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Figure 11. A, T. denhartogi comb. nov. A1, 3 in Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species
No full textFigure 11. A, T. denhartogi comb. nov. A1, 3 copulatory organ; A2 bursal appendage (A1, 2 specimen from Curaçao; A3 specimen from New Caledonia). B, T. spinigerum sp. nov. B1 copulatory organ; B2 bursal appendage (from the holotype). Abbreviations: a-e, explained in text.Published as part of Willems, Wim R., Artois, Tom J., Vermin, Wouter A. & Schockaert, Ernest R., 2004, Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 271-296 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141 (2) on page 283, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00124.x, http://zenodo.org/record/463455
Trigonostomum piriforme Graff 1905
No full textTRIGONOSTOMUM PIRIFORME (PEREYASLAWZEWA, 1893) GRAFF, 1905 Hyporhynchus piriformis Pereyaslawzewa, 1893: 266, t. 4, fig. 30. Trigonostomum piriforme Graff, 1905: 115, t. III, figs 22,23; 1913: 310, fig. 272; Meixner, 1924b: 96, 99. Distribution: Black Sea (Pereyaslawzewa, 1893; Graff, 1905) According to Graff ’s (1905) drawings and description, the copulatory organ consists of three parallel plate-like structures, but without a central stylet. The bursal appendage is described as being identical with that of T. penicillatum. This species could be identical with T. penicillatum, but observations on new material are needed.Published as part of Willems, Wim R., Artois, Tom J., Vermin, Wouter A. & Schockaert, Ernest R., 2004, Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 271-296 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141 (2) on page 293, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00124.
Trigonostomum piriforme
No full textTRIGONOSTOMUM PIRIFORME (PEREYASLAWZEWA, 1893) GRAFF, 1905 Hyporhynchus piriformis Pereyaslawzewa, 1893: 266, t. 4, fig. 30. Trigonostomum piriforme Graff, 1905: 115, t. III, figs 22,23; 1913: 310, fig. 272; Meixner, 1924b: 96, 99. Distribution: Black Sea (Pereyaslawzewa, 1893; Graff, 1905) According to Graff ’s (1905) drawings and description, the copulatory organ consists of three parallel plate-like structures, but without a central stylet. The bursal appendage is described as being identical with that of T. penicillatum. This species could be identical with T. penicillatum, but observations on new material are needed.Published as part of Willems, Wim R., Artois, Tom J., Vermin, Wouter A. & Schockaert, Ernest R., 2004, Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 271-296 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141 (2) on page 293, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00124.x, http://zenodo.org/record/463455
Trigonostomum TORI 2004, SP. NOV.
No full textTRIGONOSTOMUM TORI SP. NOV. (FIGS 5F, 9F, 10E; TABLE 1) Alternative species name: trigonostomum-tori sp. nov. Trigonostomum setigerum Karling, 1986: 209–210, figs 45, 46. Holotype: One whole mount, USA, California, Pacific Grove (SMNH, no. 46459; Karling, 1986). Paratypes: Two whole mounts (SMNH, nos. 46457–8; Karling, 1986). Etymology: Dedicated to Prof. Dr Tor G. Karling, who collected the material. Diagnosis: Trigonostomum species with coiled copulatory organ, with five whole spires. Stylet 683– 853 Mm long, enveloped by the mantle over its entire length. Mantle distally split into two spiny plates with terminal hook. Bursal appendage 80–106 Mm long, with two tubules, proximally curved over 270∞ and with straight distal part.Published as part of Willems, Wim R., Artois, Tom J., Vermin, Wouter A. & Schockaert, Ernest R., 2004, Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 271-296 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141 (2) on page 292, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00124.x, http://zenodo.org/record/463455
Figure 7 in Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species
No full textFigure 7. Copulatory organs and bursal appendages of the representatives of group 1B, A, T. coronatum: A1 copulatory organ; A2 bursal appendage. (from the neotype). B, T. watsoni sp. nov. B1, 2 copulatory organ; B3 bursal appendage (B1 from the holotype; B2, 3 from the paratype). C, T. penicillatum: C1 copulatory organ; C2 bursal appendage (from the neotype). D, T. lilliei: D1, 3 copulatory organ; D2, 4 bursal appendage. [D1, 2 specimen from Australia; D3, 4 specimen from the USA (neotype = holotype of T. prytherchi)]. E, T. breitfussi: E1 copulatory organ; E2 bursal appendage; E3 section through the bursa and the bursal appendage (different specimens from Sweden; E2, 3 freehand drawings). F, T. mirabile: F1, 2 copulatory organ; F3 bursal appendage (F1, 3 from the neotype; F2 from another specimen from the Black Sea). G, T. nataschae sp. nov. G1 Copulatory organ; G2 Bursal appendage (from the holotype).Published as part of Willems, Wim R., Artois, Tom J., Vermin, Wouter A. & Schockaert, Ernest R., 2004, Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 271-296 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141 (2) on page 279, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00124.x, http://zenodo.org/record/463455
Trigonostomum AUSTRALIS 2004, SP. NOV.
