992 research outputs found
Skin irritation from a facial mask in Class III malocclusion: evaluation of individual silicone chin cups in a group of 100 children
No full textBACKGROUND:
Reverse headgear (a facial mask) is one of the most frequently used interceptive orthodontic devices in patients with Class III malocclusion. It is a simple device but may present some drawbacks related to pressure on the skin generated by the forehead and chin supports linked to the maxillary intraoral appliance by elastics. This can cause injury to the chin and lips.
METHODS:
Patients between 7 and 8 years of age were selected from the Unit of Pediatric Dentistry. Orthopedic therapy with a rapid palatal expander and reverse headgear was prescribed for all subjects. The patients were divided into two groups: those who used a facial mask without a silicone chin cup and those who used a facial mask with a silicone chin cup.
RESULTS:
Two-hundred subjects including 90 male patients and 110 female patients were enrolled. The groups that used a facial mask with and without a silicone chin cup included 100 patients each. The percentage of subjects without irritation was significantly greater in the group with a silicone chin cup than in the group without a silicone chin cup.
CONCLUSIONS:
The authors propose a simple and effective solution to prevent skin irritation on the chin caused by a facial mask. A chin mask is a custom solution that can prevent injury to the chin during treatment when coupled with facial mask therapy
Minimally invasive orthodontics: elastodontic therapy in a growing patient affected by Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
No full textAIM:
The aim of the study was to report the use of an elastodontic therapy in a growing patient affected by Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, second class malocclusion, deep bite and lower arch crowding from the deciduous dentition to permanent one.
CASE REPORT:
At first, the 5-year-old patient was treated with an elastodontic device known as "Nite-Guide". When the patient was 7 years old, during her first permanent molars and incisors eruption and after optimal house-practices, an Occlus-o-Guide Series G was placed at night and on daylight (two hours a day) performing exercises aimed to activate facial muscles and facilitate the deep bite reopening. At 9 years of age, with totally deep bite resolution, she used the Occluso-Guide only at night to hold down previous results and follow patient's dental growth. At 11 years of age, after successful teeth switching, we prescribed an Occlus-o-Guide Series N, which is functional for permanent dentition and guaranteed an eruptive guide for last dental elements.
CONCLUSIONS:
This clinic case could be considered an example of approach for all those patients with systemic and/or dental diseases that do not allow adequate dental retention, which is necessary for most orthodontic appliances; elastodontic devices do not require adequate dental retention and define a minimum intervention on the surfaces of the teeth
Difficult-to-treat OSAS: combined continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and mandibular advancement devices (MADs) therapy. A case report
No full textBackground: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and is characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete upper airway collapse during sleep with consequent oxygen desaturations and cardiovascular, neurological, and metabolic impairment.
Clinical presentation: The authors report the case of a 66-year-old male presenting “metabolic syndrome” (obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, multi-drug treated arterial hypertension), atopy, mouth breathing due to turbinate hypertrophy, and pathological daytime sleepiness. As patient’s compliance to standard continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy was poor, he was treated using low-pressure CPAP combined with a mandibular advancement device (MAD).
Conclusion: In selected patients, a treatment combining CPAP and MAD might be a more tolerable alternative to CPAP alone. The improved pharyngeal patency, promoted by mandibular advancement and stretching of the pharyngeal muscles, allows operating the CPAP at lower pressures when the MAD alone is not sufficient to induce a safe sleep profile
Pediatric patients tolerance: a comparative study about using of Er:YAG laser and self-adhesive flowable composite for treatment of primary decayed teeth
No full textAim. To verify the tolerance of children aged between 3 and 8 years, having class I caries and treated with Er:YAG laser in association with a new self-adhesive flowable resin in comparison with a highspeed diamond bur and a conventional flowable resin treatment.
