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Ultrastructural investigation on bovine Brunner's glands
Full text linkBrunner’s glands are branched tubulo-acinar glands principally located within the lamina propria and the submucosa of the small intestine of mammals. Previous histochemical studies of Brunner’s glands in cattle have shown that the glandular lobules can be divided into two parts: a peripheral part, corresponding to the terminal tracts of the gland, and a central part, corresponding to the pre-terminal tracts and to secretory duct of the gland. Aim of our study was to perform an ultrastructural investigation to verify whether the histochemical partition of the gland corresponded to the presence of different cell types, as described in other species. Data demonstrated that the glands were formed by two cell types: the tubulo-acinar gland regions consisted of pyramidal cells with large electron-lucent mucous secretory vesicles, while the pre-terminal and secretory ducts were made of sero-mucous cells with variable number of discrete secretory vesicles of different electron-density
Characterization of muscle fiber type in the Pectoralis major muscle of slow-growing local and commercial chicken strains
Full text linkThe study aimed to characterize muscle fiber type of the Pectoralis major muscle of slow-growing chickens belonging to Padovana purebreed and to the commercial hybrid Berlanda gaina and their crosses. Forty-five chickens (both males and females) from the different genotypes were grown up to 180 days. Histochemical and morphometrical analysis were performed to characterize muscle fiber types, myofiber density and myofiber size of the different genotypes. The effects of genotype, sex and their interaction were estimated. Muscle samples appeared almost entirely made up of IIB fiber type, whereas a low percentage of area (5 to 6%) was composed of hypercontracted fiber. Myofiber density was significantly higher (P<0.05) in Padovana strains and cross sectional area was significantly lower (P<0.01) than in Berlanda strain. Muscle fiber characteristics appeared not to be affected by interaction genotype x sex
Distribuzione dei diversi tipi di fibre muscolari striate nel muscolo scaleno ventrale di vitelloni alimentati con differenti diete. Indagini istoenzimologiche
No full textTesticular growth and comb and wattles development in three Italian chicken genotypes reared under free range conditions
Full text linkAbstract
Male chickens belonging to three Italian
purebreds – Ermellinata di Rovigo (ER),
Robusta lionata (RL) and Robusta maculata
(RM) – were studied. All the birds were reared
under the same rearing conditions (from May
until autumn). Chickens were reared under
infra-red lamps from birth until 4 weeks of age
with a 24L:0D photoperiod. Then they were
kept outdoor: the photoperiod changed according
to the season (from 16L:8D to 12L:12D). At
138 and 168 days of age 20 birds/breed were
weighed and then slaughtered. Testicular samples
were collected, after evisceration,
processed and embedded in paraffine wax.
Sections were stained for morphological observations,
observed with light microscope, and
then classified according to the testis maturation
stage. Ermellinata di Rovigo chickens
showed the lowest (P<0.01) body weight and
the highest (P<0.01) testes weight; testes
maturity was higher (P<0.01) in ER than in
RL, whereas RM was intermediate. For each
genotype testes weight and testes maturity did
not significantly differ with aging.
Correlations between testes weight and body,
comb, and wattles weight, according to the
breed, were calculated at 168 days of age. For
ER no significant correlation was found,
whereas RL showed a significant (P<0.01)
positive relationship between testes weight
and body weight, and sexual secondary characters.
Robusta maculata showed a significant
correlation between testes weight and comb
(P<0.01) and wattles weight (P<0.10). Our
results suggest that under the studied environmental
conditions ER showed the highest
testes development according to its more precocious
achievement of adult body weight,
whereas RL was the least precocious purebred
Glycoconjugates histochemistry of bovine pyloric glands, brunner's glands and duodenal goblet cells
No full textGlycoconjugate histochemistry of bovine Brunner glands
No full textThe principal aims of this study have been
to elucidate the nature of glycoconjugates produced
by the two distinct parts of bovine Brunner glands, peripheral
and central areas of lobules, and to investigate
the presence of sialyl acid residues. Bovine duodenal tissues,
embedded in paraffin wax, were investigated by
means of both conventional histochemical methods (PAS,
AB, HID) and biotinylated lectins (Con A, DBA, SBA,
GS-I-B4, PNA, sWGA, GS-II, UEA-I, LPA, LFA). Conventional
histochemical methods allowed us to accurately
define two different areas: a central and a peripheral
area. The central area, composed of secretory tubular
tracts and the excretory duct, contained neutral glycoconjugates.
