29 research outputs found
Bidonvilles en déconfinement : les solidarités vont-elles tenir ?
No full textcontribution à un site web1ère lignes : Après quasiment 8 semaines de détresse, la situation dans les bidonvilles et squats de France est explosive. Suite à l’allocution d’Édouard Philippe le 7 mai, il reste beaucoup de questions au sujet du déconfinement en situation d’urgence sanitaire, et de la manière dont des actions mises en place dans l’urgence pendant ces dernières semaines seront maintenues ou non. Très récemment, la Cour européenne des droits de l’Homme (CEDH) a condamné la France pour l’évacuation d’un bidonville rom en région parisienne en 2013. Cet acte fait écho à l’alerte lancée par Birgit Van Hout, la représentante régionale pour l’Europe du Haut-Commissariat des Nations unies aux droits de l’homme (HCDH), au sujet des Roms. La pandémie a en effet aggravé la situation d’inégalité déjà critique à laquelle ces communautés sont confrontées.https://theconversation.com/bidonvilles-en-deconfinement-les-solidarites-vont-elles-tenir-13845
Bidonvilles en déconfinement : les solidarités vont-elles tenir ?
No full textcontribution à un site web1ère lignes : Après quasiment 8 semaines de détresse, la situation dans les bidonvilles et squats de France est explosive. Suite à l’allocution d’Édouard Philippe le 7 mai, il reste beaucoup de questions au sujet du déconfinement en situation d’urgence sanitaire, et de la manière dont des actions mises en place dans l’urgence pendant ces dernières semaines seront maintenues ou non. Très récemment, la Cour européenne des droits de l’Homme (CEDH) a condamné la France pour l’évacuation d’un bidonville rom en région parisienne en 2013. Cet acte fait écho à l’alerte lancée par Birgit Van Hout, la représentante régionale pour l’Europe du Haut-Commissariat des Nations unies aux droits de l’homme (HCDH), au sujet des Roms. La pandémie a en effet aggravé la situation d’inégalité déjà critique à laquelle ces communautés sont confrontées.https://theconversation.com/bidonvilles-en-deconfinement-les-solidarites-vont-elles-tenir-13845
Dendrochronologisch onderzoek Kasteel Mheer Dorpsstraat Mheer (BAAC project 25.0155)
No full textVerschillende vleugels en bouwfaseringen in de houtbouwconstructie van Kasteel Mheer zijn bemonsterd voor de inzet van dendrochronologisch onderzoek. Kasteel Mheer ligt aan de Dorpsstraat in de kern van het gelijknamige dorp Mheer, in de Limburgse gemeente Margraten. Het kasteelcomplex bestaat uit meerdere vleugels en een ronde toren in het zuidoosten. In totaal zijn 29 boorkernen genomen uit verschillende vleugels op 20 augustus 2024 en 28 januari 2025 bouwhistorici Maikel Niël en Birgit Dukers. De boorkernen hebben unieke nummering gekregen met een letter: N voor noordvleugel, O voor oostvleugel, W voor westvleugel en T voor toren. Belangrijk detail is dat in het materiaal duplicaten zitten. Van acht elementen zijn twee monsters geboord. Vier boorkernen bleken ongeschikt, omdat het hout te weinig jaarringen bevat. In totaal zijn 25 boorkernen opgemeten en dit resulteerde in 25 meetreeksen. Na clustering tot boomseries en boomgroepen heeft het onderzoek de volgende resultaten opgeleverd per vleugel.
Noordvleugel: Het kapinterval van een spant uit de noordvleugel dateert tussen 1530 – 1537. De herkomst van de eik is gelegen is zuidelijke richting in de Maasvallei in Oost-België.
Westvleugel: De laatst gemeten jaarringen uit twee spanten en een dekbalk zijn gegroeid in het jaar 1535. In drie gevallen waren de resten van een incomplete spinthoutring zichtbaar aan de buitenzijde, deze is geteld maar niet gemeten. Kortom, de laatst waargenomen jaarring valt driemaal in het jaar 1536. Dat de einddateringen samenvallen kan toeval zijn, maar het is ook een aanwijzing dat hier de wankantring bij het boren licht beschadigd is geraakt en dus incompleet is. Dit impliceert dat de eiken in 1536 zijn gekapt en waarschijnlijk in de herfst/winter van 1536 – 1537. Het hout van deze drie delen, plus een derde spant komt vanuit het zuiden gezien de houtherkomst in de Maasvallei in Oost-België.
Oostvleugel: De eik die is gebruikt voor de balk uit de oostvleugel (O1; O2) is gekapt in de herfst/winter periode van 1641-1642. De herkomst van deze eik is te zoeken is oostelijke richting in Midden-Duitsland.
