8 research outputs found
The European Early Promotion Project: A new primary health care service to promote children's mental health
No full textThe number of children in Europe with significant psychologic and social problems is large and increasing. This article describes an innovative crosscultural method of working with families to promote the psychosocial well being of children and prevent the development of psychologic and social problems. A study designed to evaluate the effects of the service is also presented. Primary health care workers in five European countries have been trained to conduct promotional interviews with all prospective mothers in their area one month before and one month after birth. They have also been taught to work with mothers identified as in need of support as a parent by using a specific counselling model to try to prevent the onset of child mental health difficulties. Effects of the intervention on children's psychologic development and family adaptation are being evaluated at two years in comparison with matched groups not receiving the intervention
Sarajevo 2000: the psychosocial consequences of war, Results of empirical research from the territory of former Yugoslavia,
No full text Sarajevo 2000: the psychosocial consequences of war, Results of empirical research from the territory of former Yugoslavia, Presentations from a Symposium held at the Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajevo, July 7 and 8, 2000. Editors: Steve Powell Elvira Durakovic-Belko www.psih.org (1.5 MB pdf file) Contents Forewords 9 About this book 11 Introduction 17 Will traumatic stress reactions continue to be an issue in the future? 17 The "psvchosocial approach" to the consequences of war: a critical essay 18 Overview of results regarding adults 27 Prof. Dr. Renko Dapic Papers on adults: epidemiology and risk and protective factors 31 Women from the safe haven: the psychological and psychiatric consequences of extreme and prolonged trauma on women from Srebrenica 32 Pam Bell*. Isabel Bergeret & Liliiana Oruc The effects of war trauma in Bosnian female civilians: a study description. 37 Pam Bell*. Liliiana Oruc & Kevin Spratt Displacement as a factor causing posttraumatic stress disorder 42 Nadezda Saviak The structure of displaced families who settled in Zenica 48 Nurka Babovic Attitudes to displacement 51 Fuad Hegic Posttraumatic stress disorder in adults after the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina: returnees. Displaced and non-displaced persons in Sarajevo and Bania Luka 54 Rita Rosner. Steve Powell & Will! Butollo Posttraumatic growth after war 58 Steve Powell*. Rita Rosner & Will! Butollo Psychological disorders in soldiers during the war 64 Slobodan Pavlovic & Osman Sinanovic Posttraumatic stress disorder in seriously wounded soldiers 67 Slobodan Pavlovic & Osman Sinanovic The role of depressive state in suicide attempts in patients treated at a psychiatric clinic during the war 70 Nurija Babaiic & Zihnet Selimbasic Repeated suicide attempts among patients treated at a psychiatric clinic during the war 72 Nuriia Babaiic & Zihnet Selimbasic DESNOS. coping and defence mechanisms 74 Miriana Pernar. Tanla Franciskovic & Liiliana Moro Ethnic distance in the post-war period in a multiethnic society 76 Slavica Adamovic Mental illness as a frequent psychological consequence of war 79 Sladana Kocevska Ways of coping with stress induced by war and their correlations with the five-factor personality model, tested on a sample of employed women 80 Natasa Hanak The experiences of migration and acculturation as reported by displaced people from B&H (Bosnia and Herzegovina) living in Vienna (Austria) 85 Andrea Kucera & B rig itte Lueger-Schuster Papers on adults: treatment 91 Who is in treatment? Comparison between Sarajevo adults in psychological treatment and those not in treatment 92 Steve Powell*. Amira Gradincic. Rita Rosner & Will! Butollo The impact of a mental health program in Bosnia-Herzegovina: Interventions and evaluations 100 Trudy Mooren*. Rolf Kleber. Kaz de Jong. Jadranka Ruvic & Seila Kulenovic Psvchosocial education as a