6,001 research outputs found
Measuring the Effectiveness of Carbon-Aware AI Training Strategies in Cloud Instances: A Confirmation Study
No full textWhile the massive adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is threatening the environment, new research efforts begin to be employed to measure and mitigate the carbon footprint of both training and inference phases. In this domain, two carbon-aware training strategies have been proposed in the literature: Flexible Start and Pause & Resume. Such strategies—natively Cloud-based—use the time resource to postpone or pause the training algorithm when the carbon intensity reaches a threshold. While such strategies have proved to achieve interesting results on a benchmark of modern models covering Natural Language Processing (NLP) and computer vision applications and a wide range of model sizes (up to 6.1B parameters), it is still unclear whether such results may hold also with different algorithms and in different geographical regions. In this confirmation study, we use the same methodology as the state-of-the-art strategies to recompute the saving in carbon emissions of Flexible Start and Pause & Resume in the Anomaly Detection (AD) domain. Results confirm their effectiveness in two specific conditions, but the percentage reduction behaves differently compared with what is stated in the existing literature
Audiomobiles, Sculptures and Conundrums
No full textRoberto Gerhard was a pioneer of electronic music in England creating a number of substantial concert, theatre and radio works from as early as 1954. Gerhard’s electronic music is one of the richest repositories for understanding the development of the composer’s late compositional technique. Apart from the Symphony no.3, ‘Collages’, none of Gerhard’s electronic music is published. This paper will discuss aspects of Gerhard’s electronic music, focusing on Audiomobiles (1958-59) and Sculptures (1963)
'Chapter 10: 5G-enabled IoT applications in healthcare: Transforming the Industry 5.0 healthcare landscape' in "1st Edition, The Future of Human-Computer Integration Industry 5.0 Technology, Tools, and Algorithms, Edited By Norliza Katuk, Roberto Vergallo, Tito Sugiharto, Copyright 2024".
No full textThe Future of Human-Computer Integration: Industry 5.0 Technology, Tools, and Algorithms provides a valuable insight into how Industry 5.0 technologies, tools, and algorithms can revolutionise industries and drive innovation.
By emphasising the convergence of computer technology and human interaction, readers will learn the concepts of Industry 5.0, from the fundamentals to advanced techniques, with real-world examples and case studies in different industry sectors. The authors equip readers with the knowledge to mitigate risks to ensure success in this complex human and computer synchronisation in the era of Industry 5.0. This collection of writings by experts in their respective fields invites readers to journey through the transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0. Practical insights are offered alongside cutting-edge applications, such as blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), QR code, and augmented reality (AR), as well as the consideration of privacy, trust, and authentication through digital signatures. Such technologies and applications hold much promise to revolutionise industries and drive innovation.
Topics in this book include the role of AI in human-computer interaction, efficient asset management using blockchain, computational thinking in program development, synergy of 5G and IoT in healthcare services, advances in increasing data capacity of QR codes, and personalised user experience with augmented reality. The authors also consider the challenges, risks, and concerns of such technologies and their applications in Industry 5.0. This book comprehensively explores Industry 5.0 from a computer science perspective as it delves into the technology aspects and tools for Industry 5.0. It offers readers a detailed understanding of how computer science intersects with Industry 5.0, how to humanise it, and its application to industry.
This book has been written for technology professionals and practitioners, especially ones in healthcare, smart systems, and the oil and gas sectors. It will serve as a useful reference for students studying such advanced courses as digital technology, digital transformation, emergent technologies, and innovation through new technologies
A Model-driven Approach to Design User Interaction on Smart Speakers
No full textWe are witnessing the wide spread of Vocal Assistants (VA) in our personal devices, such as smartphones, wearables and smart speakers. Such intelligent software services allow us to control IoT devices or trigger our preferred voice-based applications. Despite the amazing performances of the involved technologies (e.g. Natural Language Processing, speech-to-text and viceversa), the User Experience (UX) in using vocal apps is often poor. This is mainly due to the peculiar nature of the vocal channel, which is linear and transient. Mere porting of screen-based apps towards VAs without a deep re-thinking and re-designing of the whole app is not going to meet user expectations. In this paper we report on an experience we've had refactoring the UX of a popular music streaming app very used among the youngest: Spotify. The official Alexa skill for Spotify lacks a strong navigational model, which is fundamental for an application that should run without a display. Moreover, it also lacks a number of important features that are present on the Desktop and mobile counterparts. After refactoring the UX by using the Aural IDM methodology, we selected 20 beta-testers who used both the skills (the original and the refactored) for 1 day. The cohort had an average age of μ=30.25 years with a variance of ρ2=41.2, they were mainly students or junior workers, and the proportion between males and females were 60% vs. 40%. After being polled and interviewed, volunteers confirmed a clear preference in using the refactored version, by assigning it the maximum points twice and a half times with respect to the official version
Roberto Gerhard’s Sound Compositions: A Historical-Philological Perspective. Archive, Process, Intent and reenactment
No full textThis research advances the current state of knowledge in the field of early tape music both empirically and methodologically. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact that the electronic medium exerted in the musical thinking of Roberto Gerhard, one of the most outspoken, prolific and influential composers in the Spanish diaspora whose musical legacy, for the most part unknown, is a major landmark in the early history of electroacoustic music. Gerhard’s personal tape collection, one of the largest historical archives of its kind reported in the literature, is exceptional for both its antiquity (50+-year-old tapes) and its abundance of production materials. Through the digitisation and analysis of the composer’s tape collection this research argues that the empirical study of audio documents sets out a basis for a broader understanding of textual processes. More specifically, the research demonstrates that the reconstruction of works based on magnetic tape sketches is a powerful method to advance the understanding of early tape music. This research also examines Gerhard’s sound compositions in relation to the post-war context in which they were composed. Finally, this research presents performance documentation that proposes an approach to the electroacoustic music repertoire in which creativity is not at odds with rigor and critical discernment demonstrating that archival study can be closely aligned to the concept of re-enactment