The peripheral area was formed by both terminal
alveolar and tubular secretory tracts and contained both
neutral and acidic glycoconjugates, the latter partly
carboxylated and partly sulfated. Lectin histochemistry
confirmed differences highlighted by conventional histochemical
methods and allowed us to characterise glycoprotein
profiles of the preterminal and terminal tracts.
The preterminal tracts and the excretory duct contained
glycoconjugates with terminal D-Gal ]3(1-3)GalNAc,
a-D-Gal, a/[3-D-GalNAc, a/[3-D-GlcNAc, and internal
[3(1-4) D-GlcNAc and a-Man residues. The terminal
tracts were characterised by terminal a-L fucose,
[3-D-GalNac, a/[3D-GlcNAc, a-D-Gal, a-D-GalNAc, and
sialic acid residues. Internal [3(1-4) D-GlcNAc and
a-Man residues were also identified. Finally, secretion of
bovine Brunner glands is characterised by both O-linked
and N-linked glycoproteins: cells located in the preterminal
tracts and in the excretory duct produce mainly
O-linked glycoproteins while cells located in the terminal
tracts produce N-linked glycoproteins
Testicular growth in three italian chicken genotypes reared under free range conditions
No full textThe aim of this trial was to study testes growth in three Italian chicken breeds, Ermellinata di Rovigo (ER), Robusta lionata (RL) and Robusta maculata (RM). These breeds originates from Veneto region, in Northern Italy. The birds were reared under free-range conditions from 46 until 168 d of age, from June to November in Northern Italy. Natural photoperiod was decreasing (from 15 to 10.5 h) as well as environmental temperature (from 23±5 to 16±4°C). At 138 and 168 d of age 12 birds per breed were slaughtered and their testes were collected, weighed and then fixed in 10% formalin, and embedded in paraffine wax. Serial sections (10 μm) were stained for morphological observations. Four stages of testis maturation were considered: Class 0: seminiferous tubules with a simple single layer of spermatogonia and Sertoli cells, (prepubere testis); Class 1: seminiferous tubules with 2 layers of cells; appearance of primary spermatocytes moving away from the basement membrane; Class 2: seminiferous tubules with 3-4 layers of cells; Class 3: seminiferous tubules with 5-8 layers, presence of mature sperm cells in the lumen. Data were analysed by GLM using the SAS package. ER showed a lower (P<0.01) body weight in comparison to RL and RM males. At 168 d, ER reached 84% adult body weight, whereas RL and RM reached 79%. ER showed higher (P<0.01) testes weight in comparison to the other two breeds; ER testes highlighted mature sperm cells. From 138 to 168 d of age a tendential increase in testes maturity was observed only in RM breed
Testicular growth and comb and wattles development in three Italian chicken genotypes reared under freerange conditions
No full textMale chickens belonging to three Italian purebreds – Ermellinata di Rovigo (ER), Robusta lionata (RL) and Robusta maculata (RM) – were studied. All the birds were reared under the same rearing conditions (from May until autumn). Chickens were reared under infra-red lamps from birth until 4 weeks of age with a 24L:0D photoperiod. Then they were kept outdoor: the photoperiod changed according to the season (from 16L:8D to 12L:12D). At 138 and 168 days of age 20 birds/breed were weighed and then slaughtered. Testicular samples were collected, after evisceration, processed and embedded in paraffine wax. Sections were stained for morphological observations, observed with light microscope, and then classified according to the testis maturation stage. Ermellinata di Rovigo chickens showed the lowest (P<0.01) body weight and the highest (P<0.01) testes weight; testes maturity was higher (P<0.01) in ER than in RL, whereas RM was intermediate. For each genotype testes weight and testes maturity did not significantly differ with aging. Correlations between testes weight and body, comb, and wattles weight, according to the breed, were calculated at 168 days of age. For ER no significant correlation was found, whereas RL showed a significant (P<0.01) positive relationship between testes weight and body weight, and sexual secondary characters. Robusta maculata showed a significant correlation between testes weight and comb (P<0.01) and wattles weight (P<0.10). Our results suggest that under the studied environmental conditions ER showed the highest testes development according to its more precocious achievement of adult body weight, whereas RL was the least precocious purebred
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