model of psvchosocial assistance and support in the community 105 Miriana Novkovic A community-based family liaison and reintearation process 107 Sandra Kukic*. Momir Smitran. Sanin Campara. Nermina Becirevic. Seila Kulenovic-Latal. Seila Tulic. Aida Hasimbeaovic-Valenzuela & Minia Manduric-Bender War torture in B&H (Bosnia and Herzegovina), psychological consequences and rehabilitation 110 Sabina Popovic Psychological aspects of amputation 115 Andreia Lipnicevic Radio Five years of village field work in Eastern Slavonia. Northern Bosnia and Voivodina: 120 Charles Tauber Psychological care for caregivers 123 Jelena Srna & Irena Radio Overview of results regarding children and young people 129 Dr. Maria Gavranidou Papers on children and adolescents: epidemiology and risk and protective factors 139 Posttraumatic stress reactions in the children and adolescents of Sarajevo during the war 140 Sved Arshad Husain Children and adolescents' psvchosocial disorders in Sarajevo during the war and the post-war period 149 Vera Danes Evaluation of the psvchosocial adjustment of displaced children from Srebrenica 152 Nermin Papo & Jadranka Kolenovic-Papo War trauma of children in Tuzla 157 Rabija Radio Longitudinal study of the war-related traumatic reactions of children in Sarajevo in 1993. 1995 and 1997 158 Renko Papic* & Rune Stuvland Coping with traumatic stress - the role of some personality characteristics, socio-demographic characteristics, environmental factors and cognitive assessments 163 Elvira Durakovic-Belko The relation of war-related traumatic experiences to locus of control and fear of negative evaluation in pupils in secondary schools 167 Fehim Rosic War exposure and maternal reactions in the psychological adjustment of children from Mostar. Bosnia-Herzegovina. 172 Patrick Smith Influence of trauma on school achievement 175 Zumreta Behric Psychological war trauma and achievement motive 176 Jovan Savic Socio-demographic characteristics of children and their experience of war-related trauma 180 Branko Milosavlievic & Vladimir Turiacanin Posttraumatic adjustment of younger adolescents who suffered traumatic loss of or separation from their fathers 184 Sibela Zvizdic* & Willi Butollo War-related traumatic experiences and psychosomatic reactions of younger adolescents 188 Ariiana Osmanovic* & Sibela Zvizdic The effect of war-related trauma on the behaviour of adolescents 192 Sanela Karacic* & Sibela Zvizdic Educational development and psvchosocial adjustment 196 David Galloway*. Lynn Cohen & Esperanza Vives Psvchosocial functioning of Bosnian refugee adolescents in Slovenia 200 Vera Slodniak Psychological conseguences of the war and of displacement for child victims of war 1991 -1995 in Croatia 205 Josip Jankovic Long-term conseguences of war on children in Croatia 208 Gordana Kuterovac Jagodic Psychological effects of war trauma in children 211 Vesna Petrovic Psychological reactions of adolescents to war-related stress 214 Natasa Ceribasic-Liubomirovic Risk factors for the development of emotional problems in children during war-related separation from their parents 216 Kseniia Kondic. Vesna Deianovic. Milan Markovic. Goran Qpacic & Lazar Teniovic Time heals all sorrows? PTSD and its consequences four years after experienced trauma 217 Mariia Zotovic & Nila Kapor Stanulovic Research on the frequency and intensity of posttraumatic stress reaction among adolescents after the bombing in Novi Sad 222 Lada Marinkovic. Nevena Roncevic. Dobrila Radovanov & Aleksandra Stoiadinovic How adolescents feel about the war - reactions of adolescents exposed to war stressors during the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia 224 Danica Nikic Matovic Impact of the war on personality structure 225 Dusko Bursac How children and their parents react, emotionally and behaviourally. to stress caused by a war environment 228 Zarko Trebiesanin War through children's eves a year after the NATO bombing 232 Svetlana Tisinovic Papers on children and adolescents: treatment 235 Evaluation of UNICEF-supported school psvchosocial programs in B&H (Bosnia and Herzegovina) 1993-1999 236 Rune Stuvland* & Elvira