Toren: De eik die is gebruikt om de twee stijlen T1 en T5 te vervaardigen is gekapt in de herfst/winter periode van 1641-1642. Ook hier geldt, de herkomst is te zoeken is oostelijke richting in Midden-Duitsland
If you suffer from a headache, then you have a brain tumour: domain-specific reasoning ‘bias’ and hypochondriasis
No full textWe explored whether hypochondriacal patients selectively search for threat-confirming information when asked to judge the validity of conditional rules in the context of general and health threats. We also explored several factors that may underly participants' information selection (e.g., believability of the rule). Hypochondriacal patients (n=20) and healthy controls (n=20) were presented with modified Wason Selection Tasks (WSTs). The WSTs contained safety rules and danger rules. In the context of general threat, both groups of participants adopted a verificationistic strategy in the case of danger rules and a Popperian strategy in the case of safety rules. Importantly, only hypochondriacal persons showed a similar threat-confirming reasoning pattern in the context of health threat. The latter finding contrasts with the earlier study of de Jong et al. (1998) [de Jong, P. J., Haenen, M.-A., Schmidt, A., and Mayer, B. (1998a). Hypochondriasis: the role of fear-confirming reasoning. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 65-74; de Jong, P. J., Mayer, B., van der Hijden, B., Bogels, S., and van den Hout, M. (1998b). Better safe than sorry: reasoning with conditionals in the context of threat. Submitted for publication.] in which both hypochondriacs and healthy controls showed a threat-confirming strategy in the domain of health threat. The WSTs in that study however, contained a (unintended) worry manipulation ('after hearing this, you get worried'), which might have induced a reasoning strategy in controls that is normally restricted to hypochondriacs. Taken together, the present results sustain the idea that the perception of threat activates a better safe than sorry strategy. In the case of phobic threats, such a reasoning strategy immunizes against refutation of phobic convictions
Die deutsche Fassung der Schmerzkatastrophisierungsskala (SKS-D) - psychometrische Analyse und Evaluation des Konstrukts
No full textObjective: The Pain Catastrophizing Scale, adapted for children (PCS-C) by Crombez et al. (2003), was translated into German (SKS-D) and evaluated regarding its factorial structure, its reliability and validity. The association of catastrophizing with various pain characteristics and disability measures was examined as well as its association to neighboring constructs.Method: The paper-and-pencil version of the SKS-D was used in two different samples of children and adolescents. Analyses were conducted on a subgroup of participants from an epidemiological sample [n=898; age: M=12.9 (SD=1.4)] who had experienced monthly headaches in the 6-months period before and a clinical sample [n=60; age: M=12.6 (SD=0.8)] seeking treatment for recurrent headaches.Results: Exploratory factor analysis (PCA) suggested a one-factor model in contrast to the 3-factor model suggested by Crombez et al. (2003). The unidimensional scale showed distinct homogeneity and satisfying reliability. The clinical sample showed significantly higher scores than the epidemiological group. Also girls scored higher than boys. The catastrophizing explained a considerable amount of variance in pain and disability parameters in both samples thus underlining its validity.The psychological variables internalising, anxiety sensitivity and somatosensory amplification showed significant small to moderate associations with pain catastrophizing and also with pain and disability. After controlling for the above mentioned psychological variables, catastrophizing still yielded an independent contribution to the explanation of variance in pain and disability parameters.Conclusions: The PCS-C in its German form is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing catastrophizing in children with recurrent pain, in particular headache, in the age of 10-16 years. Pain catastrophizing is suggested to be assessed especially in pediatric pain patients as it is a significant moderator of pain and disability. In children with a distinct tendency to catastrophize cognitive restructuring should become a target of pediatric pain therapy, as a reduction of catastrophizing cognitions may indirectly help to ameliorate pain and disability.Ziel: Die "Pain Catastrophizing Scale" für Kinder (PCS-C) von Crombez et al. (2003) wurde ins Deutsche übersetzt (SKS-D) und hinsichtlich ihrer faktoriellen Struktur, ihrer Reliabilität und Validität evaluiert. Der Zusammenhang von Katastrophisierung mit verschiedenen Schmerzparametern und Beeinträchtigungskennwerten sowie benachbarten Konstrukten wurde analysiert.Methode: Die Papier-und-Bleistift Version des SKS-D wurde zwei verschiedenen Stichproben von Kindern und Jugendlichen vorgelegt, einer Subgruppe eines bevölkerungsbasierten, epidemiologischen Samples (N=898, Alter: M=12,9 (SD=1,4)), die angab, an wiederkehrenden Kopfschmerzen in den 6 Monaten vor der Erhebung gelitten zu haben und einer klinischen Stichprobe (N=60, Alter: M=12,6 (SD=0,8)), die sich wegen wiederkehrenden Kopfschmerzen um psychologische Behandlung bemüht hatte.Ergebnisse: Eine exploratorische Faktorenanalyse (PCA) ergab ein ein-faktorielles Modell im Gegensatz zu einem drei-faktoriellen Modell, das Crombez et al. (2003) vorgeschlagen hatten. Die eindimensionale Skala zeigt eine sehr hohe Homogenität und zufriedenstellende Reliabilität. Die klinische Stichprobe zeigte signifikant höhere Werte in der Katastrophisierung als die nicht-klinische Gruppe. Mädchen wiesen höhere Werte auf als