384,360 research outputs found
Déjà vu experiences in healthy subjects are unrelated to laboratory tests of recollection and familiarity for word stimuli
No full textRecent neuropsychological and neuroscientific research suggests that people who experience more déjà vu display characteristic patterns in normal recognition memory. We conducted a large individual differences study (n = 206) to test these predictions using recollection and familiarity parameters recovered from a standard memory task. Participants reported déjà vu frequency and a number of its correlates, and completed a recognition memory task analogous to a Remember-Know procedure. The individual difference measures replicated an established correlation between déjà vu frequency and frequency of travel, and recognition performance showed well-established word frequency and accuracy effects. Contrary to predictions, no relationships were found between déjà vu frequency and recollection or familiarity memory parameters from the recognition test. We suggest that déjà vu in the healthy population reflects a mismatch between errant memory signalling and memory monitoring processes not easily characterised by standard recognition memory task performance.Peer reviewe
The persistence of erroneous familiarity in an epileptic male : Challenging perceptual theories of déjà vu activation
No full textWe report the case of a 39-year-old, temporal lobe epileptic male, MH. Prior to complex partial seizure, experienced up to three times a day, MH often experiences an aura experienced as a persistent sensation of deja vu. Data-driven theories of deja vu formation suggest that partial familiarity for the perceived stimulus is responsible for the sensation. Consequently, diverting attention away from this stimulus should cause the sensation to dissipate. MH, whose sensations of deja vu persist long enough for him to shift his perceptual focus a number of times during the experience, spontaneously reports that these shifts make no difference to the sensation experienced. This novel observation challenges data-driven theories of deja vu formation which have been used to explain the occurrence of deja vu in those with temporal lobe epilepsy and the general population. Clearly, in epilepsy, erratic neuronal firing is the likely contributor, and in this paper we postulate that such brain firing causes higher-order erroneous 'cognitive feelings'. We tentatively extend this account to the general population. Rather than being a reaction to familiar elements in perceptual stimuli, deja vu is likely to be the result of a cognitive feeling borne of the erroneous activation of neural familiarity circuits such as the parahippocampal gyrus, persisting as long as this activation persists. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe
Recognition without identification, erroneous familiarity, and déjà vu
No full textDéjà vu is characterized by the recognition of a situation concurrent with the awareness that this recognition is inappropriate. Although forms of déjà vu resolve in favor of the inappropriate recognition and therefore have behavioral consequences, typical déjà vu experiences resolve in favor of the awareness that the sensation of recognition is inappropriate. The resultant lack of behavioral modification associated with typical déjà vu means that clinicians and experimenters rely heavily on self-report when observing the experience. In this review, we focus on recent déjà vu research. We consider issues facing neuropsychological, neuroscientific, and cognitive experimental frameworks attempting to explore and experimentally generate the experience. In doing this, we suggest the need for more experimentation and amore cautious interpretation of research findings, particularly as many techniques being used to explore déjà vu are in the early stages of development.Peer reviewe
Déjà Vu in the Laboratory : A Behavioral and Experiential Comparison of Posthypnotic Amnesia and Posthypnotic Familiarity
No full textThis experiment aimed to create a laboratory analogue of deja vu. During hypnosis, 1 group of high hypnotizables completed a puzzle game and then received a posthypnotic amnesia suggestion to forget the game (PHA condition). Another group of highs were not given the game but received a posthypnotic familiarity suggestion that it would feel familiar (PHF condition). After hypnosis, all participants were given the game and described their reactions to it. Whereas 83% of participants in both conditions passed their respective suggestions, more in the PHF condition felt a sense of deja vu. An EAT inquiry revealed that they experienced sensory fascination and confusion about the source of familiarity, akin to everyday deja vu. These findings highlight the value of using hypnosis as a laboratory analogue of deja vu and provide a framework for investigating clinical manifestations of this phenomenon.Peer reviewe
The awareness of novelty for strangely familiar words : a laboratory analogue of the déjà vu experience
No full textAkira O’Connor is supported by a SINAPSE (Scottish Imaging Network: A Platform for Scientific Excellence) fellowship. Josephine Urquhart was supported by the University of St Andrews URIP Scheme.Déjà vu is a nebulous memory experience defined by a clash between evaluations of familiarity and novelty for the same stimulus. We sought to generate it in the laboratory by pairing a DRM recognition task, which generates erroneous familiarity for critical words, with a monitoring task by which participants realise that some of these erroneously familiar words are in fact novel. We tested 30 participants in an experiment in which we varied both participant awareness of stimulus novelty and erroneous familiarity strength. We found that déjà vu reports were most frequent for high novelty critical words (~25%), with low novelty critical words yielding only baseline levels of déjà vu report frequency (~10%). There was no significant variation in déjà vu report frequency according to familiarity strength. Discursive accounts of the experimentally-generated déjà vu experience suggest that aspects of the naturalistic déjà vu experience were captured by this analogue, but that the analogue was also limited in its focus and prone to influence by demand characteristics. We discuss theoretical and methodological considerations relevant to further development of this procedure and propose that verifiable novelty is an important component of both naturalistic and experimental analogues of déjà vu.Peer reviewe
A breakthrough with multifunctional unbreachable dykes: A case study analysis to enable implementation of multifunctional unbreachable dykes to increase cost-effectiveness of Dutch flood protection
No full textThe Netherlands is not well protected against flooding and limited budget it available for improvements. Therefore, this research investigates in what way the cost-effectiveness of Dutch flood protection can be improved with the use of multifunctional unbreachable dykes. The multifunctional unbreachable dyke, a dyke combined with additional user functions such as buildings, nature and recreation, is found to be an appropriate measure to improve cost-effectiveness of Dutch flood protection. Three challenges (assessment tools, funding and institutional organization) are determined from earlier research that make implementation of multifunctional unbreachable dykes difficult. With the use of case study analysis of ten cases it turned out that these challenges not only can cause failure of implementation, they can also contribute to cost-ineffective applicatio
[Mosquée et couvent de l'émir Chaïkhou]. Couvent. Le sahn vu du sud-est (cliché C. M. A.)
No full text[Mosquée et couvent de l'émir Chaïkhou]. Couvent. Le sahn vu du sud-est (cliché C. M. A.). In: Comité de Conservation des Monuments de l'Art Arabe. Fascicule 32, exercice 1915-1919, 1922. p. 25
[Mosquée et couvent de l'émir Chaïkhou]. Couvent. Le sahn vu du sud-est (cliché C. M. A.)
No full text[Mosquée et couvent de l'émir Chaïkhou]. Couvent. Le sahn vu du sud-est (cliché C. M. A.). In: Comité de Conservation des Monuments de l'Art Arabe. Fascicule 32, exercice 1915-1919, 1922. p. 25
- …
