1,907 research outputs found
Changing contours of Asian agriculture policies, performance, and challenges ; essays in honour of Professor V. S. Vyas
No full textCommemorative volume published on the 75th birth anniversary of V.S. Vyas, economist from Rajasthan, India; most of the papers presented at a seminar held at Jaipur in February 2008
An atomic force microscopy investigation of the interfacial properties of biocompatible nanostructured titanium oxide films
No full textCluster-assembled nanostructured Titanium Oxide (ns-TiOx) deposited by Supersonic Cluster Beam Deposition (SCBD) [1] recently proved to be a very promising biomaterial, allowing the adhesion and proliferation of cancer and primary cells, with no
need of additional coating with extra-cellular matrix proteins [2], and the adhesion of proteins, such as streptavidin, with no need of additional coatings of polycations [3]. Little is known of the specific role played by surface properties of ns-TiOx in the
interaction of proteins with nanostructured biocompatible materials.
Here we present an atomic force microscopy (AFM) study of the morphological and adhesive properties of ns-TiOx biocompatible surfaces. AFM provides nanometer spatial resolution in both imaging and force spectroscopy modes and it is therefore
the technique of choice for the investigation of biologically relevant surface properties of nanomaterials. AFM in force-volume (FV) mode has been used to characterized the local adhesive properties, in an effort to establish a correlation between the
meso- and macroscopic wetting and adhesive behavior of ns-TiOx films and local morphological and chemical properties, which in turn are expected to play a major role in the adhesion and interaction of proteins with surfaces.. To this purpose we have
developed a patterning strategy based on the combined use of SCBD and Nanosphere Lithography [9], for the production of sub-micrometre patterns of ns-TiOx on glass or other substrates. This allowed the concurrent investigation of the local
adhesive properties of the nanostructured and another reference material, and put the basis at the same time for the development of platform allowing the multi-technique investigation of biointerfaces
AN ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY BASED INVESTIGATION OF INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF BIOCOMPATIBLE CLUSTER ASSEMBLED THIN FILMS
No full textCluster-assembled nanostructured Titanium Oxide (ns-TiOx) deposited by Supersonic Cluster Beam Deposition (SCBD) recently proved to be a very promising biomaterial. The intrinsic nanostructure of this material, with fine granularity, high porosity and specific area, coupled to the chemical reactivity of the surface is likely to be a key element in determining the biological affinity of the material with nanometer-sized biomolecules, such as proteins. However, little is known of the specific role played by each of these surface properties in the interaction of proteins with nanostructured biocompatible materials. For understanding the role of different surface properties we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study morpho-chemical nature of ns-TiOx biocompatible surfaces.
AFM Force-Spectroscopy measurements have been used to characterize local adhesive properties of ns-TiOx surfaces. In order to achieve this goal we have developed a patterning strategy based on the combined use of SCBD and Nanosphere Lithography (NSL), for the production of sub-micrometer patterns of ns-TiOx on glass and other substrates. With this methodology one can have both target and reference material in the same investigation area. Results indicated that atoms on the surface of ns-TiOx can form coordinate bond with protein molecules thereby aiding in irreversible protein adsorption at the same time retaining complete biological activity.
To further understand how protein adsorption is affected by the buffer medium and by the surface properties of the substrate, we have measured the point of zero charge (PZC) of nanostructured cluster-assembled TiOx. As each kind of protein has different isoelectric point (IEP), hence their adsorption is greatly affected by pH of the buffering medium and concentrations of ions in the solutions. To this purpose, colloidal probes were developed to measure attractive and repulsive forces of a silica micro-sphere against metal
oxide surface as a function of pH. Estimated PZC values for TiOx (rutile) and ns-TiOx is 4.9 ± 0.5 & 3.0 ± 0.5, the latter being significantly smaller than PZC typically measured on crystalline surfaces.