Durakovic-Belko Psychological adjustment in war-exposed secondary school students two years after the war: Results of a large-scale risk screening survey 240 Milena Kutlaca*. Christopher M. Lavne. Jenifer Wood. William S. Saltzman. Rune Stuvland. & Robert S. Pvnoos The University of London/UNICEF Child Mental Health Project in Mostar 248 William Yule & Patrick Smith Case study of work with a traumatised child 251 Mediha Imamovic Differential effects of a non-specific school-program on returnee children 253 Maria Gavranidou*. Eiub Cehle. Steve Powell & Elma Pasic Participation in a program of psvchosocial support and reduction of posttraumatic symptoms in pre-school children and their mothers 257 Dzemal Sestan Psvchosocial support of children during the war in relation to well-being and coping strategies 260 Renko Papic* & Rune Stuvland Evaluation of results of cognitive-behavioural therapy applied to traumatised children of displaced persons and refugees 265 Mirha Sehovic The effect of war on children's speech 268 Sadeta Zecic Evaluation of psvchosocial intervention with traumatised adolescents 270 Veronika Ispanovic-Radoikovic*. Vesna Petrovic. Hilton Davis. Lazar Teniovic & Teodora Mincic Evaluation of an intervention for children's trauma 274 Vesna Petrovic* & Veronika Ispanovic Radoikovic Principles and effects of a program for the psychological support of war-traumatised children 277 Nila Kapor-Stanulovic & Mariia Zotovic Psychological workshops as a way to help children in extreme situations 281 Mirsada Topalovic & Emil Vlajic Programs of psvchosocial assistance for children with special needs and their parents after the war 283 Suleiman Hrnjica Table of contributors 287 Index 291Sarajevo 2000: the psychosocial consequences of war, Results of empirical research from the territory of former Yugoslavia, Presentations from a Symposium held at the Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajevo, July 7 and 8, 2000. Editors: Steve Powell Elvira Durakovic-Belko www.psih.org (1.5 MB pdf file) Contents Forewords 9 About this book 11 Introduction 17 Will traumatic stress reactions continue to be an issue in the future? 17 The "psvchosocial approach" to the consequences of war: a critical essay 18 Overview of results regarding adults 27 Prof. Dr. Renko Dapic Papers on adults: epidemiology and risk and protective factors 31 Women from the safe haven: the psychological and psychiatric consequences of extreme and prolonged trauma on women from Srebrenica 32 Pam Bell*. Isabel Bergeret & Liliiana Oruc The effects of war trauma in Bosnian female civilians: a study description. 37 Pam Bell*. Liliiana Oruc & Kevin Spratt Displacement as a factor causing posttraumatic stress disorder 42 Nadezda Saviak The structure of displaced families who settled in Zenica 48 Nurka Babovic Attitudes to displacement 51 Fuad Hegic Posttraumatic stress disorder in adults after the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina: returnees. Displaced and non-displaced persons in Sarajevo and Bania Luka 54 Rita Rosner. Steve Powell & Will! Butollo Posttraumatic growth after war 58 Steve Powell*. Rita Rosner & Will! Butollo Psychological disorders in soldiers during the war 64 Slobodan Pavlovic & Osman Sinanovic Posttraumatic stress disorder in seriously wounded soldiers 67 Slobodan Pavlovic & Osman Sinanovic The role of depressive state in suicide attempts in patients treated at a psychiatric clinic during the war 70 Nurija Babaiic & Zihnet Selimbasic Repeated suicide attempts among patients treated at a psychiatric clinic during the war 72 Nuriia Babaiic & Zihnet Selimbasic DESNOS. coping and defence mechanisms 74 Miriana Pernar. Tanla Franciskovic & Liiliana Moro Ethnic distance in the post-war period in a multiethnic society 76 Slavica Adamovic Mental illness as a frequent psychological consequence of war 79 Sladana Kocevska Ways of coping with stress induced by war and their correlations with the five-factor personality model, tested on a sample of employed women 80 Natasa Hanak The experiences of migration and acculturation as reported by displaced people from B&H (Bosnia and