543 research outputs found
Planning for green infrastructure: The spatial effects of parks, forests, and fields on Helsinki's apartment prices
Full text linkAbstractAs the importance of urban green spaces is increasingly recognised, so does the need for their systematic placement in a broader array of socioeconomic objectives. From an urban planning and economics perspective, this represents a spatial task: if more land is allocated to various types of green, how do the economic effects propagate throughout urban space? This paper focuses on the spatial marginal effects of forests, parks, and fields and estimates spatial hedonic models on a sample of apartment transactions in Helsinki, Finland. The results indicate that the capitalization of urban green in apartment prices depends on the type of green, but also interacts with distance to the city centre. Additionally, the effects contain variable pure and spatial spillover impacts, also conditional on type and location, the separation of which highlights aspects not commonly accounted for. The planning of green infrastructure will therefore benefit from parameterizing interventions according to location, green type, and character of spatial impacts
The Δρομοδείχτης της Ελλάδος of 1824 and Athanasios Stageirites (Τίτλος περίληψης)
No full textσ. [281]-290Κείμενο στα ελληνικά με περίληψη στα αγγλικά με τον τίτλο: The Δρομοδείχτης της Ελλάδος of 1824 and Athanasios StageiritesThe article first examines the close relationship between the publication “Δρομοδείχτης της Ελλάδος” [1824] and the publication “Ηπειρωτικά” (1819) by Athanasios Stageirites and then suggests that Athanasios Stageirites is the likeliest author of the “Δρομοδείχτης της Ελλάδος”.Δωδώνη: Τεύχος Πρώτο: επιστημονική επετηρίδα του Τμήματος Ιστορίας και Αρχαιολογίας της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου Ιωαννίνων; Τόμ. 43-44 (2014-2015
Utilizing a cellular automaton model to explore the influence of coastal flood adaptation strategies on Helsinki's urbanization patterns
No full textA cellular automaton model (SLEUTH-3r) is utilized to explore the impacts of coastal flood risk management strategies on the urbanization parameters of Helsinki's metropolitan area, at a 50-m spatial resolution by 2040. The current urbanization trend is characterized by the consolidation of existing built-up land and loss of inter- spersed green spaces, whereas the most intense growth is forecast inside the coastal flood risk areas. This base- line is compared to strategies that test various responses of the planning system to real estate market forces and the spatial distribution of flood risks. A set of scenarios translates property price effects of flood risk information into various attraction-repulsion areas in and adjacent to the floodplain, while a second set explores varying de- grees of restricting new growth in the flood risk zones without reference to the housing market. The simulations indicate that growth under all scenarios is distributed in a more fragmented manner relative to the baseline, which can be interpreted favorably regarding house prices and increased access to ecosystem ser- vices, although the indirect effects should also be considered. Demand for coastal flood-safe properties does not appear to automatically translate to refocusing of development toward those areas, unless planning interven- tions encourage this redistribution. The character of the planning system with respect to market drivers and the spatial distribution of risks and amenities is thus important. A mixture of market-based measures and moderate zoning interventions may be preferable for flood risk management and provide the necessary precision for adap- tation strategies.Peer reviewe
Exploring the spatiotemporal behavior of Helsinki's housing prices with fractal geometry and cointegration.
Full text linkFractal geometry and co-integration are combined for exploring spatial morphological aspects of quarterly dwelling prices in Helsinki’s region from 1977 to 2011. Curves of fractal scaling behavior are first employed to measure the fractal dimensions of high- and low-price/m2 spatial clusters at multiple scales. Subsequently, the fractal dimensions at indicative neighborhood and citywide scales are modeled with vector error correction specifications. The results identify long-run joint equilibria between the fractal geometries of high- and low-price/m2 clusters at both spatial scales. High-price/m2 clusters exhibit consistently higher fractal dimensions than their low-value counterparts at the neighborhood scale, while this long-run relation is reversed at the citywide scale. Short-run disequilibria and subsequent adjustments are also scale sensitive. The fractal geometry of high-price/m2 clusters leads the dynamics at the neighborhood scale, while low-price/m2 clusters lead at the citywide scale. The system’s responses to exogenous shocks take longer time to stabilize at the neighborhood scale compared to the citywide scale, but in both scales the non-stationary nature of fractal behavior is evident. These elements indicate that a closer look on spatial economic behavior at more than one spatial and temporal scale at a time can reveal non-trivial information in the context of urban research and policy analysis.Peer reviewe
Dataset in support of the Southampton doctoral thesis 'The boatbuilding tradition of the Aegean during the Late Neolithic – Early Bronze Age periods. Typological classification, digital reconstruction and seakeeping assessment'
No full textDataset in support of the Southampton doctoral thesis 'The boatbuilding tradition of the Aegean during the Late Neolithic – Early Bronze Age periods. Typological classification, digital reconstruction and seakeeping assessment' Appendix D - Resistance data and Appendix C - Stability data.
This dataset is focused on two appendices:
Appendix D - Resistance data. D.1 Resistance data produced by the author via MAXSURF Resistance for this thesis.
