927 research outputs found
Thereza murutinga Dasilva & Pinto-Da-Rocha, 2012, sp. nov.
No full textThereza murutinga sp. nov. (Figs. 1–4, 9– 10) Type-material: BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Parati (Estrada Parati– Cunha, 1300 m a.s.l., 23 º 10 ’ 37 ”S 44 º 49 ’ 54 ”W), M.B. da Silva and H.Y. Yamaguti leg., XI. 2005, male holotype and one male paratype (genitalia examined) (MZSP 36447). Etymology. (word) From Brazilian indigenous language, meaning “white,” in reference to the beautiful pearl color that dominates the dorsal scutum of this species. Male description (holotype): Measurements. Dorsal scutum: length 4.6; maximal width 4.3. Prosoma: length 1.7; width 2.5. Femur IV length 10.7. Dorsum (Figs. 1, 2, 4). Anterior margin of dorsal scutum with scattered tubercles. Ocularium with two tubercles. Lateral margin of dorsal scutum with a row of tubercles between ozopores to area II. Areas I and posterior half of III divided by a longitudinal median groove; I with one tubercle on each side; II with two on each side; III with two parallel and slightly backwards spines with blunt apex, with minute-tuberculate base. Posterior margin of dorsal scutum, free tergites and anal operculum minute-tuberculate. Venter. Coxa I with one median row of six high tubercles (tubercles higher than those of other podomeres) and three apical tubercles; II with six anterior tubercles, a median row of eight high tubercles and 12 posterior minute tubercles, three apical; III–IV irregularly and densely tuberculate. Genital operculum, stigmatic area, free sternites and anal operculum densely minute-tuberculate. Chelicera. Segment I smooth; II–III with three and four teeth, respectively. Pedipalp (Fig. 3). Coxa smooth. Trochanter with one ventral tubercle. Femur short, with six ventral minute tubercles. Patella smooth. Tibial setation: ectal and mesal IiIi. Tarsal setation: ectal and mesal II. Legs. Coxa I with one anterior tubercle and a posterior one; II with one anterior large tubercle (near ozopore) and a posterior one, not fused with the anterior tubercle of III; coxa III with one anterior tubercle; IV with one retrolateral apical tubercle. Trochanter I with four ventral tubercles; II with five ventral tubercles and four retrolateral ones; III with five ventral tubercles and three retrolateral ones; IV with six ventral tubercles and three retrolateral ones. Femora–tibiae I–IV minute-tuberculate. Tarsal segmentation: 7, 16, 13–14, 17 – 18. Distitarsus I three-segmented; II four-segmented. Tarsal claw pectinate. Penis (Figs. 9, 10). Stylus thin, sinuous and long, with several subapical short hairs, apex folded dorsally. Ventral process of glans with a lance-like apex, lateral projections on basal third. Ventral plate with wide V-shaped cleft on apical margin (corners bent ventrally), lateral margins convergent from basal group of setae to subapical one; with three pairs of subapical setae; four pairs of setae on basal lobe (basalmost shortest); three pairs of short setae on lateral-median region (one pair more ventrally placed). Coloration (Fig. 4). Body, anterior and posterior margin of dorsal scutum, ocularium, lateral of prosoma, region behind ocularium, free tergites, chelicerae, pedipalps, and basal half of legs yellowish orange. Prosoma with a pair of white pearl patches from lateral of ocularium to groove I and a black stripe in the inner side of those patches. Areas I–III almost entirely covered by white pearl patch which is surrounded by a black stripe (except longitudinal median groove of area I); spines of area III blackish. Lateral of coxa IV with oval white pearl patch surrounded by black stripe. Venter with a pentagonal white pearl patch. Apical part of legs from half of femora black. Female unknown. Geographical distribution (Fig. 15): Known only from type locality.Published as part of Dasilva, Marcio Bernardino & Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo, 2012, Descriptions of Thereza murutinga sp. nov. and Pristocnemis caipira sp. nov., and new records of Caelopyginae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptidae), pp. 25-38 in Zootaxa 3317 on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28113
Thereza murutinga Dasilva & Pinto-Da-Rocha, 2012, sp. nov.