These results can open up new avenues towards understanding adsorption characteristics of various proteins on metal oxide surfaces
Ophisops agarwali Patel & Vyas 2020, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Ophisops agarwali</i> sp. nov. <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ADEC3028-0FBA-4607-B84B-7C2EB05FE27D</p> <p>Figs.-1, 2 and 3; Table 1</p> <p> <b>Holotype.</b> BNHS 2750, adult female, from a plateau near Bhuvero (22.52824°N 74.13162°E; <i>ca</i>. 630 m a.s.l.), Ratanmahal, Dahod district, Gujarat, India, collected by Raju Vyas on 30 April 2000.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific epithet is a patronym, honouring Dr. Ishan Agarwal for his significant contributions to the study of reptile systematics and biogeography (especially of geckos and lacertids of south Asia), and constant inspiration to the authors.</p> <p> <b>Suggested Common Name.</b> Agarwal’s lacerta; Agarwal’s snake- eye.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> The new species was morphologically diagnosed as <i>Ophisops</i> based on the absence of a distinct collar, presence of a large transparent disc on the lower eyelid and digits not fringed laterally (Boulenger 1921; Smith 1935). A small bodied <i>Ophisops</i> characterized by (1) snout-vent length up to 40 mm; (2) two frontonasals present; (3) prefrontals not in contact; (4) enlarged tympanic scale absent; (5) 30 scales at midbody; (6) 19 lamellae underneath the fourth toe; (7) five chin shields, first two in contact medially; (8) 15 scales between symphysis of chin shields and ventral plates; (9) large mental scale, extending beyond second supralabial; (10) females with 9 femoral pores on either side interrupted by three poreless scales.</p> <p> <b>Comparison.</b> Here, we provide comparison of the new species with its Indian congeners (Table 2). Morphologically <i>Ophisops agarwali</i> sp. nov. differs from all the large bodied species based on its smaller adult size (SVL up to 40 mm vs. SVL> 50 mm in <i>Ophisops leschenaultii</i>, <i>O. microlepis</i>, <i>O. pushkarensis</i> and <i>O. kutchensis</i>).</p> <p> <i>Ophisops agarwali</i> sp. nov. differs from <i>O. nictans</i> (Fig. 4A, 4B, 4C) in having two frontonasals (vs. single frontonasal); lower eyelid fused with upper eyelid (vs. lower eyelid distinct); five chin shields (vs. six chin shields); 15 gular scales (vs. 17–18) between symphysis of chin shields and ventral plates; 8 supraciliary granules (vs. 11–12) and a dorsolateral stripe from behind the eye onto the tail absent (vs. present).</p> <p> <i>Ophisops agarwali</i> sp. nov. differs from <i>O. jerdonii</i> (Fig. 4D, 4E, 4F) in having two frontonasals (vs. single frontonasal); five chin shields (vs. six chin shields); four supraciliary scales (vs. three) and a dorsolateral stripe from behind the eye onto the tail absent (vs. present).</p> <p> <i>Ophisops agarwali</i> sp. nov. is most similar to <i>O. beddomei</i> (Fig. 4G, 4H, 4I) in having single frontonasal but differs in having five chin shields (vs. six chin shields); 15 gular scales (vs. 17–18) between symphysis of chin shields and ventral plates; four supraciliary scales (vs. three); enlarged tympanic scale absent (vs. present); mental extending beyond the second supralabial (vs. mental extending up to or beyond first supralabial) and six dorsal scales (vs. three-four) in contact with each parietal scale.</p> <p> <i>Ecologica Montenegrina, 35, 2020, 31-44</i> <b>Description of</b> <b>holotype.</b> Adult female in relatively good condition apart from minor artefacts of preservation: body and tail slightly curved towards left side; fore limbs slightly extended, facing backward. SVL 40.8 mm. Head short (HL / SVL = 0.28), more than twice longer than wide (HL / HW = 2.43), depressed (HH / HL = 0.34), slightly broader than neck, upper head scales keeled and finely striated. Loreal region slightly concave with sharp canthus rostralis. Snout acute (IN / IO = 0.28), slightly projecting beyond lower jaw. Eye small (ED / HL = 0.15); pupil round; supraciliary scales distinct, elongate, four on either side. Tympanum elongate, small (TD / HH = 0.31), covered anteriorly by four scales; eye to ear distance almost twice the eye diameter (EE / ED = 1.95). Nostril elliptical, laterally oriented, closer to the snout tip than to eye (NE / SE = 0.81) and between four nasals; a nasal, supranasal and a pair of postnasals