Herzegovina) living in Vienna (Austria) 85 Andrea Kucera & B rig itte Lueger-Schuster Papers on adults: treatment 91 Who is in treatment? Comparison between Sarajevo adults in psychological treatment and those not in treatment 92 Steve Powell*. Amira Gradincic. Rita Rosner & Will! Butollo The impact of a mental health program in Bosnia-Herzegovina: Interventions and evaluations 100 Trudy Mooren*. Rolf Kleber. Kaz de Jong. Jadranka Ruvic & Seila Kulenovic Psvchosocial education as a model of psvchosocial assistance and support in the community 105 Miriana Novkovic A community-based family liaison and reintearation process 107 Sandra Kukic*. Momir Smitran. Sanin Campara. Nermina Becirevic. Seila Kulenovic-Latal. Seila Tulic. Aida Hasimbeaovic-Valenzuela & Minia Manduric-Bender War torture in B&H (Bosnia and Herzegovina), psychological consequences and rehabilitation 110 Sabina Popovic Psychological aspects of amputation 115 Andreia Lipnicevic Radio Five years of village field work in Eastern Slavonia. Northern Bosnia and Voivodina: 120 Charles Tauber Psychological care for caregivers 123 Jelena Srna & Irena Radio Overview of results regarding children and young people 129 Dr. Maria Gavranidou Papers on children and adolescents: epidemiology and risk and protective factors 139 Posttraumatic stress reactions in the children and adolescents of Sarajevo during the war 140 Sved Arshad Husain Children and adolescents' psvchosocial disorders in Sarajevo during the war and the post-war period 149 Vera Danes Evaluation of the psvchosocial adjustment of displaced children from Srebrenica 152 Nermin Papo & Jadranka Kolenovic-Papo War trauma of children in Tuzla 157 Rabija Radio Longitudinal study of the war-related traumatic reactions of children in Sarajevo in 1993. 1995 and 1997 158 Renko Papic* & Rune Stuvland Coping with traumatic stress - the role of some personality characteristics, socio-demographic characteristics, environmental factors and cognitive assessments 163 Elvira Durakovic-Belko The relation of war-related traumatic experiences to locus of control and fear of negative evaluation in pupils in secondary schools 167 Fehim Rosic War exposure and maternal reactions in the psychological adjustment of children from Mostar. Bosnia-Herzegovina. 172 Patrick Smith Influence of trauma on school achievement 175 Zumreta Behric Psychological war trauma and achievement motive 176 Jovan Savic Socio-demographic characteristics of children and their experience of war-related trauma 180 Branko Milosavlievic & Vladimir Turiacanin Posttraumatic adjustment of younger adolescents who suffered traumatic loss of or separation from their fathers 184 Sibela Zvizdic* & Willi Butollo War-related traumatic experiences and psychosomatic reactions of younger adolescents 188 Ariiana Osmanovic* & Sibela Zvizdic The effect of war-related trauma on the behaviour of adolescents 192 Sanela Karacic* & Sibela Zvizdic Educational development and psvchosocial adjustment 196 David Galloway*. Lynn Cohen & Esperanza Vives Psvchosocial functioning of Bosnian refugee adolescents in Slovenia 200 Vera Slodniak Psychological conseguences of the war and of displacement for child victims of war 1991 -1995 in Croatia 205 Josip Jankovic Long-term conseguences of war on children in Croatia 208 Gordana Kuterovac Jagodic Psychological effects of war trauma in children 211 Vesna Petrovic Psychological reactions of adolescents to war-related stress 214 Natasa Ceribasic-Liubomirovic Risk factors for the development of emotional problems in children during war-related separation from their parents 216 Kseniia Kondic. Vesna Deianovic. Milan Markovic. Goran Qpacic & Lazar Teniovic Time heals all sorrows? PTSD and its consequences four years after experienced trauma 217 Mariia Zotovic & Nila Kapor Stanulovic Research on the frequency and intensity of posttraumatic stress reaction among adolescents after the bombing in Novi Sad 222 Lada Marinkovic. Nevena Roncevic. Dobrila Radovanov & Aleksandra Stoiadinovic How adolescents feel about the war - reactions of adolescents exposed to war stressors during the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia 