4,781 research outputs found
Pittvre. Antiche Ritrovate. Nello. Scavo. Aperto Di. Ordine. Di. Nostro. Signore Pio. Sesto. P. M. In. Vna. Vigna. Accanto. Il. V. Ospedale Di. S. Giovanni. In. Laterano L'.Anno. MDCCLXXX / [Verf.: Giovanni Cristoforo Amaduzzi]. Incise. E. Pvbblicate Da. Giovanni. M. Cassini. C. R. Somas
No full textPITTVRE. ANTICHE RITROVATE. NELLO. SCAVO. APERTO DI. ORDINE. DI. NOSTRO. SIGNORE PIO. SESTO. P. M. IN. VNA. VIGNA. ACCANTO. IL. V. OSPEDALE DI. S. GIOVANNI. IN. LATERANO L'.ANNO. MDCCLXXX / [VERF.: GIOVANNI CRISTOFORO AMADUZZI]. INCISE. E. PVBBLICATE DA. GIOVANNI. M. CASSINI. C. R. SOMAS
Pittvre. Antiche Ritrovate. Nello. Scavo. Aperto Di. Ordine. Di. Nostro. Signore Pio. Sesto. P. M. In. Vna. Vigna. Accanto. Il. V. Ospedale Di. S. Giovanni. In. Laterano L'.Anno. MDCCLXXX / [Verf.: Giovanni Cristoforo Amaduzzi]. Incise. E. Pvbblicate Da. Giovanni. M. Cassini. C. R. Somas (1)
Cover (1)
Titelblatt (6)
Widmung (8)
Al Lettore Giovanni Maria Cassini ... (10)
Imprimatvr / Approvazione (11)
Illvstrazione Di Alcvne Antiche Dipintvre ... (12)
Kupfer: Veduta della Cava, e Stanza delle Pitture (28)
Kupfer: Figura. I. (30)
Kupfer: Figura. II. (32)
Kupfer: Figura III (34)
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Kupfer: Figura. VII. (42
Relationship between air-rock-water temperatures in karst caves and surface temperatures
Full text linkIn karst caves air-rock-water temperatures are rather constant over time compared to the surface considerable thermal variations. The significant differences between the outside air temperatures and the in-depth ones, environmental parameters and karst system morphology, trigger the air circulation in the fracture networks. Air has a very low thermal inertia, therefore, if still, it quickly reaches a sort of equilibrium condition with the rock, assuming the rock temperature in absence of significant circulations. The greater thermal exchanges take place near the cave entrances, conditioned mainly by the speed of the incoming air flows. Into depth, temperature of the infiltration waters plays a dominant role in subtracting heat from the limestone masses, which have a lower temperature than the other rocks (Badino 1995).
To better understand these processes, the Paleolab of Politecnico di Torino began a series of research through the installation of data loggers for air-rock-water temperatures monitoring in karst caves of southern Piedmont, Italy, characterized by very different environmental conditions. In collaboration with Arpa Piemonte, part of the project concerned the monitoring of cavities characterized by the presence of underground glaciers showed a rapid reduction in the last decade, linked to the increase in surface temperatures (Vigna & Paro 2019). In collaboration with S.O. Bossea C.A.I., another part of the project involved the installation of over 50 air-rock-water temperature probes at the "Giovanni Badino" Climatological Research Centre to examine the relationships between surface and in-depth temperature variations. Finally, in collaboration with the Speleo Club Tanaro, the third project concerns the temperatures monitoring of caves characterized by considerable air flows, for examine at different distances from the entrances the relationships between the air and the rock temperatures induced by these air circulations.
Badino G. (1995). Fisica del clima sotterraneo. Istituto Italiano di Speleologia, 137 pp.