on each side. Body slender (BW / SVL = 0.17), trunk not elongate (TRL / SVL = 0.48). Tail longer than SVL (TL / SVL = 1.41). Fore limbs and hind limbs slender and relatively well developed; hind limbs longer than fore limbs (LFL / LHL = 0.64); forearm and tibia short (FL/ SVL = 0.12; CL/ SVL = 0.18); digits long and slender, ending in a sharp and moderately curved claw; subdigital lamellae distinct, entire, distinctly keeled, bicarinate on both manus and pes; number of subdigital lamellae including claw sheath: left manus 6-10-14- 17-9; right manus 6-9-13-17-9; left pes 7-12-15-19-11; right pes 8-12-15-19-12. Relative length of digits (measurements in mm in parentheses): right manus I (1.83) <II (2.68) <V (3.16) <III (4.24) <IV (4.7); right pes I (2.84) <II (3.34) <III (4.22) <V (4.54) <IV (5.92).</p> <p>Rostral wider (1.9 mm) than high (1.1 mm), situated between supranasals dorsally and in contact with first supralabials and nasals. Paired supranasals roughly triangular, in contact medially, touching the nasal laterally and first pair of postnasals posteriolaterally. A pair of almost equal sized frontonasals, roughly pentagonal, strongly in contact with supranasals and post nasals anteriorly; anterior loreal laterally and prefrontals posteriorly.</p> <p>A pair of roughly pentagonal prefrontals, not in contact with each other, a small lanceolate shaped scale wedged between the prefrontals; touching the frontonasal anteriorly, and the anterior and posterior loreals laterally; posteriorly in strong contact with first anterior supraocular and frontal.</p> <p>Frontal lanceolate, elongate (3.6 mm), broader anteriorly; feebly touching the scale separating prefrontals, in strong contact with prefrontals anteriorly, laterally touching first, second and third supraoculars, and posteriorly in strong contact with frontoparietals. A pair of frontoparietals, roughly pentagonal, in contact with each other medially, anteriorly in strong contact with frontal, laterally touches third and fourth supraoculars, posteriolaterally touching parietals, posteriorly interparietal. Interparietal single, roughly pentagonal, posterior margins curved, with distinct pineal eye, anteriorly in strong contact with frontoparietals, laterally touching parietals and occipital posteriorly. A pair of parietals, roughly hexagonal, longer (2.3 mm) than wide (1.5 mm), separated from each other by interparietal, anteriorly in strong contact with fourth supraocular and frontoparietal on both sides, laterally touching two supratemporals on both sides, posteriorly in contact with six small dorsal scales on both sides. Occipital roughly pentagonal, broader than wide, laterally in contact with parietals and anteriorly with interparietal. Four supraoculars, the first and fourth smallest, separated from supraciliaries by a single row of 8 supraciliary granules on both sides.</p> <p>Nostril elliptical, situated on contact line between nasal and supranasal. Postnasals smaller than the anterior loreal. Two loreals, anterior roughly rectangular and about the size of the first supralabial, bordered by posterior loreal, prefrontal, frontonasal, postnasal, nasal, and the first and second supralabials; posterior loreal much larger than anterior, becoming broader posteriorly, bordered by preoculars, the first supraciliary, prefrontal, anterior loreal, and the second and third supralabials. Preocular similar in size to anterior loreal, roughly rectangular. Eight supralabials, the fifth being largest and forming the lower border of the eye, gradually decreasing in size in either direction. Three moderately enlarged postoculars. Two supratemporals on each side, the anterior ones are largest. Temporal scales as large as or slightly bigger than postoculars, rough, unicarinate or bi or tricarinate, subimbricate, arranged in three to five rows.</p> <p>Seven infralabials on either side. Mental large, longer (2.7 mm) than wide (2.2 mm), in strong contact with the first infralabial and first pair of chin shields. Five chin shields on either side, the third being largest, gradually decreasing in size in either direction, two anterior chin shields strongly in contact with each other medially, posterior three separated from each other by gular scales. 15 gular scales between symphysis of chin shields and ventral plates.