86,541 research outputs found
Inflation-Based Fiscal Consolidation: Does Speed Matter?
No full textThe potential role that a permanent increase in the inflation target might have in contributing to debt consolidation has rarely been covered in the literature on the link
between inflation and public debt. This paper thus investigates under what conditions
a higher inflation target might lead to a reduction in the public debt-to-GDP ratio,
in a deterministic environment of a TANK model where monetary and fiscal authorities actively operate. Analysing the economic mechanisms involved led to two key
results. Higher inflation has opposite effects on public debt in the short and long term.
Initially, a rise in the nominal interest rate induces savers to invest relatively more
in bonds. In contrast, once the inflation rate reaches higher values, lower wages and
rates of return impact on savers who reduce investments in bonds. The second finding
is that fiscal consolidation through higher inflation is far from obvious. Overall, the
long-term negative effects of higher inflation on output determine increases in fiscal
deficits. Moreover, a slower inflation adjustment path influences households’ expectations, leading to increases in the debt-to-GDP ratio rather than decreases in the short
term. In light of that, today more than ever, a traditional fiscal policy aimed at reducing the government’s deficit would be needed. Furthermore, revising the monetary policy strategy to increase the inflation target would not be recommended due to the potentially negative effects higher inflation could have on the economy
Effect of the substitution of M2O3 (M = La, Y, In, Ga, Al) for CaO on the bioactivity of 2.5CaO center dot 2SiO(2) glass
No full textGlasses were prepared whose compositions are defined by the following general formula: (2.5-x)CaO .x/3M(2)O(3). 2SiO(2) (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.6) (M = Ga, Al, In). Their bioactivity Was Studied "in vitro" by soaking the glasses in a simulated body fluid (SBF) The consequent formation of calcium phosphate laver was studied by means of electron microscopy (EM) equipped with an energy-dispersive system (EDS) for elemental analysis and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The results are compared to the literature relative to the Substitution of La2O3 and Y2O3 for CaO. It is observed that. in general, the substitution of M2O3 for CaO in the binary CaO-SiO2 glass composition progressively reduces the ability to form a calcium phosphate layer on the surfaces exposed to simulated body fluid (SBF). The composition limit can be related to the ionic field strength of the substituting cation and to the CaO content of the base glass. According to the mechanism reported in the literature a silica gel-like surface layer initially forms on the surfaces exposed to SBF. The observed results can be attributed to the effect of the Substitution of M2O3 for CaO on the acidic properties of the silanolic groups. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
T-g and FTIR of (2.5-x)CaO. x/3M2O3. 2SiO(2) (M = Y, La, In, Al, Ga) glasses
No full textA comparative study of the effect of substituting oxides of (M = Y, La, In, Al, Ga) to CaO in 2.5CaO2SiO(2) glass in the narrow compositional range of the binary CaO-SiO2 system in which homogeneous glasses can be obtained (0.4 < CaO/(CaO + SiO2) < 0.55). A plot of glass transformation temperature, T-g, vs the ionic field strength, Z/r(2), where Z and r are the charge and the radius of the cation, is useful in discussing the role of oxides in the glassy structure. It is hypothesized that, in the composition range, studied Al2O3 and Ga2O3 act as network forming oxides, while La2O3, Y2O3 and In2O3 act as network modifying oxides. FTIR spectra agree with this hypothesis and with the expectations based on the criteria reported in the literature, in particular with the one proposed by McMillan that the network modifier cations have an ionic field strength Z/r(2) < 5 A(-2). (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Effects on the thermal properties and bioactivity of substitution of CaO by M2O3 (M = La, Y, Al) in wollastonite glass
No full textThe effects on the thermal properties and bioactivity of the substitution of CaO by La2O3, Y2O3 and Al2O3 in a glass of composition CaO.SiO2 were studied and compared. The trivalent metal oxides were all effective in raising the glass transformation and softening temperatures when they replaced CaO in the glass of composition CaO.SiO2. The experimental results suggest that Al2O3 plays the role of a glass-former, while La2O3 and Y2O3 behave as glass-modifiers. The tendency to devitrify appears to be the lower, the farther the glass composition is from those of the crystalline phases, owing to the need for diffusion over longer distances, the greater the composition difference. The substitution with the trivalent metal oxides is detrimental to the bioactivity, which is preserved only in the event of very small degrees of substitution. The most negative role appears to be played by Al2O3