Methods. A group of 80 healthy children (43 males and 37 females) ranging in age from 3 to 8 years, who had been diagnosed with at least one active occlusal non-cavitated superficial carious lesions in first or second deciduous molars, were selected for the present study. They were divided in 4 groups: group A: Class I occlusal cavities prepared using an Er: YAG laser and a self-adhesive flowable resin; Group B: Class I occlusal cavities prepared using an Er: YAG laser and a conventional flowable resin; Group C: Class I occlusal cavities prepared using a high-speed diamond bur and a self-adhesive flowable resin; Group D: Class I occlusal cavities prepared using a high-speed diamond bur and a conventional flowable resin. Before and after the treatments the patient tolerance was tested with the modified Wong-Baker pain level scale.
Results. In the first group, the tolerance rate was 95% with 0 score (no hurt) for 19 patients; in Group D, the tolerance rate was 75%. Just one child of group D experienced hurting worst because of non cooperative patient.
Conclusion. From these results it emerged that, although the limits of the study, Er:Yag laser in association with self-adhering composite, is very effective in pediatric dentistry and is a good treatment option especially for non cooperative patients
Healing environment in pediatric dentistry: strategies adopted by “Sapienza” University of Rome
No full textChildren’s dental anxiety has been of great worry for many years and it is still a barrier for dental care. According to recent guidelines for oral health prevention in childhood, additional strategies for a preventive care should be applied for pediatric patients. So it’s important to encourage pediatric dentists to develop a “child-friendly” environment for treating children. Environmental elements that produce positive feelings can reduce anxiety. The analysis of environmental design and features applied in Pediatric Dentistry Unit, Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, highlighted special attention to the aspects supporting sensory conditions (colors, light, spatial organization); reassurance strategies (decorations, dental team attire, drawings); anxiety control strategies (playing area, TV, comics, toys); behavioral management strategies (positive reinforcement, modeling); in-formation (brochures, posters)
Orthodontic Management in Pediatric Patients with Rare Diseases: Case Reports
No full textBackground: The orthodontic management of pediatric patients with rare diseases, such as Ectodermal Dysplasia (ED) and Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), requires complex protocols due to dental anomalies in both the number and structure of teeth. These conditions necessitate a departure from traditional orthodontic approaches, as skeletal anchoring is often required because of these anomalies. Case Presentation: A patient with ED, characterized by hypodontia and malformed teeth, presented with insufficient natural teeth for anchorage. This challenge was addressed using a Maxillary Skeletal Expander (MSE) with miniscrews. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and cephalometric radiographs were used to assess bone density, which guided the creation of a customized hybrid device. A second patient with OI, a condition causing fragile bones, had malformed teeth and a high risk of fractures. Skeletal anchoring with MSE and miniscrews was chosen to avoid damaging brittle bones. The fragile nature of the patient’s bones required careful planning and close monitoring throughout the treatment process. Both patients were treated at the UOC of Pediatric Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, using MSE with miniscrews. Pre- and post-treatment imaging (CBCT and cephalometric radiographs) were used to evaluate bone quality and monitor progress. Skeletal anchoring successfully addressed the unique challenges in both cases, achieving outcomes comparable to those in unaffected patients. Discsussions: despite limited bone volume, MSE successfully achieved maxillary arch expansion and improved occlusion. Post-treatment radiographs showed successful maxillary expansion and alignment without complications. Conclusions: This case series highlighted the effectiveness of MSE with miniscrews in treating patients with rare diseases. It advances orthodontic management by offering reliable solutions for complex cases involving dental anomalies and compromised bone structures
Peek polymer in orthodontics: a pilot study on children