</p> <p>Dorsal pholidosis heterogeneous in shape, size, orientation and carination; composed of smaller, strongly pointed, keeled, imbricate scales throughout, 30 scales in a transverse row across midbody; 49 scales in longitudinal, vertebral series; scales on dorsal aspect strongly keeled, directed backwards, those on flanks, directed backwards and upwards, lowermost rows largest and smooth, others are feebly keeled; scales on the neck smaller, gradually increasing in size posteriorly and laterally. Ventral plates, heterogeneous, arranged in six transverse rows on belly, midventral series with 23 scales in a longitudinal series; gular scales smaller gradually increasing in size towards the collar, elongate, subimbricate, those on neck as large as or slightly smaller than gular scales, weakly pointed and imbricate; scales on pectoral region larger than those on neck, strongly imbricate; those on belly much enlarged, subimbricate, rectangular, except single outermost row on either side cycloid. Indistinct collar, vaguely defined by a fold of skin with granular scales on shoulders and three larger cycloid imbricate scales ventrally. Preanal scale large, roughly hexagonal, smooth, anteriorly bordered by five sub-equal scales and surrounded by another row of 13 cycloid, imbricate scales of variable size, those on posterior aspect smallest. Femoral pores 9 on either side, medially interrupted by three poreless scales.</p> <p>Scales on the fore limbs heterogeneous in shape and size, those on the palmar and plantar faces slightly smaller than or equal to the associated lamellae, imbricate, strongly keeled. Scales on dorsal surface of upper arm much larger than those on body dorsum, weakly pointed, strongly imbricate, smooth, except those on elbow, which are keeled. Ventral surface of upper arm with smaller, smooth, subimbricate scales. Scales on forearms similar to those on upper arms, three rows on anterior surface larger and smooth, of which single median row much enlarged, subimbricate and almost rhombus shaped; scales on ventral surface of forearms smaller, imbricate and keeled; a column of 3–4 enlarged scale bordering the palm on ventral surface circular, imbricate and having serrated edges.</p> <p>Scales on hind limbs heterogeneous in shape and size, posterior surface of the thigh with much smaller, granular scales, becoming enlarged, pointed, strongly keeled, imbricate towards anterior surface, ventral surface of thigh covered with two rows of much enlarged, smooth, strongly imbricate scales, with anterior most single row largest and rhombus shaped; scales on dorsal surface of shank like those on forearm, ventral aspect of shank covered with two rows of much enlarged, imbricate, smooth scales, of which the median row is largest and roughly hexagonal, posterior most 2–3 scales are bi- or tricarinate.</p> <p>Scales on the dorsal and lateral aspect of the tail arranged in regular whorls, cycloid at the base, becoming gradually elongated distally, strongly keeled, imbricate and pointed. 14 scales in the 10th whorl behind the vent. Ventral aspect of the tail with strongly imbricate scales, strongly pointed and keeled; ventral scales near the base of the tail smooth, gradually becoming keeled towards tip of the tail.</p> <p> <b>Coloration in alcohol.</b> Dorsal ground colour olive brown, without any dorso-lateral stripe, a just discernible ventrolateral stripe that runs from the shoulder, just above the forearm insertion and terminating at groin. Flanks below ventrolateral stripe with marbled lighter and darker markings, some enlarged scales with blueish tint. Forelimbs olive brown with scattered, irregular lighter and darker spotting with a black patch on shoulder, hindlimbs with thick dark reticulations outlining lighter ocelli on the postaxial surface of hindlimbs. Head dorsum suffused with scattered, indistinct black markings, first four supralabials olive brown and remaining supralabials mottled white, with black blotches, temporal region with some darker markings, iris bluish black. Venter white with mottled black markings, especially on the third to sixth infralabials. Tail colour similar to dorsum, fading to mottled white on the venter.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and habitat.