No full textThereza murutinga sp. nov. (Figs. 1–4, 9– 10) Type-material: BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Parati (Estrada Parati– Cunha, 1300 m a.s.l., 23 º 10 ’ 37 ”S 44 º 49 ’ 54 ”W), M.B. da Silva and H.Y. Yamaguti leg., XI. 2005, male holotype and one male paratype (genitalia examined) (MZSP 36447). Etymology. (word) From Brazilian indigenous language, meaning “white,” in reference to the beautiful pearl color that dominates the dorsal scutum of this species. Male description (holotype): Measurements. Dorsal scutum: length 4.6; maximal width 4.3. Prosoma: length 1.7; width 2.5. Femur IV length 10.7. Dorsum (Figs. 1, 2, 4). Anterior margin of dorsal scutum with scattered tubercles. Ocularium with two tubercles. Lateral margin of dorsal scutum with a row of tubercles between ozopores to area II. Areas I and posterior half of III divided by a longitudinal median groove; I with one tubercle on each side; II with two on each side; III with two parallel and slightly backwards spines with blunt apex, with minute-tuberculate base. Posterior margin of dorsal scutum, free tergites and anal operculum minute-tuberculate. Venter. Coxa I with one median row of six high tubercles (tubercles higher than those of other podomeres) and three apical tubercles; II with six anterior tubercles, a median row of eight high tubercles and 12 posterior minute tubercles, three apical; III–IV irregularly and densely tuberculate. Genital operculum, stigmatic area, free sternites and anal operculum densely minute-tuberculate. Chelicera. Segment I smooth; II–III with three and four teeth, respectively. Pedipalp (Fig. 3). Coxa smooth. Trochanter with one ventral tubercle. Femur short, with six ventral minute tubercles. Patella smooth. Tibial setation: ectal and mesal IiIi. Tarsal setation: ectal and mesal II. Legs. Coxa I with one anterior tubercle and a posterior one; II with one anterior large tubercle (near ozopore) and a posterior one, not fused with the anterior tubercle of III; coxa III with one anterior tubercle; IV with one retrolateral apical tubercle. Trochanter I with four ventral tubercles; II with five ventral tubercles and four retrolateral ones; III with five ventral tubercles and three retrolateral ones; IV with six ventral tubercles and three retrolateral ones. Femora–tibiae I–IV minute-tuberculate. Tarsal segmentation: 7, 16, 13–14, 17 – 18. Distitarsus I three-segmented; II four-segmented. Tarsal claw pectinate. Penis (Figs. 9, 10). Stylus thin, sinuous and long, with several subapical short hairs, apex folded dorsally. Ventral process of glans with a lance-like apex, lateral projections on basal third. Ventral plate with wide V-shaped cleft on apical margin (corners bent ventrally), lateral margins convergent from basal group of setae to subapical one; with three pairs of subapical setae; four pairs of setae on basal lobe (basalmost shortest); three pairs of short setae on lateral-median region (one pair more ventrally placed). Coloration (Fig. 4). Body, anterior and posterior margin of dorsal scutum, ocularium, lateral of prosoma, region behind ocularium, free tergites, chelicerae, pedipalps, and basal half of legs yellowish orange. Prosoma with a pair of white pearl patches from lateral of ocularium to groove I and a black stripe in the inner side of those patches. Areas I–III almost entirely covered by white pearl patch which is surrounded by a black stripe (except longitudinal median groove of area I); spines of area III blackish. Lateral of coxa IV with oval white pearl patch surrounded by black stripe. Venter with a pentagonal white pearl patch. Apical part of legs from half of femora black. Female unknown. Geographical distribution (Fig. 15): Known only from type locality.Published as part of Dasilva, Marcio Bernardino & Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo, 2012, Descriptions of Thereza murutinga sp. nov. and Pristocnemis caipira sp. nov., and new records of Caelopyginae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptidae), pp. 25-38 in Zootaxa 3317 on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28113
Mathematical modeling of a solid oxide fuel cell operating on biogas