Jungen. Die SKS-D erklärt in den Schmerz-und Beeinträchtigungsparametern einen bedeutsamen Anteil der Varianz und zwar in beiden Stichproben, was die Validität stützt.Die ausgewählten psychologischen Variablen nämlich Internalisierung, Angstsensitivität und somatosensorischen Amplifikation, zeigten signifikante kleine bis moderate Korrelationen mit der Schmerzkatastrophisierung sowie mit Schmerz- und Beeinträchtigungskennwerten. Bei Kontrolle der psychologischen Variablen zeigte die Katastrophisierung weiterhin signifikante Korrelationen mit Schmerz- und Beeinträchtigungsparametern,was wiederum als Hinweis für die Validität des Fragebogens gewertet werden kann.Schlussfolgerungen: Die SKS-D ist ein reliables und valides Instrument zur Erfassung katastrophisierender Tendenzen bei Schmerz in der Gruppe von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit wiederkehrenden Schmerzen, insbesondere Kopfschmerz, in der Altersgruppe von 10-16 Jahren. Schmerzkatastrophisierung sollte insbesondere bei pädiatrischen Patienten erfasst werden, da es ein bedeutsamer Moderator von Schmerzerleben und Beeinträchtigungsempfinden ist. Bei Patienten mit starken Katastrophisierungstendenzen sollte kognitive Umstrukturierung ein zentraler Bestandteil der Schmerztherapie sein, da eine Reduktion dieser Tendenzen auf indirektem Wege zu einer Schmerz- und Beeinträchtigungsminderung führen kann
Children's internal attributions of anxiety-related physical symptoms: Age-related patterns and the role of cognitive development and anxiety sensitivity
Get PDFThe present study examined age-related patterns in children's anxiety-related interpretations and internal attributions of physical symptoms. A large sample of 388 children aged between 4 and 13 years completed a vignette paradigm during which they had to explain the emotional response of the main character who experienced anxiety-related physical symptoms in a variety of daily situations. In addition, children completed measures of cognitive development and anxiety sensitivity. Results demonstrated that age, cognitive development, and anxiety sensitivity were all positively related to children's ability to perceive physical symptoms as a signal of anxiety and making internal attributions. Further, while a substantial proportion of the younger children (i.e., <7 years) were able to make a valid anxiety-related interpretation of a physical symptom, very few were capable of making an internal attribution, which means that children of this age lack the developmental prerequisites for applying physical symptoms-based theories of childhood anxiety
Reducing vividness and emotional intensity of recurrent “flashforwards” by taxing working memory: An analogue study
No full textFAST: Towards safe and effective subcutaneous immunotherapy of persistent life-threatening food allergies.
Get PDFTo access publisher's full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field.ABSTRACT: The FAST project (Food Allergy Specific Immunotherapy) aims at the development of safe and effective treatment of food allergies, targeting prevalent, persistent and severe allergy to fish and peach. Classical allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT), using subcutaneous injections with aqueous food extracts may be effective but has proven to be accompanied by too many anaphylactic side-effects. FAST aims to develop a safe alternative by replacing food extracts with hypoallergenic recombinant major allergens as the active ingredients of SIT. Both severe fish and peach allergy are caused by a single major allergen, parvalbumin (Cyp c 1) and lipid transfer protein (Pru p 3), respectively. Two approaches are being evaluated for achieving hypoallergenicity, i.e. site-directed mutagenesis and chemical modification. The most promising hypoallergens will be produced under GMP conditions. After pre-clinical testing (toxicology testing and efficacy in mouse models), SCIT with alum-absorbed hypoallergens will be evaluated in phase I/IIa and IIb randomized double-blind placebo-controlled (DBPC) clinical trials, with the DBPC food challenge as primary read-out. To understand the underlying immune mechanisms in depth serological and cellular immune analyses will be performed, allowing identification of novel biomarkers for monitoring treatment efficacy. FAST aims at improving the quality of life of food allergic patients by providing a safe and effective treatment that will significantly lower their threshold for fish or peach intake, thereby decreasing their anxiety and dependence on rescue medication
Time from diagnosis to institutionalization and death in people with dementia
No full textINTRODUCTION: Reliable estimates of time from diagnosis until institutionalization and death in people with dementia from routine nationally representative databases are lacking.METHODS: We selected 9230 people with dementia and 24,624 matched controls from family physicians' electronic records linked with national administrative databases to analyze time until institutionalization and death and associated factors.RESULTS: Median time from recorded diagnosis until institutionalization and until death for people with dementia was 3.9 and 5.0 years, respectively, which was considerably shorter than for controls. Once institutionalized, median time to death was longer for persons with dementia (2.5 years) than for controls (1.2 years). Older age and receiving home care were the strongest predictors of shorter time until institutionalization and death in people with dementia. Gender, cohabitation, migration status, frailty, polypharmacy, and dementia medication were other significant factors.DISCUSSION: The estimates could help to inform patients, their families, and policymakers about probable trajectories.</p
