343 research outputs found
Covid-19 in Ländern mit niedrigem oder mittlerem Einkommen: Das Beispiel Indien
No full textZusammenfassungDie in Ländern mit niedrigem und mittlerem Einkommen (LMICs) vorherrschenden Bedingungen, zum Beispiel ein schlechter Gesundheitszustand der Bevölkerung und eine unzureichende Gesundheitsinfrastruktur, können dort enorme menschliche und wirtschaftliche Schäden eines Covid-19-Ausbruchs hervorrufen. Aus diesem Grund haben LMICs mehrere präventive Maßnahmen ergriffen und folgen dabei häufig der Politik von Ländern mit hohem Einkommen. Unterschiede in der Zusammensetzung der Erwerbsbevölkerung, im Zugang zu sozialer Sicherheit und in den Lebensbedingungen könnten jedoch bedeuten, dass diese Maßnahmen für LMICs nicht geeignet sind. Nitya Mittal, Rupa Viswanath und Sebastian Vollmer untersuchen die in LMICs vorherrschenden Bedingungen, die sich auf die Morbidität und Mortalität im Zuge eines Covid-19-Ausbruchs auswirken könnten, und erörtern die Eignung der weit verbreiteten Präventionsmaßnahmen für LMICs
Viswanath on Kumar and Thorat, 'B. R. Ambedkar: Perspectives on Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policies'
No full textViswanath on Kumar and Thorat, 'B. R. Ambedkar: Perspectives on Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policies'
No full textA Roundtable on Rupa Viswanath's The Pariah Problem: Caste, Religion, and the Social in Modern India and the Study of Caste
No full textAbstract In this roundtable discussion, five scholars of modern India with diverse methodological training examine aspects of Rupa Viswanath's 2014 book, The Pariah Problem: Caste, Religion, and the Social in Modern India , and assess its arguments and contributions. This book has made strong challenges to the scholarly consensus on the nature of caste in India, arguing that, in the Madras presidency under the British, caste functioned as a form of labour control of the lowest orders and, in this roundtable, she calls colonial Madras a ‘slave society’. The scholars included here examine that contention and the major subsidiary arguments on which it is based. Uday Chandra identifies The Pariah Problem with a new social history of caste and Dalitness. Brian K. Pennington links the ‘religionization’ of caste that Viswanath identifies to the contemporary Hindu right's concerns for religious sentiment and authenticity. Lucinda Ramberg takes up Viswanath's account of the constitution of a public that excluded the Dalit to inquire further about the gendered nature of that public and the private realm it simultaneously generated. Zoe Sherinian calls attention to Viswanath's characterization of missionary opposition to social equality for Dalits and examines missionary and Dalit discourses that stand apart from those that Viswanath studied. Joel Lee extends some of Viswanath's claims about the Madras presidency by showing strong parallels to social practices in colonial North India. Finally, Viswanath's own response addresses the assessments of her colleagues
Rethinking Caste and Class: “Labour”, the “Depressed Classes”, and the Politics of Distinctions, Madras 1918–1924
No full textThis article follows the administrative usage of the term “labour” and its political effects in the period from roughly 1918–1924 in Madras Presidency, India. In this short period, I will argue, fundamental tensions in the ability of the concept to refer coherently to its object came violently to the surface. The prevailing tension in both governmental discourse and in the sphere of political representation concerned the extent to which either caste status or economic class were to be understood as the primary determinant of the meaning of labour. At the nub of this conflict lay the contested status of the descendants of hereditarily unfree labourers who supplied the bulk of the Presidency's labour requirements and were referred to in this period as Adi-Dravidas. Should they be construed as ritually disadvantaged caste subjects who also happened to labour, or as paradigmatic labourers who were also subjected to caste discrimination? Adi-Dravidas provoked both the anxiety of the elite political classes who wished to incorporate them into larger nationalist projects, as well as the reformist zeal of the colonial state, throwing the category “labour” into crisis. By navigating the use to which “labour” was put by caste elites, state officials, and Adi-Dravidas themselves, I will reflect on the coherence of caste and class as analytic concepts for political and social struggles of the kind I am describing
Commissioning Representation: The Misra Report, Deliberation and the Government of the People in Modern India
No full textCommissions of inquiry are unique tools of modern governance that represent ‘the people’, but in a manner quite unlike parliaments and other forms of elected political representation. Using as its example the 2007 Misra Report, this paper reveals how, in the production of a commission report, scores of non-state actors—‘stakeholders’ from a wide range of social strata—are enlisted to produce the policies that will then redound upon those very stakeholders. In thus consulting the people and eliciting their speech, commissions serve to publicly enact, in a controlled setting, the deliberative ideal of democracy that is otherwise absent in India. In this particular instance, the problematic status of Dalits is subsumed under the normative religious identity of the post-colonial Indian nation, a conclusion whose emergence through reasoned debate is publicly enacted in the form of the commission
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