No full textTRIGONOSTOMUM AUSTRALIS SP. NOV. (FIGS 5D, 9D, 10D; TABLE 1) Alternative species name: trigonostomum-australis sp. nov. Holotype: Whole mount, Australia, Queensland, North Stradbroke Island, Point Lookout, algae in tidepool, 12 August 1996. Other material: Observations on live material. Two whole mounts from Australia, New South Wales, Arrawarra, on Sargassum sp., 28 August 1996 and 1 November 1997. Etymology: Reflects the species’ occurrence in the southern hemisphere. Diagnosis: Trigonostomum species with coiled copulatory organ, with three whole spires. Stylet 414– 445 Mm long, enveloped by the mantle over its entire length. Mantle distally split into two spiny plates with terminal hook. Bursal appendage 34 Mm long, proximally curved over 270∞ and with straight distal section.Published as part of Willems, Wim R., Artois, Tom J., Vermin, Wouter A. & Schockaert, Ernest R., 2004, Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 271-296 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141 (2) on page 286, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00124.x, http://zenodo.org/record/463455
Trigonostomum SPINIGERUM 2004, SP. NOV.
No full textTRIGONOSTOMUM SPINIGERUM SP. NOV. (FIGS 8F, H, 11B) Alternative species name: trigonostomum-spinigerum sp. nov. Holotype: Whole mount, New Caledonia, Nouméa, Nouville, on algae in a lagoon south of the asylum, 3 August 2003 (LUC no. 231). Etymology: Refers to the spines on the mantle surrounding the stylet; spinigerum (L.) = prickly, spiny, thorny. Diagnosis: Trigonostomum species with copulatory organ 61 Mm long. Stylet 57 Mm long, proximally bent over almost 90∞. Mantle surrounds the whole stylet and carries 8–10 small spines on the convex side. Bursal appendage ± 35 Mm long, proximally funnel-shaped with two heavily coiled distal tubes, very faintly striated. Remarks: The bursal appendage is measured (and drawn) on the whole mount, in which it appeared extremely thin-walled. Therefore, the length (35 Mm) has to be interpreted as the minimum length. Furthermore, only one distal tube could be observed (two in the live individual), probably because both tubes are situated exactly above each other in the mounted specimen.Published as part of Willems, Wim R., Artois, Tom J., Vermin, Wouter A. & Schockaert, Ernest R., 2004, Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 271-296 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141 (2) on page 291, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00124.x, http://zenodo.org/record/463455
Trigonostomum WATSONI 2004, SP. NOV.
