25,898 research outputs found
<i>Karnatukul</i> showing the nature of the site’s occupation floor and its surrounds during excavation (Photograph Peter Veth).
No full textKarnatukul showing the nature of the site’s occupation floor and its surrounds during excavation (Photograph Peter Veth).</p
A Companion to Rock Art
No full textThis unique guide provides an artistic and archaeological journey deep into human history, exploring the petroglyphic and pictographic forms of rock art produced by the earliest humans to contemporary peoples around the world. Summarizes the diversity o
Author Peter FitzSimons speaking at the National Library of Australia, Canberra, 13 November 2012 /
No full textTitle from acquisitions documentation.; Part of the collection: Portraits of author Peter FitzSimons speaking at the National Library of Australia, Canberra, 13 November 2012.; Acquired in digital format; access copy available online.; Mode of access: Online.; Photographed by a staff member of the National Library of Australia
The world's first mariners: savannah dwellers in an island continent
No full text[Extract] The earliest maritime colonization in the world by Homo sapiens was accomplished by people entering Greater Australia (see Fig. 1). The date at which this occurred is currently under review and getting older as the application of alternative dating methods to radiocarbon, such as OSLand ESR, push back the length of Aboriginal occupation of this island continent to a minimum of 60,000 years (Thome et al. 1999). Regardless of the route taken from Asia to the Greater Australian coast, this first maritime journey, or set of journeys, required several major water crossings of distances up to 120 km. This fact has prompted the logical view that the first Australians and any subsequent colonists, must have been mariners adapted for their livelihood 'to coastal and estuarine environments. Despite this assumption, evidence for early coastal use following colonization is non-existent; the earliest dated sites are found in inland locations in northern and southern Australia. The first evidence for use of coasts in Greater Australia is registered significantly later, at least 20,000-30,000 years after initial settlement; and even then the evidence indicates only very ephemeral use of coastal resources prior to the Holocene.
In this paper we build on the argument advanced by Chappell (this volume) that despite the fact that the first and subsequent colonizations of Greater Australia required major sea crossings and the use of watercraft, there is no evidence that the early colonists pursued a maritime economy upon arrival. Whilst submergence by current sea stand may account for the drowning of most coastal evidence, sufficient sampling points exist in the form of rock shelters located close to the continental shelf, for earlier evidence to be forthcoming if the coast was indeed occupied following initial settlement. However these sites do not register coastal occupation prior to about 35,000 years ago. Importantly, these sites would have been closer to the coast at several times (c. 45,000 and 53,000 years ago) between 60,000 years ago and the timing of their first registered use by Aboriginal people. Indeed, in some sites earliest evidence for the use of marine resources coincides with increasing aridification of the continent when they are at furthest remove from the coast. These windows on Pleistocene coastal land-use give no hint of maritime dependence but rather suggest a terrestrial resource base with the ad hoc addition of coastal-fringe resources or a generalized mixed economy. There is no evidence in the Pleistocene layers of these sites to indicate that watercraft or other elements of maritime technology continued in use after initial settlement. The coastal resources exploited were all easily procurable from the intertidal range
East of Wallace's Line: an introduction
No full text[Extract] This volume owes its inception to a symposium we convened on Magnetic Island in northern Queensland, Australia in 1997. It takes its title from Alfred Russell Wallace whose voyage through the Malay Archipelago (see Fig. 1) resulted in the recognition of the zoogeographic divide, running between Lombok and Bali; Borneo and Sulawesi, now known as Wallace's Line.
'I have arrived at the conclusion that we can draw a line among the islands, which shall so divide them that one-half shall truly belong to Asia, while the other shall no less certainly be allied to Australia. I term these respectively the Indo-Malayan, and the Austro-Malayan divisions of the Archipelago.'(Wallace 1869: 21; see Fig. 1)
While this line defined for Wallace two natural provinces that had evolved during a long history of separation and isolation, he recognized that it did not apply to the human occupants of the region. 'The reason why exactly the same line does not limit both is sufficiently intelligible. Man has means of transversing the sea which animals do not possess'(Wallace 1869: 30). Wallace inferred that 'maritime enterprise' had allowed people to travel between islands carrying with them their genes, language, cultural traits, domestic animals and crops.
