69 research outputs found
Hemorrhage Rates and Risk Factors in the Natural History Course of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations
No full textBrain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal connections of arteries and veins, resulting in arteriovenous shunting of blood. Primary medical therapy is lacking; treatment options include surgery, radiosurgery, and embolization, often in combination. Judicious selection of AVM patients for treatment requires balancing risk of treatment complications against the risk of hemorrhage in the natural history course. This review focuses on the epidemiology, hemorrhage risk, and factors influencing risk of hemorrhage in the untreated natural course associated with sporadic brain AVM. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Commentary: Outcome After Clipping and Coiling for Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Clinical Practice in Europe, USA, and Australia
No full text
The natural history of AVM hemorrhage in the posterior fossa: comparison of hematoma volumes and neurological outcomes in patients with ruptured infra- and supratentorial AVMs.
No full textHemorrhage Rates and Risk Factors in the Natural History Course of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations
No full textMeasurement of Both the Equilibrium Constant and Rate Constant for Electronic Energy Transfer by Control of the Limiting Kinetic Regimes
No full textElectronic energy transfer can fall into two limiting cases. When the rate of the energy transfer back reaction is much faster than relaxation of the acceptor excited state, equilibrium between the donor and acceptor excited states is achieved and only the equilibrium constant for the energy transfer can be measured. When the rate of the back reaction is much slower than relaxation of the acceptor, the energy transfer is irreversible and only the forward rate constant can be measured. Herein, we demonstrate that with trans-[Cr(d4-cyclam)(CN)2]+ as the donor and either trans-[Cr([15]ane-ane-N4)(CN)2]+ or trans-[Cr(cyclam)(CN)2]+ as the acceptor, both limits can be obtained by control of the donor concentration. The equilibrium constant and rate constant for the case in which trans-[Cr([15]ane-ane-N4)(CN)2]+ is the acceptor are 0.66 and 1.7 × 107 M−1 s−1, respectively. The equilibrium constant is in good agreement with the value of 0.60 determined using the excited state energy gap between the donor and acceptor species. For the thermoneutral case in which trans-[Cr(cyclam)(CN)2]+ is the acceptor, an experimental equilibrium constant of 0.99 was reported previously, and the rate constant has now been measured as 4.0 × 107 M−1 s−1
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