131,360 research outputs found
Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori: invasive and non- invasive testsRicci C, Holton J, Vaira D
No full textHelicobacter pylori infection can be diagnosed by invasive techniques requiring endoscopy and biopsy (e.g. histological examination, culture and rapid urease test) and by non-invasive techniques, such as serology, the urea breath test, urine/blood or detection of H. pylori antigen in stool specimen. Some
non-invasive tests, such as the urea breath test and the stool antigen test, detect active infection: these are called ‘active tests’. Non-invasive tests (e.g. serology, urine, near-patient tests) are markers of exposure to H. pylori but do not indicate if active infection is ongoing; these are ‘passive tests’. Non-invasive test-and-treat strategies are widely recommended in the primary care setting. The choice of appropriate test depends on the pre-test probability of infection, the characteristics of the test being used and its cost-effectivenes
Helicobacter pylori. Benedetto il giorno che ti ho incontrato
No full textSolo in Italia circa venticinque milioni di persone sono affetti dall’infezione da Helicobacter Pylori.
L’unica via di trasmissione a tutt’oggi nota pare sia il contagio dalla mamma al piccolino, senza che questo contagio
sia “scontato”. In questo agile saggio, in un’alternanza di voci, il gastroenterologo Dino Vaira e il medico di base Carlo Gargiulo, rispondendo alle domande più ricorrenti dei pazienti e sfatando i luoghi comuni sul fenomeno, spiegano cos’è questo batterio, perché è così pericoloso e quanto si è “fortunati ad averlo”... in quanto una volta sconfitto si ha la quasi certezza che non insorgano “brutti mali” allo stomaco. L’ulcera e la gastrite sono state davvero le malattie del secolo, grazie alla scoperta dell’Helicobacter, che è valso un premio Nobel nel 2005, l’ulcera, in particolare è stata sconfitta definitivamente. I sintomi dell’ulcera (dolore, cattiva digestione, pancia gonfia, nausea) e le sue terribile complicanze (emorragia) scompaiono completamente, inoltre, altro dato assolutamente rilevante, non si è più costretti ad assumere farmaci per il resto della vita... come avveniva solo venti anni fa. Il destino o ancor meglio l’intuizione di chi studia una vita intera un determinato argomento ha portato a questa incredibile scoperta. Infatti, se uno dei due vincitori del Nobel non si fosse “dimenticato” le colture in ospedale (mentre faceva beatamente surf sull’Oceano Pacifico) ancora oggi il pensiero dominante identificherebbe nello “stress” la causa dell’ulcera e della cattiva digestione, così come è stato negli ultimi cento anni. D'altronde questo “incidente” è stato davvero l’evento scatenante per la scoperta di questo
batterio e non virus, che ha radicalmente cambiato la storia dell’ulcera migliorando in maniera “radicale” la qualità di vita
di milioni e milioni di pazienti. Grazie alla scoperta di una terapia “made in Italy” detta sequenziale di dieci giorni è
possibile sconfiggere questo batterio con la quasi certezza di non ammalarsi mai più di ulcera
Noninvasive antigen-based assay for assessing Helicobacter pylori eradication: a European multicenter study
No full textNoninvasive antigen-based assay for assessing Helicobacter pylori eradication: a European multicenter stud
Concentration along geodesics for a nonlinear Steklov problem arising in corrosion modeling
No full textWe consider the problem of finding pairs (λ, u), with λ > 0 and u a harmonic function in a three-dimensional torus-like domain D, satisfying the nonlinear boundary condition ∂νu = λ sinh u on ∂D. This type of boundary condition arises in corrosion modeling (Butler-Volmer condition). We prove the existence of solutions which concentrate along some geodesics of the boundary ∂D as the parameter λ goes to zero
The clinical role of extracellular bioimpedance tomography (Gastro-Midax®) in the diagnosis of colorectal diseases
