1 research outputs found
Coronal Heating as Determined by the Solar Flare Frequency Distribution Obtained by Aggregating Case Studies
- Author
- Dorricott Philip
- Kothamdi Yash S.
- Swartz Jason R.
- Lengerich Dylan
- Umbricht Thomas D
- Batra Jasleen
- Geerdts T. R.
- Recchia John C.
- Dixon Alyssa M.
- Collins Jack C.
- Biehle Samuel J
- Mulcahy Owen T.
- Kipp Isabel M
- Anderson Hunter J.
- Kim Brian T.
- Soby Daniel A.
- Troisi Thomas
- Pearl Harrison M.
- Upthegrove Zachary T.
- Koke Emily
- Loomis N. E.
- Augenstein Dakota N.
- Tanguma Nolan C.
- Hicks Andrew J.
- Soon Caitlin
- Saeb David
- Morency Cora
- Zhao Tiannie
- Koch Will
- Victory Andrew
- Salazar J.
- Rives Anna Linnea
- Martyr Cara
- Reed Charlie
- Bartman Jessica L.
- Bone Lauren
- Patton Catherine
- Adam Megan M.
- Meyer Ethan
- Randolph Parker
- Wood Travis M.
- Roy Marc G.
- Albaum Jonathan
- Venegas Nancy Ortiz
- Damgaard Olivia
- Ruggles-Delgado Kendall
- Martinez Alexa M.
- Aryan Maryam
- Ray Mia G. V.
- Coleman-Plante Aislinn
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- Juels Parker
- Cyr Aidan St.
- Hill Hallie
- Medellin Mateo M.
- Cheang Nathan M.
- Feng Zitian
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- Delasantos Megan E.
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- Fix Alexander
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- Kissner Natalie
- Crocker K. A.
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- Smith Percy
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- Pedersen Alexander J.
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- Murphy Maxwell J.
- Cage Breonna
- Waller Caroline
- Simmons Conor
- Belei Brennan J.
- Vann John D.
- Rahn Anna L.
- Fischer Emmalee
- Lee Justin
- Kuehl Kirsten
- Beach Simone
- Hoffman Alex
- Xiao Catherine
- Seglem Kasper
- Gopalani Mariam
- Hellweg Tim
- Huebsch Tyler J.
- Phommatha Krista
- Nandu Kshmya
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- Stribling Jordin L.
- Folarin Adeduni
- Ho Ella
- Cruse Zoe
- Hardie Isabelle
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 09/05/2023
- Field of study
Flare frequency distributions represent a key approach to addressing one of
the largest problems in solar and stellar physics: determining the mechanism
that counter-intuitively heats coronae to temperatures that are orders of
magnitude hotter than the corresponding photospheres. It is widely accepted
that the magnetic field is responsible for the heating, but there are two
competing mechanisms that could explain it: nanoflares or Alfv\'en waves. To
date, neither can be directly observed. Nanoflares are, by definition,
extremely small, but their aggregate energy release could represent a
substantial heating mechanism, presuming they are sufficiently abundant. One
way to test this presumption is via the flare frequency distribution, which
describes how often flares of various energies occur. If the slope of the power
law fitting the flare frequency distribution is above a critical threshold,
α=2 as established in prior literature, then there should be a
sufficient abundance of nanoflares to explain coronal heating. We performed
>600 case studies of solar flares, made possible by an unprecedented number
of data analysts via three semesters of an undergraduate physics laboratory
course. This allowed us to include two crucial, but nontrivial, analysis
methods: pre-flare baseline subtraction and computation of the flare energy,
which requires determining flare start and stop times. We aggregated the
results of these analyses into a statistical study to determine that α=1.63±0.03. This is below the critical threshold, suggesting that Alfv\'en
waves are an important driver of coronal heating.Comment: 1,002 authors, 14 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, published by The
Astrophysical Journal on 2023-05-09, volume 948, page 7
