6 research outputs found
Laser Assisted Catalytic Growth of ZnS/CdSe Core-Shell and Wire-Coil Nanowire Heterostructures
No full textPhotoluminescence and Raman Scattering from Catalytically Grown ZnxCd1-xSe Alloy Nanowires
No full textStudy of transparent conducting Ga-doped ZnO films grown by reactive co-sputtering of Zn and GaAs
No full textSurface-Enhanced Raman Scattering and Polarized Photoluminescence from Catalytically Grown CdSe Nanobelts and Sheets
No full textWe have successfully fabricated single-crystalline CdSe nanowires, nanobelts, and sheets by a
chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method assisted with laser ablation. The synthesized CdSe nanostructures
have hexagonal wurtzite phase as characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). CdSe nanobelts can range in
length from several tens to a hundred micrometers, in thickness from 40 to 70 nm, and a tapered width
which is ∼3 μm at one end and tapers off to ∼100 nm at a catalytic gold particle. Both selected area
electron diffraction (SAED) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopic (HRTEM) measurements
show that the single-crystalline hexagonal belts and sheets grew along the [0 1 −1 0] direction with side
surface of ±(0 0 0 1) and top surface of ±(2 −1 −1 0). While the growth mechanism of nanobelts complies
with a combination of vapor−liquid−solid (VLS) and vapor−solid (VS) processes, the formation of sheets
is primarily based on the VS mechanism. For comparison, the phonon modes of CdSe nanobelts and bulk
powder have been measured by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and normal Raman scattering
(NRS) spectroscopies with off- and near-resonant excitations. A blue-shift of 2.4 cm-1 for the longitudinal
optical (LO) phonon of CdSe nanobelts, relative to bulk CdSe, is attributed to a lattice contraction in the
belt structure, which is confirmed by the XRD measurement. Room-temperature microphotoluminescence
(PL) at ∼1.74 eV from single CdSe nanobelts shows a 3-fold enhancement compared to that from bulk
CdSe powder and displays a partial polarization dependence of emission angles
This content has been downloaded from IOPscience. Please scroll down to see the full text. Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea results in significant variations in cerebral hemodynamics detected by diffuse optical spectroscopies Physiological Measurement Obs
No full textAbstract The objective of this study was to adapt a novel near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) flow-oximeter for simultaneous and continuous monitoring of relative changes in cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and cerebral oxygenation (i.e. oxygenated/deoxygenated/total hemoglobin concentration: ∆[HbO 2 ]/∆[Hb]/∆THC) during overnight nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG) diagnostic test for obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAH). A fiber-optic probe was fixed on subject's frontal head and connected to the DCS flow-oximeter through a custom-designed fiber-optic connector, which allowed us to easily connect/detach the optical probe from the device when the subject went to bathroom. To minimize the disturbance to the subject, the DCS flow-oximeter was remotely operated by a desktop located in the control room. The results showed that apneic events caused significant variations in rCBF and ∆THC. Moreover, the degrees of variations in all measured cerebral variables were significantly correlated with the severity of Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine 7 These authors contributed equally to this work 8 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed. OSAH as determined by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), demonstrating the OSAH influence on both CBF and cerebral oxygenation. Large variations in arterial blood oxygen saturation (SaO 2 ) were also found during OSAH. Since frequent variations/disturbances in cerebral hemodynamics may adversely impact brain function, future study will investigate the correlations between these cerebral variations and functional impairments for better understanding of OSAH pathophysiology
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Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3
Full text linkGrapevine leafroll disease (GLD) is one of the most important grapevine viral diseases affecting grapevines worldwide. The impact on vine health, crop yield, and quality is difficult to assess due to a high number of variables, but significant economic losses are consistently reported over the lifespan of a vineyard if intervention strategies are not implemented. Several viruses from the family Closteroviridae are associated with GLD. However, Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3), the type species for the genus Ampelovirus, is regarded as the most important causative agent. Here we provide a general overview on various aspects of GLRaV-3, with an emphasis on the latest advances in the characterization of the genome. The full genome of several isolates have recently been sequenced and annotated, revealing the existence of several genetic variants. The classification of these variants, based on their genome sequence, will be discussed and a guideline is presented to facilitate future comparative studies. The characterization of sgRNAs produced during the infection cycle of GLRaV-3 has given some insight into the replication strategy and the putative functionality of the ORFs. The latest nucleotide sequence based molecular diagnostic techniques were shown to be more sensitive than conventional serological assays and although ELISA is not as sensitive it remains valuable for high-throughput screening and complementary to molecular diagnostics. The application of next-generation sequencing is proving to be a valuable tool to study the complexity of viral infection as well as plant pathogen interaction. Next-generation sequencing data can provide information regarding disease complexes, variants of viral species, and abundance of particular viruses. This information can be used to develop more accurate diagnostic assays. Reliable virus screening in support of robust grapevine certification programs remains the cornerstone of GLD management.This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Frontiers Research Foundation. The published article can be found at: http://www.frontiersin.org/Microbiology.Keywords: Ampelovirus, GLRaV-3, Grapevine leafroll disease, Closteroviridae, Genetic variantsKeywords: Ampelovirus, GLRaV-3, Grapevine leafroll disease, Closteroviridae, Genetic variant