No full textAim. Gastro-Midax® is a non-invasive diagnostic medical device which carries out an extracellular bioimpedance tomographic analysis of the colorectal region with a neural technique interpretation using artificial neural networks to diagnose colorectal diseases. The aim of this spontaneous study carried out in various centres in Italy was to train Gastro-Mlda x® to distinguish normal patients from those with colorectal diseases. Methods. Patients who were referred to the Endoscopy Units of the 20 centres involved in the study to undergo colonoscopy from September 2002 to December 2003 were included in the study. At least 1 day before colonoscopy, patients underwent Gastro-Midax. The training of the bioimpedance tomography in this study considered patients negative (normal) when the colorectal endoscopy was normal or revealed only the presence of haemorrhoids. Patients were considered positive in the presence of diverticula (diverticulosis or diverticulitis), polyps, cancer. For positive patients with more than one pathology, neoplastic or preneoplastic lesions were considered more important than the others and the final diagnosis was made in accordance with this rule. Results. Overall, the 20 centres enrolled 947 patients (males/females: 477/470; average age±SD: 57.44±13.85 years). The specificity registered after training was 80% (95% CI: 76.5-83.1) and sensitivity was 83.89% (95% CI: 79-5-87.4). The sensitivity of bioimpedance tomography in the subgroup of patients with cancer (N=68) was 88.2% (95% CI: 78.4-93-9). As to polyps, sensitivity was calculated as a whole and according to size classification. The sensitivity of bioimpedance tomography in diagnosing patients witii polyps was therefore 78.3% (95% CI: 71.9-83.4). However, sensitivity increased to 83.7% (95% CI: 74.1-90.2) and 83% (95% CI: 70.7-90.8) when the bioimpedance tomography's ability to identify patients with at least one polyp ≥6 mm and ≥10 mm in size was taken into consideration. Conclusion. Gastro-Mida x® has proven to be a simple, reliable and accurate instrument, once training is completed, in the most common colorectal diseases. The device can therefore be proposed for both diagnosis and screening of colorectal diseases
The clinical role of extracellular bioimpedance tomography (Gastro-Midax®) in the diagnosis of colorectal diseases
No full textAim. Gastro-Midax® is a non-invasive diagnostic medical device which carries out an extracellular bioimpedance tomographic analysis of the colorectal region with a neural technique interpretation using artificial neural networks to diagnose colorectal diseases. The aim of this spontaneous study carried out in various centres in Italy was to train Gastro-Mlda x® to distinguish normal patients from those with colorectal diseases. Methods. Patients who were referred to the Endoscopy Units of the 20 centres involved in the study to undergo colonoscopy from September 2002 to December 2003 were included in the study. At least 1 day before colonoscopy, patients underwent Gastro-Midax. The training of the bioimpedance tomography in this study considered patients negative (normal) when the colorectal endoscopy was normal or revealed only the presence of haemorrhoids. Patients were considered positive in the presence of diverticula (diverticulosis or diverticulitis), polyps, cancer. For positive patients with more than one pathology, neoplastic or preneoplastic lesions were considered more important than the others and the final diagnosis was made in accordance with this rule. Results. Overall, the 20 centres enrolled 947 patients (males/females: 477/470; average age±SD: 57.44±13.85 years). The specificity registered after training was 80% (95% CI: 76.5-83.1) and sensitivity was 83.89% (95% CI: 79-5-87.4). The sensitivity of bioimpedance tomography in the subgroup of patients with cancer (N=68) was 88.2% (95% CI: 78.4-93-9). As to polyps, sensitivity was calculated as a whole and according to size classification. The sensitivity of bioimpedance tomography in diagnosing patients witii polyps was therefore 78.3% (95% CI: 71.9-83.4). However, sensitivity increased to 83.7% (95% CI: 74.1-90.2) and 83% (95% CI: 70.7-90.8) when the bioimpedance tomography's ability to identify patients with at least one polyp ≥6 mm and ≥10 mm in size was taken into consideration. Conclusion. Gastro-Mida x® has proven to be a simple, reliable and accurate instrument, once training is completed, in the most common colorectal diseases. The device can therefore be proposed for both diagnosis and screening of colorectal diseases
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