</b> <i>Ophisops agarwali</i> sp. nov. is diurnal, and was seen active at noon, searching for food. The specimen was collected along with other squamates including Beddome’s snake- eyed lizard (<i>Ophisops beddomei</i>), bronze grass skink (<i>Eutropis macularia</i> (Schneider, 1801)) and spiny-headed fanthroated lizard (<i>Sitana spinaecephalus</i> Deepak, Vyas & Giri, 2016) from open grass patch of the plateau (elevation ~ 650 m asl) near Bhuvero village, Dahod District, Gujarat. The plateau is covered with grass, shrubs and large deciduous trees, that includes, Timru / Tendu (<i>Diospyros melanoxylon</i>), Charoli (<i>Buchanania lanzan</i>), Sadad (<i>Terminalia crenulate</i>), Mahudo (<i>Madhuca indica</i>), Teak (<i>Tectona grandis</i>) with scattered Bamboo Clube (<i>Bambusa arundinacea</i> / <i>Dendrocalamus strictus</i>), the periphery of the plateau has large boulders. The north-western side of the plateau is part of the Ratanmahal Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat and the south-east extern side of the plateau is part of Kattiwada, Madhya Pradesh. These entire forest tracks are part of the western Vindhya (also known as Vindhyachal) Mountain Range and known as the Malwa Hills. The Ratanmahal forest region falls in the tropical dry deciduous forest and further classified into four sub-types, i.e. 5A/C lb teak forest; 5A/C 2 southern dry mixed deciduous forest; 5/E 9 dry bamboo brakes; and 3B/C 2 southern moist mixed deciduous forest (Champion & Seth 1968).</p>Published as part of <i>Patel, Harshil & Vyas, Raju, 2020, Lost before being recognized? A new species of the genus Ophisops (Squamata: Lacertidae) from Gujarat, India, pp. 31-44 in Ecologica Montenegrina 35</i> on pages 34-40, DOI: 10.37828/em.2020.35.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8044049">http://zenodo.org/record/8044049</a>
The Rhetoric of Krishna versus the Counter-Rhetoric of Vyas: The Place of Commiseration in the Mahabharat
No full textIn the context of the mixed perception among scholars whether the Mahabharat is a pacifist or a militant text, this paper analyzes the rhetorical project of the epic to examine its position on violence. Highlighting the existence of two main arguments in the Mahabharat, this paper argues that the author has crafted a grand rhetorical project to question the dominant war ideology of the time that Krishna presents as the divine necessity. Historically, the emergence of Krishna—one of the major characters of the epic—as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu in Hindu tradition and the extraction and elevation of the Bhagavad Gita from the epic as an independent text have undermined the complexity of Vyas’ rhetoric. This paper places Krishna’s argument within the broad rhetorical scheme of the epic and demonstrates how Vyas has represented Krishna’s rhetoric of ‘just war’ only to illustrate its pitfalls. By directing his narrative lens to the devastating consequences of the war in the later parts of the epic, Vyas problematizes Krishna’s insistence on the need to suppress human emotions to attain a higher cognitive and ontological condition. What emerges is the difference between how Vyas and Krishna view the status of feeling: the scientist Krishna thinks that human emotions and individual lives are trivial, incidental instances in the cosmic game—something not worthy of a warrior’s concern; Vyas’ rhetoric, this paper argues, restores the significance of ordinary human emotions. It is a war—not human life and feeling—that arises as a futile enterprise in Vyas’ rhetoric
Parallel session 2b : Institutional management
No full textPresented Titles: An Exploration on the Overseas High-Level Talents Policy in China\u27s Double First-Class Universities in the Post-Epidemic Era [Author: Mian Lin] What Are the Challenges of the Mainland China Universities Encounter in Support of Psychological Adjustment of International Students Under the COVID-19? — a Preliminary Review of Controversial “Buddy Programme” [Author: Zeyu Kang] Effectiveness and Challenges in Engineering Education During COVID-19: A Case Study of Hong Kong [Authors: Anand Vyas; Chun-wah Leung; Wai-on Wong
Novel Logic Synthesis Techniques for Asymmetric Logic Functions Based on Spintronic and Memristive Devices
No full textThe development of beyond-CMOS technologies with alternative basis logic functions necessitates the introduction of novel design automation techniques. In particular, recently proposed computing systems based on memristors and bilayer avalanche spin-diodes both provide asymmetric logic functions as basis logic gates - the implication and inverted-input AND, respectively.
