1,721,014 research outputs found
Does it pay to be more educated? Publication at the Belarusian National Economic Newspaper (in Russian)[27.04.2010]
No full textDoes it pay to be more educated? Publication at the Belarusian National Economic Newspaper (in Russian)[27.04.2010]
No full text“Slow and Steady Wins the Race? An Appraisal of Ten Years of Economic Transition”
No full textHistorically unprecedented transition from a central planned to a market economy during the last
decade took different forms and produced different outcomes across former socialist countries of Central
and Eastern Europe and of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The Optimal Speed of Transition
(OST) models elaborated over the 1990s to explain the process of transition provide a fruitful frame of
mind. However, they leave unanswered important features of the reform process, such as the persistent
output fall of some former Soviet Union countries. In fact, the OST literature adheres to the emphasis of
the Washington Consensus on neglecting initial conditions across countries and the role of institutions in
the well functioning of market economies
Contribuire al reddito familiare con guadagni secondari? Le scelte di lavoro delle donne e le politiche fiscali in Europa
No full text
Secondary earners and fiscal policies in Europe
Full text linkWomen’s labour market participation is known to be responsive to fiscal (dis)incentives. The effects of different fiscal policies can be seen in increased hours worked, income earned or labour force participation rates for women. For potential entrants the effects can be seen in increased numbers starting work. This report examines work incentives and disincentives for secondary earners created by tax-benefit systems. Its aim is to identify potential work disincentives created by fiscal systems for secondary earners in couples
The patterns of economic transition in the Commonwealth of independent states
No full textThere are at least four important peculiarities of the CIS pattern of transition compared to that of the CEECs:
reform was slow, whatever the criteria adopted to measure it; the output fall was larger and more persistent;
there was no mass unemployment, especially at the outset, pointing to widespread labour hoarding. In turn, firms could keep all
the available resources thanks to wage arrears and persistent soft-budget constraints; income inequality dramatically increased.
To address these issues the paper proceeds by surveying the so-called Optimal Speed of Transition (OST) literature
"When does transition increase the gender wage gap?"
No full textIn the context of underlying stability in female participation rates, the gender wagegap, measured by the log of monthly wages, more than doubled in Belarus from 1996 to 2006. In this respect, the country has experienced a variant of the transition which occurred in the former Soviet Union where relative female wages fell by more than female participation. We have used the Machado and Mata (2005) analysis of the gender gap distribution. This reveals that the effect of coefficients on observed characteristics in widening the gap was increasing over time, especially in the lower and middle deciles of the wage distribution. At the same time, the effect of the characteristics themselves in reducing the gap was shrinking. The decomposition of changes in the gap over time, based on Juhn et al. (1991), confirms that the contraction of women's relative wages has been caused both by a deterioration in the observed characteristics of female workers and by the associated remuneration. Changes in the residual wage distribution tend to slightly reduce the gap rather than, as is the case elsewhere, to increase it. The analysis carried out in line with Neuman and Oaxaca (2004) suggests that the increased gap was not caused by sample selection. Instead, two observed factors are found to be mainly responsible for the results: hours of work have increased for men more than for women and women have experienced segregation in low-wage industries
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