The papers in East of Wallace's Line deal with all facets of what Wallace (1869: 30) called 'maritime enterprise' - exploration, colonization, economy and subsistence. All papers focus on the regions of Island Southeast Asia known as Wallacea, Australia and New Guinea (Sahu!), Island Melanesia, and ultimately the colonization of the Pacific and Remote Oceania. In this part of the world maritime adaptations were, and are, essential to the process of colonization, human impacts on ecosystems, population viability on small islands, communication and trade. While the specific faunal distributions that prompted Wallace to draw his original line are not relevant to the papers here, the general issues of island biogeography and zoogeographic distributions play a significant part in the long term sustainability of occupation in many of these small islands following colonization
Moral Good, the Beatific Vision, and God’s Kingdom Writings by Germain Grisez and Peter Ryan, S.J.. Edited by Peter J. Weigel
No full textFor close to half a century, the work of Germain Grisez has been highly influential, and his writings continue to receive considerable attention from philosophers and theologians of diverse viewpoints. His co-author for this work is the professor and noted moral theologian Fr. Peter Ryan, S.J., currently the executive director of the Secretariat of Doctrine and Canonical Affairs of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB). These two eminent scholars explore fundamental questions about Christian eschatology, moral theory, the purpose of human life, and the promise of human fulfilment. The authors examine Christian teaching on the final destiny of persons, investigating the meaning of God's kingdom, the hope of the beatific vision, and the centrality of moral goodness and divine grace in one's final end. This work is an ideal source for students, scholars, ministers and lay persons interested in basic questions of Christian theology, the philosophy of religion, ethical theory, and Catholic doctrin
Murder on the mountain: author talk with Peter J. Wosh
No full textAuthor talk by Peter J. Wosh on May 5th, 2022, on his book, "Murder on the Mountain: crime, passion, and punishment in gilded age New Jersey.
East of Wallace's Line: an introduction
No full text[Extract] This volume owes its inception to a symposium we convened on Magnetic Island in northern Queensland, Australia in 1997. It takes its title from Alfred Russell Wallace whose voyage through the Malay Archipelago (see Fig. 1) resulted in the recognition of the zoogeographic divide, running between Lombok and Bali; Borneo and Sulawesi, now known as Wallace's Line.
'I have arrived at the conclusion that we can draw a line among the islands, which shall so divide them that one-half shall truly belong to Asia, while the other shall no less certainly be allied to Australia. I term these respectively the Indo-Malayan, and the Austro-Malayan divisions of the Archipelago.'(Wallace 1869: 21; see Fig. 1)
While this line defined for Wallace two natural provinces that had evolved during a long history of separation and isolation, he recognized that it did not apply to the human occupants of the region. 'The reason why exactly the same line does not limit both is sufficiently intelligible. Man has means of transversing the sea which animals do not possess'(Wallace 1869: 30). Wallace inferred that 'maritime enterprise' had allowed people to travel between islands carrying with them their genes, language, cultural traits, domestic animals and crops.
The papers in East of Wallace's Line deal with all facets of what Wallace (1869: 30) called 'maritime enterprise' - exploration, colonization, economy and subsistence. All papers focus on the regions of Island Southeast Asia known as Wallacea, Australia and New Guinea (Sahu!), Island Melanesia, and ultimately the colonization of the Pacific and Remote Oceania. In this part of the world maritime adaptations were, and are, essential to the process of colonization, human impacts on ecosystems, population viability on small islands, communication and trade. While the specific faunal distributions that prompted Wallace to draw his original line are not relevant to the papers here, the general issues of island biogeography and zoogeographic distributions play a significant part in the long term sustainability of occupation in many of these small islands following colonization
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