224 Danica Nikic Matovic Impact of the war on personality structure 225 Dusko Bursac How children and their parents react, emotionally and behaviourally. to stress caused by a war environment 228 Zarko Trebiesanin War through children's eves a year after the NATO bombing 232 Svetlana Tisinovic Papers on children and adolescents: treatment 235 Evaluation of UNICEF-supported school psvchosocial programs in B&H (Bosnia and Herzegovina) 1993-1999 236 Rune Stuvland* & Elvira Durakovic-Belko Psychological adjustment in war-exposed secondary school students two years after the war: Results of a large-scale risk screening survey 240 Milena Kutlaca*. Christopher M. Lavne. Jenifer Wood. William S. Saltzman. Rune Stuvland. & Robert S. Pvnoos The University of London/UNICEF Child Mental Health Project in Mostar 248 William Yule & Patrick Smith Case study of work with a traumatised child 251 Mediha Imamovic Differential effects of a non-specific school-program on returnee children 253 Maria Gavranidou*. Eiub Cehle. Steve Powell & Elma Pasic Participation in a program of psvchosocial support and reduction of posttraumatic symptoms in pre-school children and their mothers 257 Dzemal Sestan Psvchosocial support of children during the war in relation to well-being and coping strategies 260 Renko Papic* & Rune Stuvland Evaluation of results of cognitive-behavioural therapy applied to traumatised children of displaced persons and refugees 265 Mirha Sehovic The effect of war on children's speech 268 Sadeta Zecic Evaluation of psvchosocial intervention with traumatised adolescents 270 Veronika Ispanovic-Radoikovic*. Vesna Petrovic. Hilton Davis. Lazar Teniovic & Teodora Mincic Evaluation of an intervention for children's trauma 274 Vesna Petrovic* & Veronika Ispanovic Radoikovic Principles and effects of a program for the psychological support of war-traumatised children 277 Nila Kapor-Stanulovic & Mariia Zotovic Psychological workshops as a way to help children in extreme situations 281 Mirsada Topalovic & Emil Vlajic Programs of psvchosocial assistance for children with special needs and their parents after the war 283 Suleiman Hrnjica Table of contributors 287 Index 29
Lifetime and past-year prevalence of children's exposure to violence in 9 Balkan countries: the BECAN study
No full textBackground: Children's exposure to violence is a major public health issue. The Balkan epidemiological study on Child Abuse and Neglect project aimed to collect internationally comparable data on violence exposures in childhood.Methods: A three stage stratified random sample of 42,194 school-attending children (response rate: 66.7%) in three grades (aged 11, 13 and 16 years) was drawn from schools in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Greece, Romania, Serbia and Turkey. Children completed the ICAST-C questionnaire, which measures children's exposure to violence by any perpetrator.Results: Exposure rates for psychological violence were between 64.6% (FYROM) and 83.2% (Greece) for lifetime and 59.62% (Serbia) and 70.0% (Greece) for past-year prevalence. Physical violence exposure varied between 50.6% (FYROM) and 76.3% (Greece) for lifetime and 42.5% (FYROM) and 51.0% (Bosnia) for past-year prevalence. Sexual violence figures were highest for lifetime prevalence in Bosnia (18.6%) and lowest in FYROM (7.6%). Lifetime contact sexual violence was highest in Bosnia (9.8%) and lowest in Romania (3.6%). Past-year sexual violence and contact sexual violence prevalence was lowest in Romania (5.0 and 2.1%) and highest in Bosnia (13.6 and 7.7% respectively). Self-reported neglect was highest for both past-year and lifetime prevalence in Bosnia (48.0 and 20.3%) and lowest in Romania (22.6 and 16.7%). Experiences of positive parental practices were reported by most participating children in all countries.Conclusions: Where significant differences in violence exposure by sex were observed, males reported higher exposure to past-year and lifetime sexual violence and females higher exposure to neglect. Children in Balkan countries experience a high burden of violence victimization and national-level programming and child protection policy making is urgently needed to address this
