1,721,965 research outputs found
Beaming into the Iron Age : handheld X-ray Fluorescence on Iron Age ceramics from Luristan (Iran)
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Vibrational spectroscopy: theoretical basis relevant to archaeometry and archaeological applications
No full textMolecular pathways of different types of cell death: many roads to death
No full textCell death is a fundamental cellular response that has a crucial role in
shaping our bodies during development and in regulating tissue homeostasis by
eliminating unwanted cells. Three major morphologies of cell death have been
described: apoptosis (type I), cell death associated with autophagy (type II) and
necrosis (type III). In mammalian cells, the apoptotic response is mediated by either
an intrinsic or an extrinsic pathway, depending on the origin of the death stimuli,
and is almost always caspase-dependent. For a long time necrosis has been considered
to be an accidental and uncontrolled form of cell death. However, evidence
is accumulating that necrotic cell death in some cases can be as well controlled
and programmed as caspase-dependent apoptosis. Autophagy is foremost a survival
mechanism that is activated in cells subjected to nutrient or obligate growth factor
deprivation. When cellular stress continues, cell death may continue by autophagy
alone, or else it often becomes associated with features of apoptotic or necrotic cell
death, depending on the stimulus and cell type. It is debatable whether autophagic
cell death is an alternative way of dying, different from apoptotic and necrotic cell
death, or whether failure of autophagy to rescue the cell can lead to cell death by
either pathway. The aim of this chapter is to provide a general overview of current
knowledge on signalling events that result in apoptosis, necrosis and cell death associated
with autophagy
Distinguishable features between a 16th Century Portuguese-Flemish Master and his follower : technical and analytical contributions
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The use of colour on pottery decoration from late Holocene South American hunter gatherers
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Evaluation of the protective capacity of coatings on silver foil exposed to H2S, HCl and H3CCOOH as a model for the Ghent altarpiece gilded frames
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