No full textSolid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are the most efficient devices for directly converting the chemical energy of a fuel into electrical energy. This is one of the main reasons why these fuel cells have received a lot of attention from the scientific community and from several developers who have invested in the use of this technology in various applications. Biogas is one of the products of anaerobic decomposition (absence of gaseous oxygen) of organic matter, which occurs due to the action of certain types of bacteria. Biogas is mainly composed of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and its use in solid oxide fuel cells has been investigated since Biogas is a renewable biofuel. The aim of this paper was to perform mathematical modeling of a solid oxide fuel cell operating on biogas. The results confirmed that the overall efficiency of the system is above 94% and the largest irreversibilities of the system are related to heat exchangers
Ampheres leucopheus Mello-Leitao
No full textAmpheres leucopheus (Mello-Leitão) New records: BRAZIL. São Paulo: Miracatu (Morro do Fau, 24 º 11 ’ 14 ’’S 47 º 29 ’ 23 ’’W), R. Pinto-da-Rocha, R. S. Bérnils, E. Howaldt and M. Matsumoto leg., 19.XII. 1998, (MZSP 17052); Ribeirão Grande (Bairro Sumidouro), R.S. Bérnils and F. Stender leg., 1–9. VI. 2003, (MNRJ 17429); Sete Barras (Rio Quilombo), E. Pelegrine and U. Caramaschi leg., 21–22.XI. 1975 (MNRJ 11592).Published as part of Dasilva, Marcio Bernardino & Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo, 2012, Descriptions of Thereza murutinga sp. nov. and Pristocnemis caipira sp. nov., and new records of Caelopyginae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptidae), pp. 25-38 in Zootaxa 3317 on page 33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28113
Psychophysiological Responses to Self-paced Treadmill and Overground Exercise
No full textSpeculation exists that a positive affective response experienced during exercise may play an important role in predicting exercise adherence. Previous studies using self-paced exercise protocols have been associated with health benefits and pleasant experiences. However, all of these studies were conducted in laboratories, and consequently, the external validity of the findings may be questionable.
PURPOSE: To determine whether environmental settings (treadmill vs overground) differentially influence physiological, perceptual, and affective responses to exercise at a self-selected pace.
METHODS: Thirty-four individuals (17 men and 17 women) between 18 and 30 yr volunteered to participate in this study. During the orientation session, individuals underwent an initial screening, anthropometric measurements, and familiarization with the experimental procedures. Next, subjects underwent a maximal treadmill test. In the two experimental trials, participants performed 20-min bouts of treadmill and overground walking at a self-selected pace, which were completed in a counterbalanced order. At least 48 h separated experimental trials.
RESULTS: Using repeated-measures ANOVA, overground walking speed was significantly faster than treadmill walking speed (P < 0.01) during the 20-min bout of self-paced exercise. However, exercise intensity (%VO2R and %HRR) and perceived exertion during the session of overground walking were significantly lower (P < 0.05) when compared with those during the treadmill session. In addition, affective valence was more positive during the session of overground walking than during the treadmill session (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: These data extend previous findings by showing that environmental setting influences physiological, perceptual, and affective responses during exercise at a self-selected pace. Self-paced exercise performed over ground resulted in lower perceptual and more positive affective responses
Gender-based differences in substrate use during exercise at a self-selected pace
No full textThe aim of this study was to investigate gender-based
differences in substrate use during exercise at a self-selected
pace. Seventeen men and 17 women performed a maximal
exercise test and a 20-minute bout of self-paced treadmill
walking to determine carbohydrate and fat oxidation rates. Gas
exchange measurements were performed throughout the tests,
and stoichiometric equations were used to calculate substrate
oxidation rates. For each individual, a best-fit polynomial curve
was constructed using fat oxidation rate (gmin21) vs. exercise
intensity (percentage of maximal oxygen uptake, % _ VO2max).