There has been a considerable amount of work done in the field of logic synthesis using alternative logic sets, especially stateful memristive implication logic. However, most of the previous works rely on the mapping of these alternative logic functions on to standard ones like NAND, NOR, AND, and OR gates respectively.
This work points out the possible overheads of such an approach, and the advantages of using asymmetric logic functions to directly implement circuits, which calls for suitable synthesis and optimization techniques, tailored specifically to asymmetric logic functions. Such techniques are rooted in the enablement of Boolean reduction methods without any translation to standard logic operators. This is made possible by the proposed set of Boolean identities and principles, and a modified Karnaugh mapping method that can be directly applied to systems with asymmetric logic functions as the basic logic sets.
A comparative study is presented, which highlights the statistical improvements over previously proposed approaches in terms of the total number of devices used to implement a standard function. Finally, a basic algorithm for the automated optimization of asymmetric functions is proposed, providing the groundwork for advanced design automation techniques for emerging device technologies
Manufacturing of glass-fiber-reinforced dicyclopentadiene-matrix composites via frontal polymerization
No full textThe student, Sagar Ketan Vyas, accepted the attached license on 2020-03-05 at 10:28.A homogenized reaction-diffusion model is used to study the mechanism of frontal polymerization in glass-fiber-reinforced dicyclopentadiene-matrix composites by studying the effects of the material properties of the reinforcing phase on the velocity, temperature, and width of the reaction front. This model is also nondimensionalized and expressed in a general form in terms of two nondimensional parameters dependent on the material properties and cure kinetics of the composite system. The general nature of this formulation is exploited to generate a large dataset of reaction front velocities for resin chemistries that are similar to dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), which serves as the reference resin in this work. Finally, the homogenized reaction-diffusion model is used to investigate the temperature spike that occurs when two reaction fronts merge. A method to estimate the energy associated with the thermal spike is developed and applied to size a metal heat sink introduced to eliminate the thermal spike.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2022-05-01The student, Sagar Ketan Vyas, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2020-03-05 at 11:12.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2020-03-09 at 16:11.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14886 on 2020-08-25 at 17:26:55Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-26T23:51:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Open distance learning for sustainable development in India
No full textOpen and distance learning (ODL) is considered a significant medium for sustainable development in the information age of advanced learning. India, which is considered as the case study for this article, is facing the challenges of knowledge and information upgrading. In order to meet the demands of globalisation for sustainable development, in 1985 the Government of India established the Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) by an Act of Parliament at national level. The aim of this article is to establish a coalition between ODL and sustainable development for the social, economic, vocational and educational strengthening of communities. The article explores the implementation of ODL methodologies that are utilised to empower the rural masses and functionaries in rural India. The author acknowledges that education and training in a non-formal setting can be significant in providing development at grass-root levels; and that ODL methodologies may have the potential to meet the requirements of education for sustainable development (ESD). The article, holistically, suggests the futuristic model(s) of distance training as a transformed form of capacity building. There is a need for a developmental model of education that provides for quality education, and offers the possibility of sustainable development to learners, job seekers and society as a whole.http://millennium.nwu.ac.za/search~S4?/sProgressio/sprogressio/1%2C2%2C2%2CB/c8561230868&FF=sprogressio+online&1%2C1%2C%2C1%2C
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