1,720,980 research outputs found
Il ruolo del NICE INternational nella promozione e supporto dei processi di valutazione basati sulle evidenze
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Ultrasound Poroelastic Tissue Typing
No full textEmploying the poroelastic theory of acoustic waves in gels, the ultrasound (US) propagation in a gel medium filled by poroelastic spherical cells is studied. The equation of fast compressional wave, the phase velocity and the attenuation as a function of the elasticity, porosity and concentration of the cells into the gel matrix are investigated. The outcomes of the theory agree with the preliminary measurements done on PVA gel scaffolds inseminated by porcine liver cells at various concentrations. The feasibility of a non-invasive tech-nique for the health assessment of soft biological tissues steaming by the model is analyzed
Poroelastic longitudinal wave equation for soft living tissues
No full textMaking use of the poroelastic theory for hydrated polymeric matrices, the ultrasound (US) propagation in a gel medium filled by spherical cells is studied. The model describes the connection between the poroelastic structure of living tissues and the propagation behavior of the acoustic waves. The equation of fast compressional wave, its phase velocity and its attenuation as a function of the elasticity, porosity and concentration of the cells into the gel external matrix are investigated. The outcomes of the theory agree with the measurements done on Alginic acid gel scaffolds inseminated by porcine liver cells at various concentrations. The model is promising in the quantitative non-invasive estimation of parameters that could assess the change in the tissue structure, composition and architecture
Politiche sanitarie, tra razionamento e razionalizzazione: il ruolo e l’evoluzione del monitoraggio dell’assistenza farmaceutica a livello regionale
No full textDieci anni di studi nella gestione dei tempi di attesa nella diagnostica per immagine. Quali prospettive per un governo di sistema?
No full textMonitoring Appropriate Monoclonal Antibodies Prescribing via Administrative Data: An Application to Psoriasis
No full textThe Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA) and the Italian Regional Health Systems have implemented measures together with data collection and analysis to improve medicines’ appropriate prescription. Administrative databases represent rich Real-World Evidence (RWE) sources that may be leveraged for research purposes. Thus, such heritage may allow for appropriate prescription studies to be carried out on complex pharmaceutical molecules, as the appropriateness of prescriptions is essential both for patients’ treatment and to ensure healthcare systems’ sustainability. This study analyzed the appropriate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) prescribed in psoriasis treatment across Tuscany, Italy. Data were extracted from several large administrative databases collected by the Tuscan Regional Healthcare System through record linkages. The analysis showed that over 30% of the 2020 cohort of psoriatic patients could be regarded as potentially inappropriate treated, signaling that mAbs are often prescribed as first-line treatment contrary to guidelines. Variation was observed in the appropriate prescription of mAbs, across different types of mAbs and areas. The study revealed potential inappropriate prescription, and its geographic variation should raise awareness among managers about the appropriate use of resources. Despite limitations, this could represent a pilot for future studies to evaluate the appropriate prescription of mAbs in other clinic conditions and across time
MCmB liver model for drug metabolism prediction
No full textWe have developed a “system on a plate” modular multicompartmental bioreactor (MCmB) array which enables microwell protocols to be transferred directly to the bioreactor modules, without redesign of cell culture experiments. It is currently commercialized by Kirkstall Ltd, under the tradename Quasi-Vivo TM. The new system offers mechanical stimuli from flow and biochemical stimuli from cells placed in connected modules, and can be used for assessing the human hepatotoxicity potential of drugs, or for pharmacological or pharmacokinetic studies. Human hepatocytes were cultured in the MCmB system and subject to various flow rates for up to 7 days. Both gene expression and drug metabolism were quantified with respect to freshly isolated hepatocytes from the same liver sample, as well as cells in control (multiwell) conditions. The results show that most relevant CYP450 in drug metabolism (CYP 3A4, 2B6, 1A2, 1A1) are upregulated at mRNA level analysis in the MCmB device, in several cases approximating levels of expression in freshly isolated hepatocytes. This upregulation is confirmed by analysis in HPLC MS/MS of drug metabolism specific activities (Midazolam substrate for CYP3A4, Phenacetin for CYP1A2). The MCmB system thus recreates conditions more similar to the physiological environment
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