62,850 research outputs found
Multi-objective optimization of GENIE earth system models
No full textThe tuning of parameters in climate models is essential to provide reliable long-term forecasts of Earth system behaviour. We apply a multi-objective optimization algorithm to the problem of parameter estimation in climate models. This optimization process involves the iterative evaluation of response surface models (RSMs), followed by the execution of multiple Earth system simulations. These computations require an infrastructure that provides high-performance computing for building and searching the RSMs and high-throughput computing for the concurrent evaluation of a large number of models. Grid computing technology is therefore essential to make this algorithm practical for members of the GENIE project
Multiobjective optimization using surrogates
No full textUntil recently, optimization was regarded as a discipline of rather theoretical interest, with limited real-life applicability due to the comutational or experimental expense involved. Multiobjective optimization was considered as a utopia even in academic studies due to the multiplication of this expense. This paper discusses the idea of using surrogate models for multiobjective optimization. With recent advances in grid and parallel computing more companies are buying inexpensive computing clusters that work in parallel. This allows, for example, efficient fusion of surrogates and finite element models into a multiobjective optimization cycle. The research preented here demonstrates this idea using several response surface methods on a pre-selected set of test functions. It shows that a careful choice of response surface methods is important when carrying out surrogate assisted multiobjective search
Multiobjective tuning of Grid-enabled Earth System Models using a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II)
No full textThe tuning of parameters in climate models is essential to provide reliable long-term forecasts of Earth system behaviour. In this paper we present the first application of the multiobjective non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to the GENIE-1 Earth System Model (ESM). Twelve model parameters are tuned to improve four objective measures of fitness to observational data. Grid computing and data handling technology is harnessed to perform the concurrent simulations that comprise the generations of the genetic algorithm. Recent advances in the method exploit Response Surface Modelling to provide surrogate models of each objective. This enables more extensive and efficient searching of the design space. We assess the performance of the NSGA-II using surrogates by repeating a tuning exercise that has been performed using a proximal analytical centre plane cutting method and the Ensemble Kalman Filter on the GENIE-1 model. We find that the multiobjective algorithm locates Pareto-optimal solutions which are of comparable quality to those obtained using the single objective optimisation methods
Die Werteerziehung im Lehrwerk Johannes Pauls II.
No full textAn in‑depth analysis of writings of John Paul II leads to a conclusion that the Pope cared for upbringing that would foster to values. He clearly indicated that the person is to be viewed as the foundation of the process of upbringing and also stressed the significance of upbringing towards life in the family, nation and Church. The author of this article accounts for and presents the problem of upbringing towards values, which is interpreted from the teachings of John Paul II. First, the author indicates the complementary character of education, religion and faith, then they are oriented towards the world of values and the Christian hierarchization of these values
Angiotensin II induces soluble fms-Like tyrosine kinase-1 release via calcineurin signaling pathway in pregnancy
No full textMaternal endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia is associated with increased soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), a circulating antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a potent vasoconstrictor that increases concomitant with sFlt-1 during pregnancy. Therefore, we speculated that Ang II may promote the expression of sFlt-1 in pregnancy. Here we report that infusion of Ang II significantly increases circulating levels of sFlt-1 in pregnant mice, thereby demonstrating that Ang II is a regulator of sFlt-1 secretion in vivo. Furthermore, Ang II stimulated sFlt-1 production in a dose- and time-dependent manner from human villous explants and cultured trophoblasts but not from endothelial cells, suggesting that trophoblasts are the primary source of sFlt-1 during pregnancy. As expected, Ang II-induced sFlt-1 secretion resulted in the inhibition of endothelial cell migration and in vitro tube formation. In vitro and in vivo studies with losartan, small interfering RNA specific for calcineurin and FK506 demonstrated that Ang II-mediated sFlt-1 release was via Ang II type 1 receptor activation and calcineurin signaling, respectively. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized regulatory role for Ang II on sFlt-1 expression in murine and human pregnancy and suggest that elevated sFlt-1 levels in preeclampsia may be caused by a dysregulation of the local renin/angiotensin system