Evaluating Sustainable Digitalization: A Carbon-Aware Framework for Enhancing Eco-Friendly Business Process Reengineering
No full textIn an era where sustainability is paramount, understanding the environmental impact of digitalizing business processes is critical. Despite the growing emphasis on sustainable practices, there is a lack of comprehensive methodologies to evaluate how digitalization impacts environmental sustainability compared to traditional processes. This paper introduces a carbon-aware methodological framework specifically designed to assess the sustainability of business process reengineering through digitalization. The Digital Green framework quantitatively analyzes the environmental costs associated with digital transformation, ensuring that truly sustainable digitalization results in lower resource consumption relative to the complexity of the process being digitalized. To demonstrate its effectiveness, the framework was applied to a case study involving the reengineering of an administrative process at a small university in southern Italy. The case study highlighted the framework's ability to quantify the environmental benefits or detriments of digital transformation, thus guiding organizations toward more sustainable digital practices. This research contributes to the field by offering a concrete tool for aligning digitalization efforts with ecological sustainability, and by paving the way for integration with initiatives such as the Green Software Foundation's Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) specifications
Structuring Repositories of Educational Experiences: A Case Study
No full textUntil now, a large amount of effort has been spent on structuring educational repositories. During the years, standard formats to describe learning resources have been provided, reference content models to exchange them among repositories and between repositories and Learning Management Systems have been specified, large repositories have been deployed both from academia and from private organizations (as IEEE and ACM, for example). Researchers observe that open and widely available educational resources can significantly reduce the time required to prepare lectures; other authors argue that repositories facilitate education, combining different learning style theories with technology preferences. The focus is mainly on learning content. In this paper we give a different perspectives on repositories for education, having as a central point the educational experience. We report on a case study we are completing structuring a repository to collect credible evidence from Italian teachers who create innovation in schools using technology. We describe the technical issues we encountered developing an online repository of hundreds of experiences, carried out in classes of all levels of schooling, where technology was skillfully combined with pedagogical solutions to generate
substantial educational benefits
Combining EPCglobal and HL7 to deploy innovative ehealth services for patients affected by multiple intolerances
No full textICT technologies are going to play more and more a fundamental role in the healthcare scenario. They aim to implement innovative e-health services able to improve patient safety and quality of care. Particular attention is focused on patients affected by multiple intolerances. This people struggle every day to perform elementary actions such as the choice of food and/or drugs because of the adverse reactions that particular components could cause if taken. New item-level tracing systems based on RFID and EPCglobal are very important and able to face these problems but they do not represent yet a complete solution. In fact, a very interesting challenge in the e-healthcare field is currently focused on the combining of tracing systems with hospital information systems, compliant to HL7 (Health Level Seven). In this paper, a prototypal ICT system able to support medical and nutritional applications, based on the combining of the two different standards EPCglobal and HL7, is shown exploiting a concrete case study in the immunology field. Potential benefits, derived from new e-health services for the main actors (e.g. doctors, pharmacists, patients, etc.), are discussed in order to define attractive future research works
IDA-Pay: a secure and efficient micro-payment system based on Peer-to-Peer NFC technology for Android mobile devices
No full textThe evolution of modern mobile devices towards novel Radio Frequency (RF) capabilities, such as Near Field Communication, leads to a potential for delivering innovative mobile services, which is still partially unexplored. Mobile proximity payment systems are going to enhance the daily shopping experience, but the access to payment security resources of a mobile device (e.g. the “Secure Element”) by third party applications is still blocked by smartphone and Operating System manufacturers. In this paper, the IDA-Pay system is presented, an innovative and secure NFC micro-payment system based on Peer-to-Peer NFC operating mode for Android mobile phones. It allows to deliver mobile-to-POS micro-payment services, bypassing the need for special hardware. A validation scenario and a system evaluation are also reported to demonstrate the system effectiveness and performance
An Innovative Educational Format Based on a Mixed Reality Environment: A Case Study and Benefit Evaluation
No full textWe are in the midst of an information revolution, in which emerging technologies are creating new products and services that are redefining many aspects of our lives. The introduction of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the educational context has allowed leading researchers and practitioners to find new ways of performing learning processes. It is evident that students are naturally attracted by activities that incorporate technology. In this work we propose an innovative competition-based educational format, known as “TIWE Linguistico,” that exploits a Mixed Reality (MR) environment in order to encourage the learning of English as a foreign language. The “TIWE Linguistico” has been used experimentally in an Italian high school and the benefits obtained have been validated by exploiting the FEE (Features Extractions) method
- …
