1,720,963 research outputs found
From cestodes to nematodes: 15 years of scientific collaboration between the Parasitological Institute SAS and the Section of Parasitology of the Sapienza University of Rome
No full textThe Parasitological Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences and the Section of Parasitology (formerly Institute of Parasitology) of the Department of Public Health Sciences of the Sapienza University of Rome have had a long term collaboration within several projects, starting with the first visiting fellowships in 1992 in Rome. Since then, the collaboration between the two institutions has continuously developed and has been focused mainly on the systematics of cestodes, starting in particular with the studies on the genetic polymorphism of fish Proteocephalus tapeworms in different host populations examined by enzyme electrophoresis. Some molecular studies have been later carried out on Eubothrium spp. and Echinococcus multilocularis, and most of our joint interest has been focused on Echinococcus granulosus and more recently, on Ascaris nematodes. The major achievements obtained during these years of collaboration are herein reported. © 2007 Parasitological Institute of SAS, Košice
Genetic variability and phylogeography in Ascaris spp. using nuclear and mitochondrial markers
No full textMolecular evidence for the presence of a G7 genotype of Echinococcus granulosus in Slovakia
No full textVariability in Echinococcus granulosus is very important epidemiologically since strain characteristics may influence local patterns of transmission of hydatid disease. To classify the genotype presented in pig protoscoleces of the Slovak territory, a DNA-based approach has been used. Nucleotide sequences for a 471 bp region of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) gene revealed a substantial affinity of isolates examined to the G7 genotype. Only a 0.9-3.4% sequence variation was recorded for E. granulosus samples compared with the reference G7 variant. To distinguish between G7 and G9 genotypes not differing in ND1 sequences, isolates were additionally examined by PCR-RFLP analysis of the nuclear ITS1 region. The resulting two-banded pattern is characteristic for the G7 strain. The data presented thus provides the first explicit evidence of the G7 genotype in the Slovak region
Genetic Structure of Ascaris Roundworm in Japan and Patterns of Its Geographical Variation
No full textAscaris roundworm isolates from Japan and central Europe were examined by sequencing analyses to better understand geographically induced nucleotide variation and genotype distribution according to host. Three well-supported clusters (denoted as A, B, C) were identified by generating cox1 sequences of mtDNA from these regions. Among 5 pig isolates collected in eastern Honshu, Japan, in 2010, 3 carried DNA characteristics for cluster A and 2 corresponded with the characteristics of cluster B. The sequence of the human isolate JH1 from north-central Honshu, fixed in formalin since 1972, conformed to the characteristics of cluster A. Differential analysis of ribosomal ITS1 region revealed the JH1 isolate sequence profile of Ascaris lumbricoides. Cluster C, which was the most distinguish cluster, was formed by reference Slovak isolates and has been so far found almost exclusively in European pigs. A fluctuating prevailing distribution of A and B lineages in human and pig hosts in different territories of the world and the global distribution of several haplotypes indicate their establishment before secondary differentiation in a given region due to host affiliation. The protocol established for DNA isolation from formalin-fixed specimens using the modified procedure with the Qiagen extraction set can be used as a tool for retrospective studies in ascarid helminths when only archival specimens are available
Genetic variation within and between G1 and G3 genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus in Italy revealed by multilocus DNA sequencing
No full textNumerous studies have provided evidence that Echinococcus granulosus exists as a complex of different strains, that differ in a wide variety of criteria that have an impact on the epidemiology, pathology and control of cystic hydatid disease (CHD) and, to date, 10 distinct genotypes (G1-G10) have been identified. In Italy, sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cox1 and nad1 genes showed the occurrence of the G1 genotype, the common sheep strain, the G3 genotype, the buffalo strain and of one isolate identified as G2 genotype, the Tasmanian sheep strain. In the present work, we have analysed E. granulosus strains in Italy, by genotyping a large sample of isolates and by checking out the genetic differentiation within and among the G1 and G3 genotypes using an additional mitochondrial gene as marker, the rrnS gene. Sequencing of the rrnS gene revealed a significant genetic differentiation between isolates identified as belonging to the G1 and G3 genotypes, with fixed nucleotide substitutions. This study provides further evidence of the occurrence of the E. granulosus G3 buffalo strain in Italy, a strain previously thought to be confined to the Indian region. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Genetic variability at adaptive and neutral markers in the endangered tatric chamois subspecies R. r. tatrica
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