Mutations in the Amiloride-Sensitive Epithelial Sodium Channel in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis-Like Disease
No full textWe investigated whether mutations in the genes that code for the different subunits of the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) might result in cystic fibrosis (CF)-like disease. In a small fraction of the patients, the disease could be potentially explained by an ENaC mutation by a Mendelian mechanism, such as p.V114I and p.F61L in SCNN1A. More importantly, a more than three-fold significant increase in incidence of several rare ENaC polymorphisms was found in the patient group (30% vs. 9% in controls), indicating an involvement of ENaC in some patients by a polygenetic mechanism. Specifically, a significantly higher number of patients carried c.-55+5G > C or p.W493R in SCNN1A in the heterozygous state, with odds ratios (ORs) of 13.5 and 2.7, respectively. The p.W493R-SCNN1A polymorphism was even found to result in a four-fold more active ENaC channel when heterologously expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. About I in 975 individuals in the general population will be heterozygous for the hyperactive p.W493R-SCNN1A mutation and a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene that results in very low amounts (0-10%) functional CFTR. These ENaC/CFTR genotypes may play a hitherto unrecognized role in lung diseases. Hum Mutat 30:1093-1103, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc
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Role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in mediating mammary cancer cell migration and metastasis
No full texttextThe c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are MAPK family members and are activated by stress, growth factors and cytokines. They are encoded by three separate genes (jnk 1, 2, and 3), spliced alternately creating 10 isoforms. JNK signaling promotes both cell death and cell survival in a stimuli and tissue specic manner and is also implicated in tumorigenesis. Using the Polyoma Virus Middle T Antigen (PyVMT) transgenic mouse model where jnk2 was either expressed or deleted, we found that the PyVMTjnk2-/- tumors expressed higher Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Substrate 8 (EPS8) mRNA and protein. EPS8 regulates EGFR signaling from Ras to Rac and EGFR tracking via Rab5 and RN-Tre. EPS8 is a prime candidate for connecting the EGFR signaling to actin cytoskeleton remodeling, thus mediating cell migration, a critical step in metastasis. In migration assays, PyVMTjnk2+/+ cells migrated ve fold more than the PyVMTjnk2-/- cells. Re-expression of JNK2[alpha] in the PyVMTjnk2-/- cells rescued this phenotype. Expression of shRNA EPS8 in the PyVMTjnk2-/- cell increased migration in vitro. EPS8 localization at dorsal rues and internalization of EGF-EGFR complexes coincided with JNK2 expression. Expression of shEPS8 in the PyVMTjnk2-/- cells increased EGF internalization suggesting that in absence of JNK2, EPS8 participates in Rab5-RN-Tre complex that inhibits EGFR internalization. Finally, we report that in absence of JNK2, EPS8 protein stability is greatly increased, suggesting that JNK2 is essential for endosomal sorting and degradation of EGFR associated cargo, of which EPS8 is a critical part. In contrast, silencing JNK1 (p46) in 4T1.2 mammary tumor cells, consistently enhanced cell invasion and tumor growth. Tumors derived from orthotopic injection of the 4T1.2shJNK1 expressing cells into the mammary fat pad reached target volume signicantly earlier than non-silencing vector expressing tumors. When injected intravenously, signicantly higher lung metastasis was observed in the 4T1.2shJNK1 group. The more aggressive behavior of 4T1.2shJNK1 tumors was associated with an increase in CCR5 and pAkt as detected by microarray analysis. Taken together, our data suggest that JNK1 suppresses the expression of proteins associated with tumor growth and invasive phenotype, contributing to tumor progression.Pharmaceutical Science