Appendix C - Stability data
C1. Stability data – STIX and ISO criteria, produced by the author via MAXSURF Stability software for his thesis
This research was funded by Southampton Marine and Maritime Institute (SMMI), Vice-Chancellor's Scholarship, Greek Archaeological Committee UK (GACUK)
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Artificial Identity: Disruption and the Right to Persist
Full text linkAnthropomorphism, artificial identity, and the fusion of personal and artificial identities have become commonplace concepts in human-computer interaction (HCI) and human-robot interaction (HRI). In this paper, we argue for the fact that the design and life cycle of ’smart’ technology must account for a further element of HCI/HRI, namely that, beyond issues of combined identity, a much more crucial point is the substantial investment of a user’s personality on a piece of technology. We raise the fact that this substantial investment occurs in a dynamic context of continuous alteration of this technology, and thus the important psychological and ethical implications ought to be given a more prominent place in he theory and design of HCI/HRI technology
Understanding settlement-landscape interaction with literary records and geoinformatics: The case of Homer’s Late Bronze Age Southeast Aegean
Full text linkAdvances in Digital Humanities are providing increasingly rich research material for understanding (1) the environmental and locational attributes of ancient settlements and (2) the regional structure of systems of settlements. Non-material records, in particular, provide information about the social and cultural drivers of human-landscape interaction in settlements that, when combined with material records, aid in refining existing models of settlement-landscape evolution and sustainability. We present a case study from Late Bronze Age Southeast Aegean that utilizes literary records, biogeophysical data and geoinformatics methods to offer insights into the abovementioned topics in that region. Specifically, we utilize a georeferenced version of the record of cities and their sociocultural and environmental descriptions, provided in the Catalog of Ships in Homer’s Iliad. We combine this information with datasets from the spatial (physiography, climatology) and temporal (continuities/discontinuities, population) context of those settlements. Ultimately, we are interested in deriving identifiable patterns in our dataset – more specifically, whether there exist patterns of settlement-environment interaction that are inherently more sustainable than others, as well as getting a glimpse into the hierarchy of values underlying this interaction
Ecosystems and the spatial morphology of urban residential property value: a multi-scale examination in Finland
Full text linkThis paper provides evidence for the spatial effects of ecosystems on value formation and differentiation in the urban residential property market. An amenity-based location theory is used in conjunction with hedonic function estimations from the Finnish cities of Helsinki, Espoo and Pori to distinguish between two different ways that ecosystems influence market value: a citywide spatial equilibrium and an additional layer of micro-scale fragmentation. The effect across spatial scales is complemented by two forms of distance decay: a logarithmic decay and a linear dependence on distance to the city centre. Lastly, the estimated marginal values exhibit noticeable temporal variation, even after using de-trended prices. The results highlight the structural role of the ecosystem in the housing market and suggest that the effect of ecosystem services is clearly conditional on the spatiotemporal context, with a visible degree of selectivity to specific services. It is also evident that a realistic understanding of the role of the ecosystem on property value must assess its effects as spatial bundles of services rather than singular flows of one service at a time
Space and Price in Adapting Cities : Exploring the Spatial Economic Role of Climate-Sensitive Ecological Risks and Amenities in Finnish Housing Markets
No full textAs the adaptation of cities to climate change is increasingly overlapping sustainable urban development, the necessity to harmonize climate-proofing with economic objectives becomes ever clearer. Climate-sensitive ecological risks and amenities, and their role in markets and urban planning, are central in this issue.
This research explores the reaction of urban housing markets to changes related to green amenities and flood risks; deepens the understanding of complex spatial processes, in housing markets and urban growth, that relate to the implementation of sustainable adaptation strategies; and develops advanced spatial modelling methodology that renders urban economic analysis better suitable to address questions of sustainable and climate-proof urban planning. The results demonstrate that physical or behavioral planning interventions surrounding climate-sensitive ecological risks and amenities generate economic benefits via multiple channels, when attuned with market mechanisms. This is an important building block in synchronizing climate-proofing with economic development objectives, therefore facilitating urban adaptation that is also sustainable. The synchronization requires an evidence-based understanding of the effects linked to particular interventions, at concrete locations and spatiotemporal scales. The overall message is that, while trade-offs are unavoidable, if green cities maintain agglomeration benefits, ensure increased information flows about ecological risks and amenities, while implementing amenities in a spatially parameterized manner, they are able to achieve both climate-proofing and sustainability objectives.
The thesis consists of five quantitative analysis articles, while the introductory chapter synthesizes the results in the context of urban planning, spatial economics, and climate change adaptation. The first three articles apply empirical microeconometric methodologies (spatial hedonic and difference-in-differences analysis) to explore the response of housing markets to changes in green infrastructure and to policy instruments related to flood risk information. The fourth and fifth articles apply spatial complexity methods (cellular automata, fractal geometry) to extend the intuitions of microeconometric estimations into dynamic spatial processes in housing prices and urban growth. The five articles use environmental-economic datasets developed by this dissertation research, covering the urban region of Helsinki (Helsinki, Espoo, and Vantaa) and the cities of Pori and Rovaniemi.In future cities, local climate and ecosystems will be an important part of urban planning. This dissertation explores how growing cities can deal with green spaces and flood risks. Climate and environmental changes are not only about threats, but cities can use them as opportunities, provided well-informed policies based on research evidence.
The study explores how house prices react to green spaces and to flood risks, and how sustainable development and climate adaptation strategy can be successful. Complicated problems such as these require innovative solutions, and the dissertation uses methods such as fractals, cellular automata, and spatial economic analysis. The study analyzes housing markets and urban dynamics in the Finnish capital region, in Pori, and in Rovaniemi, combining and developing new datasets.
The dissertation shows that green spaces and information about climate-related risks are powerful tools for climate-proof sustainable cities, provided that there is a clear understanding of how all their costs and benefits are behaving in time and in different types of neighborhoods.ei saavutettav
Spatial analysis
No full textThis comprehensive Dictionary brings together an extensive range of definitive terms in ecological economics. Assembling contributions from distinguished scholars, it provides an intellectual map to this evolving subject ranging from the practical to the philosophical.</p
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