1,721,017 research outputs found
Wastewater treatment and Reuse – Present and future perspective in technological developments and management issues
No full textWastewater Treatment and Reuse – Present and Future Perspectives in Technological Developments and Management Issues, Volume 5 explores a wide breadth of emerging and state-of-the-art technologies, with chapters in this new release covering In which direction are worldwide regulations for direct reuse of reclaimed water moving?, A focus on the California experience on the reuse of reclaimed water – Current trends and future perspectives in the regulation, Water scarcity and climate change in the Mediterranean area: is reuse of reclaimed water a strategy to face these problems?, Environmental risks due to the reuse of treated sludge for agricultural purposes, and much more
Preface: Wastewater treatment and reuse—Present and future perspective on technological developments and management issues
No full textThe contributions of this book deal with some of the key topics relating to the reuse of reclaimed water projects, which, in many cases, are addressed together with the presentation of some case studies: regulation development, future perspectives, drivers, challenges and circular economy.
The first two chapters focus on the evolution of the regulation at European level and in California and also discuss the main pillars achieved in these two contexts and the corresponding future perspectives. The third chapter provides an in-depth analysis of the pressure of agriculture on renewable water resources and the potential associated with reclaimed water reuse to cope with this pressure in the context of twenty Mediterranean countries. It also gives a brief overview of the RRW guidelines and regulations in these countries, discussing the main strengths and weaknesses of RRW in addressing water scarcity and climate change in the Mediterranean.
Chapter four presents various case studies of the management and treatment of wastewater in Europe, Asia and Africa through the adoption of nature-based solutions and hybrid treatment systems which foster plant decentralization. It discusses how to redesign the (waste)water infrastructures in accordance with the principles of a circular economy while respecting environmental preservation and safeguarding.
Four relevant case studies (among them Windhoek in Namibia) are the focus of chapter five which aims to highlight the drivers, challenges, opportunities, solutions and costs in water reuse projects and also to discuss the importance of considering transparency, accountability and participation for the proper governance of these projects.
And lastly, chapter six deals with the role of water reuse in the panorama of a circular economy and it argues how it is possible to close the loop in water management by using the same words as the authors of this chapter: “the transition to a circular economy has the potential to transform current barriers to water reuse” and to promote these kinds of projects.
The book represents an opportunity for scientists, practitioners, university students, decision makers and all readers interested in understanding how actions related to the reuse of reclaimed water can help to preserve freshwater and safely exploit treated domestic effluent for its direct reuse, which could be the main obstacles in such efforts, and it also details the directions outlined by current legislation
Correction: Verlicchi, P.; Grillini, V. Surface Water and Groundwater Quality in South Africa and Mozambique—Analysis of the Most Critical Pollutants for Drinking Purposes and Challenges in Water Treatment Selection. Water 2020, 12, 305
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Progetto H2020: Self-Sustaining Cleaning Technology for Safe Water Supply and Management in Rural African Areas. SafeWaterAfrica, SWA
No full textThis project focuses on a major challenge in African countries: In the 15 sub-Saharan African countries 108 million people have limited or even no access to clean water. The SafeWaterAfrica project will research and develop an autonomous and decentralized water treatment system for rural and peri-urban areas which is highly efficient in the degradation of harmful pollutants and at the same time very effective in killing microbiological contaminants. The system will be designed to provide 300 people in rural areas. With a market penetration of 3000 systems the project has the potential to supply 900,000 people within app. four years after the end of the project. The project includes capacity building and business develop-ment so that system ownership and responsibility are in the hands of the local rural communities.
The joint European-African development will result in a low-cost solution easy to handle and operate. It will take into account the specific cultural aspects of the region and will be designed for operation with local staff and in the responsibility of local communities or local water service providers, respectively. These “Made in Africa” systems will therefore have a high level of acceptance in the rural areas which promotes the implementation of the technology.
Eleven transdisciplinary partners from Europe and Africa, assisted by eight enterprises and organisations in the Advisory Board, will work jointly over a project duration of 42 months to adapt a specific European water treatment technology into an African water treatment system solution. Besides, SafeWaterAfrica will generate the technological basis for innovative business models related to the development of water treatment products, which are produced, installed, operated and maintained in Africa. The resulting creation of new jobs will contribute to the social well-being and will promote economic growth in the rural and peri-urban areas of the southern African countries
Trends, new insights and perspectives in the treatment of hospital effluents
No full textRecently, investigations of hospital effluent management and treatment have not only interested research groups with acquired experience in the field but have also attracted the interest of new groups over the world. The most recent literature provides new insights into the occurrence of pharmaceuticals and other contaminants of emerging concern, pathogens, viruses, antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes in hospital effluent in various new developing and developed countries. It also provides information on the effective removal of key compounds (mainly antibiotics, analgesics, beta-blockers and chemotherapy drugs) by means of enhanced biological treatments and advanced oxidation processes. The current debate among the scientific community is mainly about the proper treatment to reduce the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes, and about the feasibility (from a technical and economic point of view) of treatment trains tested at lab and pilot scale
H2020-MSCA-ITN Joint PhD Laboratory for New Materials and Inventive Water Treatment Technologies. Harnessing resources effectively through innovation’ — ‘NOWELTIES’ (‘action’)
No full textThe primary objective of NOWELTIES is to organize a platform (European Joint Doctorate) that will provide cutting edge training opportunities for the education of tomorrow’s water treatment experts. The core activity is the research programme (composed of 14 individual research projects) aimed at development of inventive water treatment technologies (advanced biological treatments, inovative oxidation processes, hybrid systems) that allow catering for the varied treatment demands for a plethora of interconnected streams arising from recycling loops.
These technologies will be able to control contamination by organic micropollutants (OMPs) and improve recovery of water across a diversity of scales enabling a smart combination of decentralized and centralised approaches. Besides a holistic training
in the field of wastewater treatment dealing with state-of-the-art technologies, experimental techniques and knowledge management methodologies, NOWELTIES will provide a unique training approach to learning complex complementary skills leading to independent and critical thinking which seeks for originality and innovation
Feasibility evaluation in reclaimed water reuse projects through the analysis of some case studies
No full textIn reclaimed water reuse projects, the focus is generally to investigate and develop technical issues (most adequate treatment selection, water quality in the final effluent and its allowed variability, and satisfaction of water demand). Sometimes investments, as well as operational and maintenance costs, are also estimated and reported with regard to the construction or upgrading of the wastewater treatment. Less frequently, projects also include an economic evaluation that considers the costs and benefits related to the development of the project, in order to evaluate whether the project is feasible from both a technical and an economic point of view. This evaluation may be performed at different levels of analysis both in terms of costs and benefits. This chapter presents how the feasibility of reclaimed water reuse projects may be performed in both technical and economic terms through the presentation and discussion of a selection of projects for direct reuse for irrigation and recreational purposes. It emerges that different types of benefits may be considered and evaluated using different methods, including the contingent valuation method and the travel cost method. The chapter aims to provide new insights for a more comprehensive technical and economical evaluation of reclaimed water reuse projects. The approach followed is to discuss applied methodologies without entering into the analysis of the collected results in specific case studies. For this reason, data are reported only in those cases where exemplification may help understand the project development. The chapter concludes with some considerations on decision-support models: more complex tools which can help conduct a technical and economic feasibility analysis of the project
Analisi sperimentale di rimozione di metalli e BTEX in impianti di fitodepurazione a flusso sub-superficiale su scala pilota
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