469 research outputs found
Facing Challenges in Zero-Span Measurements of 5G mm-Wave EMF Power in LoS and NLoS Propagation
No full textWe present a methodology for on-site zero-span (ZS) measurement of incident power generated by 5G base stations (BSs) that operate at millimeter-waves (mm-waves), analyzing the challenges offered by the new frequency band and nonline-of-sight (NLoS) propagation, which is the most common situation for mobile network users. We also investigate the impact of omnidirectional and directional measurement antennas. This is the first research on this topic available in scientific literature. Our results reveal that the measurement method designed for frequencies below 6 GHz in line-of-sight (LoS) conditions is also applicable in the mm-wave range. At the same time, in NLoS, mitigation strategies are suggested to measure signals accurately. That is, an omnidirectional antenna is recommended since a directional one requires an initial assessment to align the probe with the direction of the strongest signal. In addition, directional antennas under NLoS conditions do not guarantee that the power density coming from different directions due to reflections is measured entirely. This study holds significant importance for international standardization bodies focusing on establishing measurement methods to evaluate exposure originating from mobile network BSs
In the shadow of the church: the building of mosques in early medieval Syria
No full textIn his book In the Shadow of the Church: The Building of Mosques in Early Medieval Syria Mattia Guidetti examines the establishment of Muslim religious architecture within the Christian context in which it first appeared in the Syrian region, contributing to the debate on the transformation of late antique society to a Muslim one. He scrutinizes the slow process of conversion to Islam of the most important town centers by looking at religious places of both communities between the seventh and the eleventh century. The author assesses the relevancy of churches by analyzing the location of mosques and by researching phenomena of transfer of marble material from churches to mosques
A Methodology to Characterize Power Control Systems for Limiting Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields Generated by Massive MIMO Antennas
No full textThe fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) cellular network has been launched recently. The assignment of new spectrum bands and the widespread use of Massive MIMO (MaMIMO) and beamforming techniques for better radio coverage are two major features of the new architecture. They imply both opportunities and challenges, one of the most daring one among the latter ones is the research for methods to assess human exposure to electromagnetic fields radiated by the base stations. The long-term time-varying behavior and spatial multiplexing feature of the MaMIMO antennas, along with the radio resource utilization and adoption of Time-Division Duplexing (TDD), requires that the assessment of exposure to electromagnetic fields radiated by 5G systems is based on a statistical approach that relies on the space and time distribution of the radiated power. That, in turn, is determined through simulations based on the actual maximum transmitted power - defined as the 95 th percentile of the empirical distribution obtained from historical data of radiated power - rather than on the nominal one. To ensure that exposure limits are never exceeded, a monitoring and control system (usually referred to as Power Lock (PL)) that limits the transmitted power can be used. In this paper we propose a methodology, independent from the specific technical solution implemented by the manufacturer, to characterize such control systems and determine their capability to limit the average power transmitted over a given time interval to a value that keeps the corresponding average exposure to electromagnetic fields below a specified value. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the methodology and that it can also be used to identify when the PL interacts with the higher levels of the MaMIMO system architecture
How to Characterize Power Lock Systems for Limiting Exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation Generated by 5G MaMIMO Systems
No full textRESVERATROL-INDUCED AUTOPHAGY CONTRIBUTES TO THE INHIBITION OF EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS REPLICATION IN BURKITT’S LYMPHOMA CELLS
No full textRESVERATROL-INDUCED AUTOPHAGY CONTRIBUTES TO THE INHIBITION OF EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS REPLICATION IN BURKITT’S LYMPHOMA CELLS
De Leo Alessandra (a), Colavita Francesca (a), Arena Giuseppe (b), Mattia Elena (a)
(a) Dip. di Scienze di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive “Sanarelli”, Univ. di Roma “Sapienza”
(b) Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, CSS-Mendel Institute, Roma
Presenting author: De Leo Alessandra, [email protected]
We have previously examined the antiviral activity of resveratrol on the replication of Epstein Barr Virus (EBV), the etiologic agent of infectious mononucleosis and associated with several types of malignancies of epithelial and lymphoid origin.
In a cellular context that allows in vitro EBV activation and lytic cycle progression through mechanisms closely resembling those that in vivo initiate and enable productive infection, we found that RV inhibited EBV lytic genes expression and the production of viral particles in a dose-dependent manner
A feasibility study of 5G positioning with current cellular network deployment
No full textThis research examines the feasibility of using synchronization signals broadcasted by currently deployed fifth generation (5G) cellular networks to determine the position of a static receiver. The main focus lies on the analysis of synchronization among the base stations of a real 5G network in Milan, Italy, as this has a major impact on the accuracy of localization based on time of arrival measurements. Understanding such properties, indeed, is fundamental to characterize the clock drifts and implement compensation strategies as well as to identify the direct communication beam. The paper shows how the clock errors, i.e., inaccurate synchronization, among 5G base stations exhibit a significant bias, which is detrimental for precise cellular positioning. By compensating the synchronization errors of devices' clocks, we demonstrate that it is in principle possible to localize a static user with an accuracy of approximately 8-10 m in non-obstructed visibility conditions, for urban and rural scenarios, using the deployed 5G network operating at 3.68 GHz and relying on broadcast signals as defined by 5G Release 15 standard. This work has been funded by the European Space Agency (ESA) Navigation Innovation and Support Program (NAVISP) Element 2 pillar which aims at improving the competitiveness of the industry of the participating States in the global Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) market
Does Independence Affect Regulatory Performance? The case of national competition authorities in the European Union
No full textDespite having always been assumed to be true, a relationship between the independence of regulatory agencies and their performance has never been formally tested. This paper aims at verifying whether formal regulatory independence affects the performance of national competition authorities in the EU member states. The author presents and discusses a statistical analysis which shows that greater formal independence leads competition authorities to investigate more cases and to issue more decisions
Caterina Colombini (1304 ca.-1387) o della cugina sedotta. Una ‘ricostruzione’ della figura di Caterina attraverso i testi letterari, in Le vestigia dei gesuati. L’eredità culturale del Colombini e dei suoi seguaci, a cura di I. Gagliardi, Firenze, Firenze University Press, 2020, pp. 57-71 ISBN 978-88-5518-227-0
No full textIn this essay the author demonstrates that it is possible to reconstruct the figure of Caterina Colombini (1340?-1387) – Giovanni Colombini's cousin – through a group of texts: the hagiography of Caterina, the letters sent to her by Giovanni Colombini and, finally, Giovanni's biography written by Feo Belcari. The author divides his text into four parts: the first part analyzes the content of Caterina's hagiography; the second examines the linguistic form of the hagiographic text; in the third, the author analyzes the latent meaning of the window, a symbolic place where Giovanni and Caterina converse on divine topics; in the last part, to conclude, the teachings that Giovanni gives to Catherine and her spiritual daughters – the Gesuate – are analyzed
La differenza italiana e l'aporetica del "non"
No full textIn this paper, the author discuss a recent volume on Antonio
Rosmini’s thought, and in particular around the relationship
between Rosmini and Fichte and the notion of nothingness and
nothingness of love
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