1,720,971 research outputs found
Un test per la valutazione della produzione e della comprensione di narrative nell’adulto cerebroleso con deficit di comunicazione
No full textA number of experimental studies have shown that standardized aphasia assessment results do not allow predicting performance in the brain damaged subjects on discourse comprehension. It is then necessary in routine clinical activity with these subjects to have specific assessment tools. Furthermore, it has been shown that standardised functional evaluation of information content in elicited speech samples (picture description task) from the brain damaged subjects may offer reliable measures of discourse efficiency. In this study we describe an Italian version of the Discourse Comprehension Test (Brookshire & Nicholas, 1993) that was administered together with picture description task to subjects with and without brain damage. These speech samples were evaluated with standardized method (CIUs analysis by Nicholas and Brookshire, 1993). The results show that both methods have reliable diagnostic value useful for assessing discourse abilities in communicatively impaired brain damaged subjects. We also describe a single case follow-up study where these methods were used
Discourse information content in non-aphasic adults with brain injury
No full textAbstract Background: The functional evaluation of discourse informativeness is widely used in both clinical practice and research, and impoverished and confused discourse has been described in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). This symptom has been related to language processing deficits at the macrolinguistic level. However, the functional counterpart of these deficits, i.e., poor informativeness in standardized analysis of elicited speech samples, has been less explored. Methods and procedures: In this pilot study, samples of narrative discourse from 10 non-aphasic TBI adults and 28 healthy adults were examined to study the relation between standardized measures of informativeness (i.e., CIU analysis) and language processing errors at the macrolinguistic level and to compare performance of the two groups. Outcomes and results: The participants with TBI did not produce relevant within-sentence errors, and information content of their narratives was not different from that of the healthy participants. However, their production of errors of cohesion, local coherence, and global coherence was significantly greater. These macrolinguistic errors corresponded to reduced levels of information efficiency (% CIUs score). Conclusions: Functional measures of speech informativeness such as the CIU scores may be useful for the clinical assessment of discourse processing deficits in TBI individuals without aphasic symptoms
I disturbi del linguaggio nelle lesioni dell'emisfero destro: proposta di test valutativo e prime esperienze applicative.
No full textRiabilitazione nella fase degli esiti: autosomministrazione controllata di terapie mediante Personal Computer: un nuovo strumento del logopedista per la terapia dei deficit afasici?
No full textA form of ideational apraxia as a selective deficit of contention scheduling
No full textIn this paper we studied three brain-damaged patients: the first two, DR and FG, had limb apraxia whilst the third was a control patient (WH2) with an executive function disorder but without limb apraxia. DR and FG were impaired in carrying out everyday actions, whilst they maintained the ability to sequence photographs representing those same activities. The failure in the action production task was not caused by visual agnosia for objects, as the patients could recognise them from sight. Nor was it produced by a loss of knowledge about their functions (De Renzi & Lucchelli, 1988), as DR and FG could identify objects from descriptions of their use
Discourse information content in non-aphasic adults with brain injury: a pilot study
No full textBackground: The functional evaluation of discourse informativeness is widely used in both clinical practice and research, and impoverished and confused discourse has been described in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). These symptoms have been related to language processing deficits at the macrolinguistic level. However, the functional counterpart of these deficits, i.e. poor informativeness in standardized analysis of elicited speech samples, has been less explored.
Methods and procedures: In this pilot study, samples of narrative discourse from 10 non-aphasic TBI adults and 28 healthy adults were examined to study the relationship between standardized measures of informativeness (i.e. Correct Information Unit analysis) and language processing errors at the macrolinguistic level and to compare performance of the two groups. Main outcomes and results: The participants with TBI did not produce relevant within-sentence errors and information content of their narratives was not different from that of the healthy participants. However, their production of errors of cohesion, local coherence and global coherence was significantly greater. These macrolinguistic errors corresponded to reduced levels of information efficiency (% CIUs score).
Conclusions: Functional measures of speech informativeness such as the CIU scores may be useful for the clinical assessment of discourse processing deficits in TBI individuals without aphasic symptoms
Narrative language in traumatic brain injury
No full textAbstract Persons who have sustained a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) often show impaired linguistic and/or narrative abilities. However, only few data about the narrative skills of persons with TBI are currently available. This is partly due to a lack of reliable tools to assess narrative discourse. The present study aimed to document the features of narrative discourse impairment in a group of adults with TBI. 14 severe TBI non-aphasic speakers (GCS<8) in the phase of chronical stability and 14 neurologically intact participants were recruited for the experiment. Their neuropsychological, linguistic and narrative skills were thoroughly assessed. Even if not aphasic, the individuals with TBI produced narratives with reduced levels of local and global coherence. Furthermore, their picture descriptions were also characterized by reduced percentages of lexical informativeness. Most interestingly, these disturbances were not correlated to their performance on tests assessing executive function skills and their span of verbal working memory. Overall, these results suggest the presence of a selective difficulty in TBI speakers in processing the macrolinguistic aspects of a discourse
- …
