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    The crust-mantle boundary in the Ligurian area: geological and geodynamic implications

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    The configuration of the crust-mantle boundary in the transition zone between the Western Alps and the northern Apennines is examined. Some recent Moho contour maps are discussed from a geological standpoint, and their paleogeographic and geodynamic implications are considered. It is assumed that three principal Moho surfaces exist in the area. Most authors agree that two of them (the European and Adriatic Mohos) belong to the pre-collisional Europe and Adria continental plates, while the nature of the third ("Ligurian-Tuscan' Moho) is debated. On the basis of various arguments, the present work suggests that the Ligurian-Tuscan Moho should be considered as forming part of the Adria Moho. The deepest surface is the Europe Moho, which generally dips to the E under the Ligurian-Tuscan Moho. The Adria Moho dips to the W or to the SW under the Ligurian-Tuscan Moho, which is the shallowest crust boundary. The overlap of the Ligurian-Tuscan Moho on the Adriatic one is considered to be a major intracontinental imbrication, which is connected chronologically and dynamically to the Oligo-Miocene opening of the Ligurian-Balearic basin and to the subsequent Mio-Pliocene opening of the Tyrrhenian basin. -from Author

    The Maritime Alps arc in the Ligurian and Tyrrenian systems.

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    After Late Eocene meso-alpine collision between the European and Adria plates, the Maritime Alps underwent further deformations linked to the Apennine orogenesis and consistent with a stress field developed during anticlockwise rotation. The western limit of the rotated sector is east of the Argentera massif and, to the southwest, represents the northwestern margin of the post-Eocene Ligurian sphenochasm. The sinistral rotation of the Maritime Alps initially occurred contemporaneous with the opening of the Ligurian basin (about 30-19 Ma) and probably continued during the subsequent opening of the Tyrrhenian basin (about 10-0 Ma). The rotating block comprises the northwestern part of the Adria indenter and a part of the paleo-European plate (namely, the Maritime Alps, Corsica and Sardinia). If a convenient configuration is assumed for the Moho of the Adria margin and suitable poles are chosen for subsequent rotations, then a simplified model of rigid body can explain the rotation structures in the Maritime Alps, the Apennines and Po Plain subsurface compressional arcs, the late foreland-directed transport of nappes in the Western Alps, the presence of extensional and dextral transcurrent structures, and the general uplift of the lithospheric mantle between the Ligurian sea and the Ivrea body. As to the causes of rotation, two alternatives ("subduction" or "asthenosphere uplift") are discussed. Chronological and mechanical arguments seem to favour the latter
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