1,234 research outputs found
Seismic behaviour of vernacular architecture
No full textBook: Seismic Retrofitting: Learning from Vernacular Architecture
Edited ByMariana R. Correia, Paulo B. Lourenco, Humberto Varum
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/edit/10.1201/b18856/seismic-retrofitting-learning-vernacular-architecture-mariana-correia-paulo-lourenco-humberto-varumChapter: Seismic behaviour of vernacular architecture
ByH. Varum, H. Rodrigues, P.B. Lourenço, G. Vasconcelos
(Book Seismic Retrofitting: Learning from Vernacular Architecture)Vernacular buildings are in several seismic prone regions a relevant part of the building stock. They represent an important part of the of the cultural legacy, and of the technological and heritage context of the society. The present paper presents a revision of the effect of recent earthquake disasters in old buildings, and discusses the influence of the main structural elements in the vulnerability of these buildings, as well as the more common failure mechanisms. Finally, it is presented a review on the elements that more contribute to the seismic behaviour and performance of vernacular buildings.Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the partial support by the research project ‘SEISMIC-V - Vernacular Seismic Culture in Portugal’ (PTDC/ATP-AQI/3934/2012), from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT)
Materials and techniques of Art Nouveau architecture in Italy and Portugal: a first insight for an European route to consistent restoration
Get PDFThe results of the investigations on building materials and techniques of Casa Major Pessoa, a typical Art
Nouveau construction in Aveiro (Portugal), and two coeval Art Nouveau buildings in Bologna (Italy) are presented
as a methodological contribution to the restoration of this kind of buildings. This is the first step to
ascertain the existence of a common thread between local materials, technologies and architecture in European
countries at the same period. A holistic approach was adopted: materials were investigated along with
architectural, structural and technological features, in order to achieve a first insight into the Art Nouveau
architecture in Europe in particular for its consistent restoration without loss of historical memory
FRICTION DISSIPATIVE DEVICES FOR MITIGATING SEISMIC VULNERABILITY IN REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMES
No full textThis thesis explores the application of friction-dissipative devices in Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures to mitigate seismic vulnerability. The research mainly focuses on designing and testing a friction dissipative device for a Hybrid Steel Trussed Concrete Beam (HSTCB) to RC column connection for new RC Moment Resisting Frames (MRFs).HSTCBs have been used in buildings for the last 30 years. Still, despite their functionality, they are vulnerable to seismic activity, especially in the beam-to-column connection due to the large amount of reinforcement in that zone. To mitigate it, some structural modifications are proposed for the HSTCB and device connection.A uniaxial friction-dissipative device is designed and tested to choose the appropriate friction materials for sliding surfaces, assess the application of bolt preload, and explore the effectiveness of disc spring in mitigating the variation of bolt load during sliding. These are key issues in determining the behavior of the HSTCB to RC column dissipative connection.Thus, the appropriate use of HSTCB to RC column dissipative connection for mitigating the seismic vulnerability of MRFs is investigated. To this aim, a literature review on the use of friction-dissipative devices for beam-to-column connection is also discussed in detail. The hybrid steel trussed concrete beam to the reinforced concrete column connection is analyzed in detail, providing some modification to the design of the friction dissipative connection proposed in previous research.FEM analyses are performed on the uniaxial friction-dissipative device to verify the effectiveness of the device and the different parameters affecting its performance. An experimental campaign is conducted using different friction materials and bolt loads. The results of these tests were the main source for the selection of friction material for the friction dissipative device of HSTCB. The tests on the HSTCB to RC column connection are performed and discussed in detail.The tested uniaxial friction-dissipative device is suitable for use with bracing for seismic retrofitting of existing structures. Thus, additional research work has been done regarding the retrofitting of RC MRFs using bracings equipped with uniaxial friction dissipative devices. However, in order to keep focus on the main argument of the thesis (HSTCB to RC column dissipative connection) this research work is provided in Appendix A
Overview of 3D construction printing and future perspectives: a review of technology, companies and research progression
No full textSeismic response of current RC buildings in Kathmandu Valley
Get PDFRC buildings constitute the prevailing type of construction in earthquake-prone region like Kathmandu Valley. Most of these building constructions were based on conventional methods. In this context, the present paper studied the seismic behaviour of existing RC buildings in Kathmandu Valley. For this, four representative building structures with different design and construction, namely a building: (a) representing the non-engineered construction (RC1 and RC2) and (b) engineered construction (RC3 and RC4) has been selected for analysis. The dynamic properties of the case study building models are analyzed and the corresponding interaction with seismic action is studied by means of non-linear analyses. The structural response measures such as capacity curve, inter-storey drift and the effect of geometric non-linearities are evaluated for the two orthogonal directions. The effect of plan and vertical irregularity on the performance of the structures was studied by comparing the results of two engineered buildings. This was achieved through non-linear dynamic analysis with a synthetic earthquake subjected to X, Y and loading directions. The nature of the capacity curve represents the strong impact of the P-delta effect, leading to a reduction of the global lateral stiffness and reducing the strength of the structure. The non-engineered structures experience inter-storey drift demands higher than the engineered building models. Moreover, these buildings have very low lateral resistant, lesser the stiffness and limited ductility. Finally, a seismic safety assessment is performed based on the proposed drift limits. Result indicates that most of the existing buildings in Nepal exhibit inadequate seismic performance