No full textThe purpose of the study has been making the orthodontic space maintainers in PEEK polymer (Polyetheretherketone) through a digital workflow. New digital technologies are taking hold in diagnosis, therapy and in dental laboratories. The digital world can help dentist in diagnosis and therapy: -diagnosis through the acquisition of radiographic images (CBCT) or scanners which allow the creation of 3D digital models - about therapy thanks to dental CAD CAM system. It consists of design devices through an dedicated software CAD and then realize devices through CAM system. We used digital system to improve the quality of the treatment and reduce costs. Peek polymer, subject of studies in recent years, thanking to its characteristics, resulted useful for this study. According to a nine month- follow up the devices were found comfortable, satisfying, personalized and minimally visible for the patients. These devices were found suitable to maintain the space. About material, thanks to its dimensional stability, mechanical strength but specially, thanks to its biocompatibility, PEEK was found as a very good material to build space maintainers. The workflow allowed a simulation of the treatment plan with a better collaboration and acceptance of the patient. Digital system reduced the systematic mistakes during the various phases and the production time. The digital system saved space creating a virtual plaster casts collectio
Baby Food and Oral Health: Knowledge of the Existing Interaction
No full textBackground: The purpose of this study is to verify parents’ knowledge of child nutrition and their awareness of the interaction between unhealthy sugars in their child’s diet and caries formation. Methods: a questionnaire was proposed using Instagram to analyze type of breastfeeding; type of weaning and diet; home oral hygiene maneuvers; bad habits (use of pacifiers, bottles, and sugary substances); knowledge on the usefulness of fluoride; and first dental visit. A total of 200 parents from different regions of Italy with children aged 2 months to 6 years were contacted. Results showed that 66% parents preferred breastfeeding, while the remaining 34% chose artificial breastfeeding. Fifty percent (100 babies) started weaning at six months, 20% (40 babies) at the fifth month, 13.5% (27 babies) at the fourth month, and only 11.5% (23 babies) in a range from the seventh to ninth month of life. Oral hygiene practices were performed only by 25% of parents before eruption of the first tooth. After eruption of the first tooth, there is greater attention to home oral hygiene practices: 59% of parents carry out and teach their children daily home oral hygiene maneuvers. Conclusions: it is possible to raise awareness among parents and caregivers on the importance of food education
LA LINGUA DI LUIGI EINAUDI FRA CLASSICISMO E PATHOS
No full textL’autrice fa una lettura linguistica dei testi di Luigi Einaudi, per individuare i caratteri lessicali, stilistici e retorici degli scritti dell’economista, del divulgatore, del giornalista, del presidente della Repubblica. Su di essi ha pesato a lungo l’etichetta di scrittore nitido, ordinato, algido. In realtà, sottoponendo la sua vastissima produzione scritta a un esame ravvicinato, emerge la straordinaria capacità nell’uso di modalità linguistiche varie: solennità sintattica e affabilità colloquiale, modi popolari e invenzioni lessicali, descrizioni a forti tinte e sobrietà estrema. Valeria Della Valle, The language of Luigi Einaudi between classicism and pathos, in Luigi Einaudi: economic freedom and social cohesion, by Alfredo Gigliobianco, Rome-Bari, 2010, p. 138-154. The author makes a linguistic reading of texts by Luigi Einaudi, to identify the lexical, stylistic and rhetorical characters of the writings of the economist, the popularizer, the journalist, the President of the Italian Republic. On them has long weighed the label of a crisp, neat, icy writer. In fact, subjecting its vast production on close examination, it reveals the extraordinary ability in the use of various language modes: solemnity, friendly conversational syntactic, lexical inventions and popular modes, descriptions with bright colors and extreme simplicity
White middle-class men in Rio de Janeiro. The making of a dominant subject
No full textBased on the biographical accounts of upper-middle-class white men living in wealthy parts of Rio di Janeiro, Valeria Ribeiro Corossacz analyzes specific experiences of whiteness as they are produced at the intersection of multiple categories, in particular gender, class, and sexuality. White middle class men in Rio de Janeiro investigates what it means to be classified as a white person and a man in a society known for its valorization of racial mixing and yet deeply structured by racism, class and gender inequalities. Ribeiro Corossacz focuses on certain experiences in the men’s biographical trajectories representing moments of apprenticeship in a specific model of white, heterosexual and heteronormative middle-class masculinity and describes how these experiences are constructed as normative. This book explores how class, gender and race privilege are mutually produced and perceived by these men as “normal”. Examining instances of silence and what is left unsaid but also these men’s ability to provide precise descriptions of power relations and violent episodes, the author encourages us to observe the condition of dominant subjects as a keystone of the reproduction social discrimination
- …