No full textTRIGONOSTOMUM WATSONI SP. NOV. (FIG. 7B) Alternative species name: trigonostomum-watsoni sp. nov. Holotype: Whole mount, Australia, New South Wales, Arrawarra, on Pavonina -like algae in shallow tidepool between rocks near beach, 27 August 1996. Paratype: One whole mount. Other material: Observations on live material. Six whole mounts and six serially-sectioned specimens, Australia, New South Wales, Lennox Head, on beach with coarse sand and on algae in tide pool, 27 October and 1 November 1997. One whole mount, Australia, New South Wales, Arrawarra, on Sargassum sp. in permanent pool, 27 August 1996. One whole mount, Australia, New South Wales, Arrawarra, Mullaway headland, on algae in deep rock pools, 24 July 2003. Two whole mounts, New Caledonia, Nouméa, Magenta, permanent pool near mangroves, on large algae covered with epiphytes, 22 August 2003. Etymology: Dedicated to Dr Nikki Watson, Armidale, Australia, who assisted with the collection of material at Arrawarra. Diagnosis: Trigonostomum species with copulatory organ 28–36 Mm long. Stylet 29–41 Mm long, proximally bent over 90∞. Mantle with three spine-like plates surrounds only the distal part of the stylet. Bursal appendage 62–78 Mm long, with two coiled (more than 360∞) striated tubes.Published as part of Willems, Wim R., Artois, Tom J., Vermin, Wouter A. & Schockaert, Ernest R., 2004, Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 271-296 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141 (2) on pages 292-293, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00124.x, http://zenodo.org/record/463455
Marinellia lingulifera LINGULIFERA RIEDL 1954
No full textMARINELLIA LINGULIFERA RIEDL, 1954 Marinellia lingulifera Riedl, 1954: 223–231, figs 30– 32. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea (Riedl, 1954). This species was considered by Riedl (1954) to be a close relative of Trigonostomum, mainly based on the presence of an antero-ventral invagination forming a kind of ‘proboscis’. Other features in which M. lingulifera resembles Trigonostomum species are the pharynx, which is strongly inclined forwards and shows very strong external muscles and weak radial ones (Riedl, 1954: 227), the double connection in the female system (Riedl, 1954: fig. 31), the presence of a bursa (Riedl, 1954: fig. 31: rs) with a long and narrow bursal stalk, paired ovovitellaria and a bursal appendage that consists of two coiled tubes, fused at their base (Riedl, 1954: 225). Three other features of M. lingulifera are not found in any Trigonostomum species: the presence of a muscular tongue in front of the pharynx (Riedl, 1954: 227–228, fig. 31: z), a muscular septum connecting the invagination with the pharynx (Riedl, 1954: fig. 31: ms), and an unpaired seminal vesicle (Riedl, 1954: 226). Ax (1971) considered M. lingulifera to be the sister group of Trigonostomum, based only on the presence of the antero-ventral invagination. There is, however, no material of this species available and some of the observations, such as the unpaired seminal vesicle, the detailed structure of the copulatory organ and the invagination certainly need confirmation. In addition, the copulatory organ and the bursal appendage are insufficiently described and not even figured in the original description.Published as part of Willems, Wim R., Artois, Tom J., Vermin, Wouter A. & Schockaert, Ernest R., 2004, Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 271-296 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141 (2) on page 293, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00124.x, http://zenodo.org/record/463455
Marinellia lingulifera Riedl 1954
No full textMARINELLIA LINGULIFERA RIEDL, 1954 Marinellia lingulifera Riedl, 1954: 223–231, figs 30– 32. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea (Riedl, 1954). This species was considered by Riedl (1954) to be a close relative of Trigonostomum, mainly based on the presence of an antero-ventral invagination forming a kind of ‘proboscis’. Other features in which M. lingulifera resembles Trigonostomum species are the pharynx, which is strongly inclined forwards and shows very strong external muscles and weak radial ones (Riedl, 1954: 227), the double connection in the female system (Riedl, 1954: fig. 31), the presence of a bursa (Riedl, 1954: fig. 31: rs) with a long and narrow bursal stalk, paired ovovitellaria and a bursal appendage that consists of two coiled tubes, fused at their base (Riedl, 1954: 225). Three other features of M. lingulifera are not found in any Trigonostomum species: the presence of a muscular tongue in front of the pharynx (Riedl, 1954: 227–228, fig. 31: z), a muscular septum connecting the invagination with the pharynx (Riedl, 1954: fig. 31: ms), and an unpaired seminal vesicle (Riedl, 1954: 226). Ax (1971) considered M. lingulifera to be the sister group of Trigonostomum, based only on the presence of the antero-ventral invagination. There is, however, no material of this species available and some of the observations, such as the unpaired seminal vesicle, the detailed structure of the copulatory organ and the invagination certainly need confirmation. In addition, the copulatory organ and the bursal appendage are insufficiently described and not even figured in the original description.Published as part of Willems, Wim R., Artois, Tom J., Vermin, Wouter A. & Schockaert, Ernest R., 2004, Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 271-296 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 141 (2) on page 293, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00124.
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