Seismic vulnerability of building aggregates through hybrid and indirect assessment techniques
No full textThis work approaches the seismic vulnerability assessment of an old stone masonry building aggregate, located in San Pio delle Camere (Abruzzo, Italy), slightly affected by the 2009 April 6th earthquake occurred in L’Aquila and its districts. This building aggregate has been modelled by using the 3muri software for seismic analysis of masonry constructions. On one hand, static non-linear numerical analyses were performed to obtain capacity curves together with the prediction of damage distributions for the input seismic action (hybrid technique). On the other hand, indirect techniques, based on different vulnerability index formulations, were used for assessing the building aggregate’s behaviour under earthquake action. The activities carried out have provided a clear framework on the seismic vulnerability of building aggregates, as well as aid future retrofitting interventions
Numerical modeling of in-plane behaviour of adobe walls
No full textSome tests for material characterization of adobe blocks and adobe masonry have been carried out in universities and laboratories around the world. However, the number of tests is quite limited in comparison with those carried out with other structural materials, such as masonry or reinforced concrete, and even those tests just refers to elastic properties. The results of adobe tests (i.e. compression strength, elasticity modulus, shear strength, etc.), as well as the results of cyclic and dynamic tests on adobe masonry components and small buildings show that the mechanical properties of adobe masonry and the seismic performance of adobe constructions highly depend on the type of soil used for the production of units and mortar. Basic properties, such as elasticity modulus, can have significant variation from one soil type to another.
The state-of-the-art for the numerical modelling of unreinforced masonry point to three main approaches: macro-modelling, simplified micro-modelling and detailed micro-modelling. In all three approaches, the use of elastic and inelastic parameters is required. For adobe masonry, the lack of knowledge concerning some of the material properties makes numerical modelling more difficult.
In the proposed work, the mechanical properties of the typical adobe masonry in Peru have been calibrated based on a cyclic in-plane test carried out on an adobe wall at the Catholic University of Peru (PUCP). The mechanical parameters calibration and the modelling results of the in-plane behaviour of the adobe wall are presented. Macro-modelling and simplified micro-modelling strategies are used in finite element software with an implicit solution strategy. The results of this work represent the first step for the numerical modelling of the seismic behaviour of adobe constructions
Digitization of Built Heritage. Approaches and Methods for Data Acquisition, Analysis, and Intervention
No full textThis book presents a comprehensive framework for applying digital technologies to heritage conservation. It begins by developing a knowledge path of cultural heritage buildings through methods such as 3D laser scanning, photogrammetry, and Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM), and then leverages this data for the assessment and management of both rapid- and slow-onset disasters. To this purpose, multi-scale vulnerability and risk-assessment methodologies, particularly concerning seismic and climate change hazards, are used to support the planning of risk-mitigation strategies to protect heritage buildings from sudden and long-term threats.
Adopting a multidisciplinary and multi-scale perspective, the volume bridges the gap between architectural knowledge, structural analysis, and environmental risk management. It offers a practical and replicable model that integrates both traditional and innovative methods, aiming to preserve historical and cultural value while addressing contemporary conservation challenges.
Furthermore, the proposed framework supports the creation of a centralized digital platform, empowering heritage professionals, policymakers, and communities to make informed decisions regarding mitigation strategies. By combining technological innovation with established methodologies, this book provides tools and resources for safeguarding heritage buildings for future generations
Seismic risk assessment and hazard mapping in Nepal
No full textSeismic risk in the form of impending disaster has been seen from past records that moderate-to-large earthquakes have caused the loss of life and property in all parts of Nepal. Despite the availability of new data, and methodological improvements, the available seismic hazard map of Nepal is about two decades old. So an updated seismic hazard model at the country level is imperative and logical. The seismic hazard and risk model constitute important tools for framing public policies toward land-use planning, building regulations, insurance, and emergency preparedness. In fact, the reliable estimation of seismic hazard and risk eventually minimizes social and economic disruption caused by earthquakes. In this frame of reference, the seismic risk assessment at a country level is elementary in reducing potential losses stemming from future earthquakes. Thus, this study investigates structural vulnerability, seismic risk, and the resulting possible economic losses owing to future earthquakes in Nepal. To this end, seismic risk assessment in Nepal is done using an existing probabilistic seismic hazard, a newly developed structural vulnerability, and recently released exposure data. The OpenQuake-engine, the open-source platform for seismic hazard and risk assessment from the Global Earthquake Model initiative, was used to calculate the seismic hazard and risk in Nepal. The seismic hazard and mean economic loss map were formulated for the 1, 2, 5, and 10 % probability of exceedance in 50 years. Finally, the distribution of building damage and corresponding economic losses due to the recurrence of the historical 1934 earthquake was presented in this study
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