Optimized coating procedure for the protection of TiAl intermetallic alloy against high temperature oxidation
No full text"The interest for TiAl intermetallic alloys is growing in the last years because of their excellent. ratio between mechanical properties and density. However, the application at temperatures up to 873-. 973 K is restricted by the resistance to oxidation. For this reason it is of great importance to study. protective coatings able to raise its temperature of performance above 1073 K.. A TiAl3 layer was obtained on the surface of Ti-Al intermetallic samples, depositing an Al coating by. arc Physical Vapour Deposition, followed by a thermal treatment. The microstructure and the. composition of the coating were characterised before and after the thermal treatment by Scanning. Electron Microscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, Focused Ion Beam and Glow Discharge Optical Emission. Spectroscopy. The mechanical behaviour of the thermal treated layer was investigated by means of. scratch tests and nano-indentation.. Static oxidations at 1123 K were carried out on coated and uncoated samples, in order to study the. effect of the coating on the oxidation resistance of the samples. The aluminide coating provides a. protection against oxidation in air at the considered temperatures due to its ability to form a. continuous Al2O3 scale on the surface by the transformation of TiAl3 in TiAl2.
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
[Newspaper Clipping: Author Claims Evidence of Second JFK Assassin #1]
No full textNewspaper article titled "Author Claims Evidence of Second JFK Assassin." The article states that author Richard J. Whalen concluded "that there is circumstantial evidence to support the theory of a second assassin in the shooting of President John F. Kennedy.
Also By The Same Author: AKTiveAuthor, a Citation Graph Approach to Name Disambiguation
No full textThe desire for definitive data and the semantic web drive for inference over heterogeneous data sources requires co-reference resolution to be performed on those data. In particular, name disambiguation is required to allow accurate publication lists, citation counts and impact measures to be determined. This paper describes a graph-based approach to author disambiguation on large-scale citation networks. Using self-citation, co-authorship and document source analyses, AKTiveAuthor clusters papers, achieving precision of 0.997 and recall of 0.818 over a test group of eight surname clusters
John F. Kennedy telegram to Roosevelt
No full textJersey Homesteads (later the Borough of Roosevelt) was established in the 1930s as an agro-industrial cooperative community. It was established specifically for urban Jewish garment workers, many of whom had emigrated from Europe. President John F. Kennedy sent a telegram to the citizens of Roosevelt, New Jersey, apologizing for not being able to attend the memorial dedication in honor of former President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. (Jersey Homesteads became Roosevelt in 1945 in honor of the president.) President Kennedy expressed his gratitude to the people of Roosevelt for constructing the memorial, and commented that it will serve as a constant reminder of Roosevelt's good works
Logarithmic variance profiles and the corresponding f-1 spectra of temperature fluctuations in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection
No full textWe report experimental results for the temperature variance 2(z) and the corresponding frequency spectra P(f) in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC) in a cylindrical sample of aspect ratioT= D/L = 1:00 (D = 1:12 m is the diameter and L = 1:12 m the height). The measurements were conducted in the Rayleigh-number range 1011 < Ra < 1:35 1014 and Pr ' 0:8. For Ra = 1:35x1014, 2(z) could be described well by a logarithmic dependence on the vertical position z in a range of z 1 < z < z 2 with z 1 ' 70 and z 2 = 0:1L. Here L=(2Nu) is the thickness of a thin thermal sublayer adjacent to the horizontal plate where the heat flux (denoted by the Nusselt number Nu) is carried mostly by thermal diffusion. In the log layer, we found that the temperature spectra had a significant frequency range over which P(f) f with close to 1. As Ra decreased, increased so that the log layer became thinner. At Ra = 2:05 1011, z 2 < z 1 and therefore there was no range for a log layer. Correspondingly, the temperature spectrum near the horizontal plate did not have the f1 scaling form either
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