Vigna B. & Paro L. (2019)
Pharmacotherapy of dyslipidemias in the adult population
No full textImportance of the field: Lipid-modifying drugs are therapeutic options that have been shown to reduce the biological and clinical burden related to atherosclerosis; they can be used to correct minor lipid abnormalities, as well as the more severe dyslipidemias that can be met in clinical practice. Areas covered in this review: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) surely represent the choice agents, and must be utilized in relation to the global cardiovascular risk of a hypercholesterolemic subject. When treatment is only partly effective, association therapy is a reasonable solution or, alternatively, a shift towards other less effective 'rescue' drugs or nutraceutical 'ancillary remedies'. In every case, drug tolerability warrants consideration. What the reader will gain: Pharmacotherapy of lipid disorders cannot be separated from the knowledge of the main clinical trial results and the pharmacological characteristics of hypocholesterolemic drugs. An appropriate treatment protocol is proposed and examined. Take home message: Hypolipidemic drugs must be added to therapeutic lifestyle changes, and not substituted for them; they may be prosecuted indefinitely, without any interruption; drug adherence is a prerequisite of efficacy and clinical monitoring is necessary for both compliance and safety issues. © 2010 Informa UK, Ltd
Dyslipidemias in the older subject: features,significance and treatment dilemmas
No full textAlmost two thirds of major coronary events take place in subjects over 65 years of age. Old (65–75 years), very old (75–85 years), and oldest old (85+ years) individuals should be considered separately when addressing cardiovascular (CV) risk. Several observational investigations have shown that the relationship between plasma cholesterol and CV events is less stringent with advancing age, especially in the very old and oldest old subject. In this context, both a decrease in total cholesterol and low HDL-C levels may be linked to coronary morbidity and total mortality through an independent association with disability and frailty. On the other hand, although elevated plasma LDL-C might still represent a CV risk factor in older people, the potential benefits originating from its reduction may exceed those obtained in younger ages, given the higher prevalence of CV disease in late life. At present statins, which represent the most effective hypocholesterolemic drugs, have been shown to significantly reduce CV events up to 82 years of age in randomized controlled trials and epidemiological surveys. The occurrence of multiple chronic conditions (comorbidity), decreased life expectancy and polypharmacotherapy suggest the need for a careful assessment of indications for aggressive hypolipidemic treatment. Drug interactions and low-pharmacological adherence may concur, causing a failure of preventive measure or side effects. Specific guidelines do not always recommend special caution or prudence in the elderly, but the selection of older patients for hypolipidemic treatment requires a high grade of clinical judgment
The anti-atherogenic properties of HDL particles
No full textHigh density lipoproteins (HDLs) are a class of lipoproteins characterized by small diameter and high density. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that HDL cholesterol levels are inversely and independently related to the incidence of coronary heart disease. The mechanisms involved in HDL protection against atherosclerosis are uncertain, but the beneficial effect of HDLs might be the consequence of its properties. The best known of them is related to the “reverse cholesterol transport”, i.e. the transfer of cholesterol from non-hepatic cells to the liver. Second, HDLs exert anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the expression of adhesion molecules by endothelial cells and the subsequent transmigration of monocytes. Third, HDLs have antioxidant activity through the anti-oxidative properties of apoprotein A-I, and the presence of enzymes such as paraoxonase, glutathione-peroxidase, and PAF acetylhydrolase. Fourth, HDLs display an anti-thrombotic effect by inhibiting platelets aggregation, reducing von Willebrand factor levels, and enhancing the activity of activated protein C and S. Fifth, HDLs have a beneficial effect on endothelial function by activating endothelial NO synthase and enhancing NO release. Finally, high HDL-C has been associated with “longevity syndrome” while low HDL-C has been related to the “frailty syndrome”, suggesting a possible role of HDL in the phenomenon of successful aging
Giovanni Allegra, La vigna e i solchi. Tradizione e tradizionalisti nella letteratura spagnola dell'Ottocento
No full textGoudet Jacques. Giovanni Allegra, La vigna e i solchi. Tradizione e tradizionalisti nella letteratura spagnola dell'Ottocento. In: Bulletin Hispanique, tome 79, n°1-2, 1977. pp. 266-268
Hypercholesterolemia and the ageing subject
No full textIversen et al. have recently dealt in this Journal, with the effects of total cholesterol (TC) levels on cardiovascular risk according to age in a healthy population from the Copenhagen City Heart Study. They conclude that the association between high TC and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) event rate declines progressively with advancing age and is no more valid above 80 years [1].