Święty Jan Paweł II o duchowości laikatu
No full textThe author of this article shows input of saint John Paul II in the understanding of spirituality of lay people. The article proves that the papal teaching about the laity is a continuation of the teaching of The Second Vatican Council and also brings some new elements. The particular attention paid to the communion dimension of the Church should be emphasized. The author also discusses the participation of lay people in the threefold office of the Christ, incarnational dimension of the lay spirituality and the question of the common call to sanctity.Autor artykułu ukazuje wkład św. Jana Pawła II w rozumienie duchowości ludzi świeckich. Udowadnia, że nauczanie papieża na temat laikatu stanowi kontynuację nauczania Soboru Watykańskiego II, ale wnosi też nowe akcenty. Na podkreślenie zasługuje szczególny akcent położony na komunijny wymiar Kościoła. Autor omawia też udział świeckich w potrójnym urzędzie Chrystusa, inkarnacyjny wymiar duchowości laikatu i kwestię powszechnego powołania do świętości
Collaborative study of GENIEfy Earth System Models using scripted database workflows in a Grid-enabled PSE
No full textThe integration of compute and data grids into a common problem solving environment enables collaboration between members of the GENIEfy project. In addition, state-of-the-art optimisation algorithms complement the component framework to provide a comprehensive toolset for Earth system modelling. In this paper, we present for the first time, the application of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to perform a multi-objective tuning of a 3D atmosphere model. We then demonstrate how scripted database workflows enable the collective pooling of available resource at distributed client sites to collaboratively progress ensembles of simulations through to completion on the computational grid. A systematic study of the oceanic thermohaline circulation in a hierarchy of 3D atmosphere-ocean-sea-ice models is presented providing evidence for bi-stability in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Święty Jan Paweł II o duchowości chrześcijańskiego Wschodu
No full textThe author of the article shows the major themes of the teaching of Saint John Paul II on Eastern Christian spirituality. He indicates the pope’s personal interest in the culture, especially philosophy and art developed in the orthodox environment. The article also presents the pope’s ecumenical efforts and the related difficulties. On the broader theological basis the author elaborates the most important elements of the orthodox spirituality, which the Slavic pope pointed out during his long pontificate.Autor artykułu ukazuje główne linie nauczania św. Jana Pawła II na temat duchowości chrześcijańskiego Wschodu. Wskazuje na osobiste zainteresowania papieża kulturą, zwłaszcza filozofią i sztuką rozwijaną w kręgu prawosławia. Ukazuje również wysiłki ekumeniczne i związane z nimi trudności. Na szerszym fundamencie teologicznym autor rozwija główne elementy duchowości prawosławnej, na jakie zwracał uwagę słowiański papież w czasie swego długiego pontyfikatu
Rola cudu w apologetyce przed II soborem watykańskim. Refleksja na podstawie analizy ówczesnych podręczników akademickich
No full textIn this article, the author made a reflection on the role of miracle in apologetics lecture before The Second Vatican Council. Looking for answers to this question, firstly the author presented the teaching of The First Vatican Council on miracle and its role. Then he analyzed several Polish academic textbooks of apologetics that had appeared before The Second Vatican Council in order to examine the function of miracle in relation to the Revelation.W niniejszym artykule autor podjął refleksję nad tym, jaka była rola cudu w wykładzie podręcznikowym apologetyki przed Vaticanum II. Szukając odpowiedzi na to pytanie, najpierw przedstawił nauczanie I Soboru Watykańskiego na temat cudu i jego roli. Następnie poddał analizie kilka polskojęzycznych podręczników akademickich do apologetyki, jakie pojawiły się przed II soborem watykańskim, aby zbadać w nich funkcję cudu w relacji do Objawienia
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