50 research outputs found
The 2021 Magnonics Roadmap
No full textMagnonics is a budding research field in nanomagnetism and nanoscience that addresses the use of spin waves (magnons) to transmit, store, and process information. The rapid advancements of this field during last one decade in terms of upsurge in research papers, review articles, citations, proposals of devices as well as introduction of new sub-topics prompted us to present the first roadmap on magnonics. This is a collection of 22 sections written by leading experts in this field who review and discuss the current status besides presenting their vision of future perspectives. Today, the principal challenges in applied magnonics are the excitation of sub-100 nm wavelength magnons, their manipulation on the nanoscale and the creation of sub-micrometre devices using low-Gilbert damping magnetic materials and its interconnections to standard electronics. To this end, magnonics offers lower energy consumption, easier integrability and compatibility with CMOS structure, reprogrammability, shorter wavelength, smaller device features, anisotropic properties, negative group velocity, non-reciprocity and efficient tunability by various external stimuli to name a few. Hence, despite being a young research field, magnonics has come a long way since its early inception. This roadmap asserts a milestone for future emerging research directions in magnonics, and hopefully, it will inspire a series of exciting new articles on the same topic in the coming years.Computer Engineerin
Modulation of adenylate cyclase gene (cya) expression and cyclic amp production in escherichia coli k-12, 1991
No full textIn this study, adenylate cyclase regulatory mutants were isolated from HB101 and CA8300 strains. The cva gene fragment was used to transform several cva mutants, via pBR322 plasmid. From these studies, a direct correlation between the levels of intracellular cAMP, adenylate cyclase and j8-galactosidase was found. The cloned cva fragment restored the level of cAMP to above normal range within these cva mutant strains subsequent to transformation. Indole acetic acid (IAA) significantly elevated the levels of adenylate cyclase and cAMP in cell cultures. Growth studies indicated that IAA served as a modulator of cva gene expression at the transcriptional level. Gel retardation experiment suggested that IAA appeared to bind to cva gene fragment. Glucose catabolite repression studies suggested that IAA can substitute cAMP in eliciting gene expression of the lac operon
FACILITATING CONDITIONS AS PREDICTOR FOR THE USE OF LIBRARY TECHNOLOGY BY ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS IN THE FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJA
No full textThe use of technology has become non-negotiable for academic libraries aiming toprovidecutting edge services to their clientele. However, evidence shows that the use of technology bylibrary personnel may depend on various factors. This study therefore investigates the influenceof facilitating conditions as a predictor for the use of library technology by academic librarians inFederal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive research surveydesign. The population of the study consists of all library personnel (Librarians and LibraryOfficers) in universities in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Total enumeration was used dueto the size of the population. A structured questionnaire adapted from existing studies was usedfor data collection. The study found a moderate level of technology usage among academiclibrarians in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria (Mean = 2.96), and perceived facilitatingcondition (Mean = 3.14). The test of hypothesis revealed that facilitating condition (R2 = 0.265,p<0.05)have significant influence on the use of technology among the respondents. The studyconcluded that there are still some underlying factors that must be addressed before academiclibraries in the FCT can reach the level of technology use that will enable them provide worldclass library services. It was therefore recommended that Universities in the FCT has work handin hand with the management of their academic libraries to invest in relevant technologiesneeded in the provision of modern information service deliver
Government Intervention in ·Industrial Relations Practice in Nigeria: Issues and Problems
No full textThis paper examined the role of the state in Industrial Relations in Nigeria.
In the process, the author attempted to see if government's role in Industrial
Relation Practice was for peace or trouble mongering. The paper highlighted
government's labour policies and consequences. Government's role in resolving
conflicting issues, historical and comparative analysis and some major issues in
labour management trends were equally examined by the author. The paper submit
that all actors in industrial relations should desire and provide for peace and that
the initiative for developing and maintaining satisfactory labour relations must
rest with the entire stakeholders in Industrial Relation
Retracted: A double blind, placebo controlled randomized evaluation of the efficacy of a Polyherbal Preparation (FaradinR) in treating sickle cell anaemia in Nigerian children
No full textThe Editorial Board of the Research Journal of Health Sciences has retracted this publication, Research Journal of Health Sciences, 2021, 9(3): 254-263’ arising from complaint of one of the authors, (Adeyeye M.C.), whose permission was not obtained before inclusion as a co-author. The lead author did not also include the ethical approval details in the publication. We tender unreserved apology to the complainant.
Editor.
