące jakość i wyjątkowość polskich produktów tradycyjnych i regionalnych. Jest to niezwykle istotne, gdyż w wyniku działań liberalizujących handlu należy oczekiwać zwiększonego napływu towarów rolno-spożywczych z krajów trzecich bez możliwości uzyskania przez Polskę analogicznej rekompensaty. Komitet 133 jest bardzo dobrym miejscem, na forum którego Polska może prezentować swoje kluczowe postulaty chroniące sektor rolny. Poza tym Polska może zabiegać o poparcie dla swojej pozycji wśród krajów, w których sektor agrarny odgrywa równie istotną rolę, jak Francja i Irlandia
Polymer-based treatments to control runoff, leachate and erosion from engineered slopes at Simfer Mine, Guinea, Africa
No full textIt is necessary to understand the erodibility and hydrological response of mine-site slope forming materials (SFMs), because of increasing awareness of the environmental impacts of mining. Steep engineered slopes in high intensity rainfall environments present a serious erosion risk. Temporary surface stabilisers, such as polyacrylamides (PAMs) and polyvinylacrylic latex (PVALs) are potentially cost effective erosion control solutions. In this study PAM and PVAL efficacy to reduce runoff, leachate and erosion was assessed at two application rates, with and without gypsum on SFMs from an iron ore mine in Guinea (West Africa). NSPASS (near-surface photogrammetry assessment of slope forming materials’ surface roughness) is a novel method that integrates digital image capture and GIS. It is shown to detect and quantify surface micro-relief changes of 2-3 mm, not visible to the naked eye.
As expected, soil and non-soil SFMs were significantly different in terms of their physical and chemical properties. Phase I of the study investigated the erodibility of ten SFMs, including soil, ore and waste-rock. The results indicate that the hydrological response to rainfall of most SFMs is to generate leachate. Weathered phyllite (PHY-WEA) is the most erodible SFM by both runoff and leachate. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that magnetic susceptibility, mineralogy and dry aggregate distribution; parameters not commonly assessed in erosion studies, are important in explaining SFM erodibility and hydrological response.
Phase II evaluated critically the effectiveness of three commercially available polymer solutions (two PAMs and one PVAL) at reducing runoff, leachate and erosion from four of the most erodible SFMs identified in Phase I. The results indicate that some PAM and PVAL treatments significantly reduce runoff, leachate and erosion. Polymer efficacy is highly dependent on the physical and chemical properties of the SFM, as well as the mechanism of polymer to SFM adsorption. Increasing the application rate of select treatments lowered leachate volumes, runoff and leachate total sediment loads. Contrary to previous studies, gypsum amendments did not significantly improve polymer efficiency.
This research has added to our understanding of the erodibility and hydrological response of soil and non-soil SFMs. This is the first study to evaluate critically the efficacy of PVALs in controlling erosion from mine-site SFMs. Future studies should continue to optimise NSPASS performance in monitoring changes in surface micro-relief
Primer1: Primer design Web service for Tetra-Primer ARMS-PCR
No full textTetra-primer ARMS-PCR is used extensively as a low cost, single PCR assay requiring no post-PCR manipulation. The design of successful primers depends on a number of variables such as melting temperatures, GC content, complementarity and selection of mismatch bases. The optimal selection of primers can be achieved in an automated way using a program which evaluates candidate primers for a given sequence. The Primer1 software was developed originally for use in the context of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using gel electrophoresis. However, recent applications have been more diverse, reviewed here, and we present an overview of the Primer1 software for primer design and web-service. We have updated the Primer1 program, and provide more complete details of the implementation. We also provide test data and output. The program is now available on a new, efficient, LAMP web service for users at: http://primer1.soton.ac.uk/primer1.htm
Development of a 3d Laser Ball Bar for the Volumetric Error Measurement of Multi-axis Machines
No full text
Exploratory Analysis of Recommending Urban Parks for Health-Promoting Activities
No full textParks are essential spaces for promoting urban health, and recommender systems could assist individuals in discovering parks for leisure and health-promoting activities. This is particularly important in large cities like London, which has over 1,500 named parks, making it challenging to understand what each park offers. Due to the lack of datasets and the diverse health-promoting activities parks can support (e.g., physical, social, nature-appreciation), it is unclear which recommendation algorithms are best suited for this task. To explore the dynamics of recommending parks for specific activities, we created two datasets: one from a survey of over 250 London residents, and another by inferring visits from over 1 million geotagged Flickr images taken in London parks. Analyzing the geographic patterns of these visits revealed that recommending nearby parks is ineffective, suggesting that this recommendation task is distinct from Point of Interest recommendation. We then tested various recommendation models, identifying a significant popularity bias in the results. Additionally, we found that personalized models have advantages in recommending parks beyond the most popular ones. The data and findings from this study provide a foundation for future research on park recommendations
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