This thorough survey considers more than 10,000 men and women before statin introduction in Denmark; its conclusions are in agreement with other cohort investigations but rely simply on total cholesterol and not on other useful lipid parameters. On the other hand data from a recent meta-analysis (61 prospective observational studies), consisting of almost 900,000 adults without previous disease, disclose that 1 mmol/L lower TC was associated with a statistically significant hazard ratio of 0.72, 0.82 and 0.85 lower CHD mortality in both sexes at ages 60–69, 70–79 and 80–89 years, respectively, and that HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and TC to HDL-C ratio are more informative parameter than total cholesterol alone [2].
We agree with the latter conclusions, pointing out that the EPESE Study related the apparent adverse effects associated with low TC levels in very old patients (average baseline age of 79) to comorbidity and frailty, and that adjusting for potential confounders (among which HDL-C) restored the direct relationship between TC and CHD in this population characterized by a heterogeneous health state [3].
Also the experience matured by our study-group suggests a prominent effect related to HDL-C [4], showing that free-living healthy octo-nonagenarians (free from CHD and stroke) are not characterized by high HDL-C or low LDL-C levels, but by a very low prevalence of low HDL-C (3.9%) [5], while HDL-C levels associate also with functional status [6].
Besides, while we could not exclude that dyslipoproteinemic high-cholesterol value in old people is under-represented since abated by premature death in affected individuals, we maintain that also small increases in relative CHD risk in elderly individuals associate with a striking increase in absolute risk, given the high prevalence of CHD with advancing age. This suggests that excluding older persons from cholesterol screening may be inappropriate, but that a comprehensive lipid profile and clinical judgment is essential for deciding if pharmacological treatment is needed
Lipoproteine e dislipoproteinemie.
No full textNell’ultimo decennio si è venuta rafforzando l’idea che i livelli delle lipoproteine veicolanti colesterolo (in particolare LDL, Low Density Lipoprotein) e trigliceridi nel plasma risultino eccessivamente elevati nella gran parte della popolazione dei Paesi occidentali. Pertanto i valori cosiddetti “normali” da un punto di vista statistico (e pertanto “più frequenti”) appaiono superiori ai livelli “consigliabili”, indicati dalla biologia.
Negli anni ’90 la prevenzione cardiovascolare ha ottenuto risultati particolarmente importanti con l’utilizzo di farmaci ipolipemizzanti definiti statine (o più propriamente inibitori dell’enzima HMG CoA-reduttasi, regolatore della sintesi intracellulare di colesterolo), che hanno ridotto in maniera significativa la morbilità per infarto miocardico e ictus, ma anche, e soprattutto, la mortalità per queste stesse malattie e la mortalità totale
Testosterone replacement, cardiovascular system and risk factors in the aging male
No full textInvestigations concerning the role of testosterone replacement on cardiovascular risk show conflicting results. Treatments with supraphysiological doses seem detrimental in animal models and men. On the other hand, cross-sectional, prospective and angiographic studies frequently find an inverse, favorable relationship between plasma testosterone and cardiovascular events. Testosterone replacement therapy in the hypogonadic elderly has a positive or at least neutral effect on several coronary disease risk factors. Testosterone appears to decrease LDL-cholesterol without adversely affecting HDL cholesterol, and improve insulin sensibility and the thrombotic/fibrinolytic balance; testosterone does not negatively influence the inflammatory response and arterial wall vasoreactivity. These findings provide a measure of reassurance concerning potential adverse heart effects of testosterone substitutional therapy in older men, even if more specific trials than reported are needed to overcome residual suspicions
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