Introduction: The goal of management of sickle cell anaemia (SCA), for many years, has been to manage acute intermittent crises and slow down chronic end organ damage. In the past few decades, with increasing understanding of its pathophysiology, compounds primarily preventive in action are being investigated and used. Faradin® (a poly-herbal traditional supplement mixture) has been used aspreventive measure against painful episodes by SCA patients as an over the counter medication and anecdotal evidence suggests that it reduced the frequency and severity of painful crises as well as transfusion requirements. Alternative medications that are both affordable and available should be considered viable alternatives provided safety and efficacy are assured because of the high disease burden in Nigeria.Methods: This was a double controlled randomized study was carried out on twenty children. Each enrolled patient was randomized into either the herbal mixture or placebo after permission to participate in the study was obtain from the parents/guardian for children below 15 years or from both parents/guardian and the patients where the latter are older than 15 years. The main exclusion criterion was prior use or exposure to Faradin. Primary end points were pain alteration, death during study and blood transfusion frequency. Secondary endpoints were hemoglobin levels, neutrophil count, platelet count, hemoglobin F and A2 levels, serum bilirubin, nitric oxide concentration, drug toxicity and severe complications of sickle cell anemia reported during the study.Results: There was no severe adverse event, deaths or transfusion recorded in the two groups throughout the duration of the study. Mean hematocrit was increased in the Faradin group and reticulocyte count was increased by 12 %. Faradin reduced the total white cell count to half its baseline level and increased hemoglobin F levels by 10%. Weight and appetite were reported to increased and engenders a generalfeeling of wellbeing.Conclusion: Faradin appears to be an efficacious, nontoxic, available and affordable remedy for treating SCA patients in our setting
Microwave assisted gating of spin wave propagation
No full textMagnonics is an emerging research area where magnons or spin waves are used as a medium of information processing. Efficient manipulation/gating of magnons on-chip is crucial for realization of logic circuitry and device integration. Here, we show a simple method for gating of the magnons in a magnetic wire based on the dipolar coupled chain of nanomagnets. Spin wave propagation has been directly measured using the micro-Brillouin light scattering technique. We observed a significant reduction of spin wave amplitude by switching the nanomagnets using microwave current through a coplanar waveguide, which was also used for spin wave generation. Microwave assisted magnetization switching has been probed using the magnetic force microscopy technique. The results have potential implications in the area of wave based devices for next generation high frequency communication technologies. © 2020 Author(s)
Reconfigurable and self-biased magnonic metamaterials
No full textIn magnonics, magnetic waves and oscillations are exploited for signal and information processing at microwave frequencies. A magnonic metamaterial is employed to configure different microwave bands by spatial engineering of magnetizations using different magnetic states or magnetic couplings. Magnetic field hysteretic variation of microwave responses has conventionally been used for tunable microwave operations. The use of such bias magnetic fields hinders the device integration of microwave magnonic devices. Here, we discuss a route to eliminating the requirement of bias magnetic field and simple initialization process for reconfigurable microwave operations. The distinct microwave responses are associated with different remanent magnetic states which are engineered by shape induced magnetic anisotropy rather than the conventional dipolar coupling driven magnetic states. However, the origin of the shift in the microwave spectra is associated with the variation of dipolar coupling for nanomagnetic networks, multilayer nanomagnets, and their arrays. This perspective provides an outlook on current challenges and potential future scopes of magnonic devices. We discuss some of our recent demonstrations toward the realizations of reconfigurable magnonic devices without any external bias magnetic field. Self-biased nanomagnets are also shown to have applications in designing a waveguide for spin wave transport and spin wave gating which operates without any bias magnetic field. © 2020 Author(s)
Functional magnetic waveguides for magnonics
No full textMagnonics, or spin wave based spintronics, is an emerging technology where magnons—quanta for spin waves—process the information analogous to electronic charges in electronics. We introduce the fundamental components of a magnonic device and briefly discuss their electrical control. The magnetic waveguide—an integral part of a magnonic circuit—guides the spin wave signal (magnon current) of desired frequency, wave vector, phase, and amplitude, which are the key ingredients for wave based computing. Typically, a bias magnetic field aligns magnetization to satisfy anisotropic magnon dispersions for low-energy and long-wavelength magnons, and thus it hinders on-chip device integration capability. We discuss strategies to eliminate the requirements of such a bias field by utilizing self-biased waveguides, which are based on either exchange coupled magnetic multi-layer based magnetic micro-wire or dipolar coupled but physically separated chain of rhomboid nanomagnets. We emphasize that the self-biased waveguides offer additional functionalities as compared to conventional waveguides. In this regard, manipulation of spin waves or the gating operation is presented by utilizing reconfigurable remanent magnetic states of the waveguide externally controlled by field or microwave current. We discuss the prospects of these bias-free waveguide strategies in the rapidly developing field of nano-magnonics and their potential for practical realizations of a magnonic-electronic hybrid technology. © 2021 Author(s)
Developing Ethics for Successful Integrated Cooperatives Activities in Nigeria
No full textThe article underscores continuous integration of cooperative societies in order to fully maximize the advantages of collective strength in terms of access to funds and other related opportunities. It identifies various challenges that are crop up when cooperatives integrate for optimal utilization from among wider network of participating member societies. It observes that as integration for sustainable cooperative activities becomes sacrosanct, there is need for ethical rule to regulate activities in that context. It examines the imperatives of ethics for addressing increasing integration among cooperative societies for improved performances. It concludes by highlighting the roles and responsibilities of parties to integrated cooperative activities in Nigeria. Keywords: Cooperatives, Development, Integration, Ethics, Nigeria