Each individual curve was used to obtain the following
variables: maximal fat oxidation (MFO), the peak rate of fat
oxidation measured over the entire range of exercise intensities;
fatmax, the exercise intensity at which the MFO was observed;
and fatmax zone, range of exercise intensities with fat oxidation
rates within 10% of fat oxidation rates at fatmax. Although the
MFO was similar between genders, fatmax was lower in men
than in women. Similarly, the ‘‘low’’ and ‘‘high’’ borders of the
fatmax zone were lower in men than in women. During exercise at
a self-selected pace, carbohydrate oxidation rates were greater
in men than in women, despite no gender-based differences in
fat oxidation rates. However, fat oxidation contribution to total
energy expenditure (EE) was greater in women than in men,
despite no gender-based differences in the exercise intensity. In
conclusion, although both genders self-selected a similar
exercise intensity, the contribution of fat oxidation to EE is
greater in women than in men. Interestingly, both genders selfselected
an exercise intensity that falls within the fatmax zone
Pristocnemis pustulatus Kollar
No full text<i>Pristocnemis pustulatus</i> Kollar in Koch <p> New records: BRAZIL. São Paulo: Bananal (Pousada Brejal), J.P. Pombal and O.C. Oliveira leg., 8.V.1998 (MNRJ 4865); São Sebastião (Ilha Bela) (MZSP); Miracatu (Serra de Itimirim, border with Iguape, 24º22’30’’S 47º31’08’’W), R. Pinto-da-Rocha and R.S. Bérnils leg., 20.XII.1998 (MZSP 17246); idem (Morro do Fau), R. Pinto-da-Rocha, R.S. Bérnils, E. Howaldt and M. Matsumoto leg., 19.XII.1998 (MZSP 17045); idem (Pedro Barros, 24º15’36’’S 47º21’15’’W), R. Pinto-da-Rocha, R.S. Bérnils, E. Howaldt and M. Matsumoto leg., 18.XII.1998 (MZSP 17285); idem (Teagem, 24º15’47’’S 47º27’26’’W), R. Pinto-da-Rocha, R.S. Bérnils and M. Matsumoto leg., 20.XII.1998 (MZSP 17297); Jacupiranga (Parque Estadual de Jacupiranga, Núcleo Caverna do Diabo, 24°38'09''S 48°24'11''W), E. Aguiar and F.C. Domenico leg., 25–28.IV.2006 (MZSP 29222); Cotia (Reserva Florestal Morro Grande), R. Pinto-da-Rocha <i>et al.</i> leg., 02–25.VII.2006 (MZSP 30521); Ibiúna (Parque Estadual Jurupará), M.C. Forlani leg., II.2009 (MZSP 30711).</p>Published as part of <i>Dasilva, Marcio Bernardino & Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo, 2012, Descriptions of Thereza murutinga sp. nov. and Pristocnemis caipira sp. nov., and new records of Caelopyginae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptidae), pp. 25-38 in Zootaxa 3317</i> on page 34, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/281134">10.5281/zenodo.281134</a>
Physiological and perception responses comparison during treadmill walking at self-selected pace between genders | [Comparação das respostas fisiológicas e perceptuais obtidas durante caminhada na esteira em ritmo autosselecionado entre os sexos]
No full textThe aim of this study was to compare physiological and perception responses between genders during treadmill walking at self-selected pace. 17 men and 17 women aged 23.32 ± 3.06 yr were investigated: (I) anthropometric assessment and incremental exhaustion test, (II) a 20-minute walking bout on treadmill at their self-selected pace. The independent t test was utilized to verify any gender differences, with a level of p < 0.05. The self-selected walking pace was significantly greater in men than women (1.65 ± 0.18 and 1.50 ± 0.12 m.sec-1, respectively), and consequently resulted in higher absolute VO2 for men compared to women (21.2 ± 5.5 and 18.3 ± 2.7, respectively). However, both genders self-selected a similar relative exercise intensity %VO2max (37.5 ± 10.7 and 40.3 ± 7.2 for men and women, respectively). The subjective perceived exertion (SPE) did not differ between genders (10.2 ± 1.0 and 9.8 ± 1.2 for men and women, respectively). The results of the present study demonstrated that regardless of gender, physically active young adults self-selected a similar relative exercise intensity that reflected in similar SPE. Furthermore, gait at self-selected intensity was insufficient to improve cardio-respiratory fitness in this sample
The influence of adiposity on physiological, perceptual, and affective responses during walking at a self-selected pace
No full textThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of adiposity (%body fat) on physiological, perceptual, and affective responses during walking. 45 women were divided into low, medium, and high tertiles according to %body fat. Each participant completed a maximal exercise test and a 20-min. bout of walking at a self-selected pace. The preferred walking speed was similar among groups, whereas %VO(2) max was greater in the high tertile group compared with the other two groups. Nevertheless, perceptual and affective responses were similar between the groups. These findings suggest that physiological responses relative to maximal capacity but not perceptual and affective responses, of sedentary women are influenced by adiposity during walking at a self-selected pace. However, when the physiological responses are relative to ventilatory threshold, there are no differences between individuals with different levels of adiposity
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