1,720,974 research outputs found
The Behavioral Foundations of Retaliatory Justice
No full textnegative reciprocity, retaliation, revenge, vindictiveness,
Revenge and retaliation
No full textThis paper considers the role of retaliation norms as a way to induce more socially desirable behavior among self-interested parties. The paper first considers the unregulated case in which individuals indulge in mutual aggression, in the absence of other legal or social constraints. Next the relationship between aggressors and their victims is investigated, concentrating on the effect of victim\u27s propensity to retaliate when suffering harm from others. Two retaliatory regimes are examined: proportional retribution and fixed retaliation. Special attention is paid to the impact of these regimes on the parties\u27 interaction. The results suggest that human instincts for revenge may indeed be as important as honesty for the evolution of cooperation. More generally, retaliation norms are an important ingredient for the evolution of desirable social behavior in the absence of other social constraints or legal intervention
Копия лермонтовского ” Демона” в альбоме Б.А. фон Роткирха | M. Lermontovo “Demono” kopija V. fon Rotkircho albume
No full textStraipsnyje aptariamas M. Lermontovo poemos “Demonas” paplitimas rankraštinėse kopijose iki jos publikacijos 1856 m. Vokietijoje. Albumas su tokia kopija saugomas Vilniaus universiteto MB Rankraščių skyriuje. Jo savininkas Vilniaus žandarmerijos valdybos viršininkas generolas V. fon Rotkirchas, jaunystėje 1844 m. išleidęs eilių rinkinėlį (ten buvo ir A. Mickevičiaus “Vėlinių” IV dalies vertimas), į savo albumą be “Demono” buvo persirašęs ir daug kitų cenzūros uždraustų eilėraščių. Kaip ir kitose poemos kopijose vilnietiškajame albume mechaniškai sujungti įvairių “Demono” redakcijų tekstai. Labiausiai ji artima žurnalo “Otečestvennyje zapiski” 1842 m. korektūros lapams, kuriame cenzūros sumetimais poema taip ir neišvydo dienos šviesos. Jau šio žurnalo redaktoriai, ruošdami kūrinį spaudai bei turėdami po ranka ir anksteniąsias poemos redakcijas, vadovavosi kontaminacijos principu. Betgi V. fon Rotkircho nuoraše aptinkami ir kitų poemos kopijų variantai bei niekur kitur nesutinkami teksto pakeitimai
Litigation, Judicial Path-Dependence, and Legal Change
No full textremedies, litigation, rule of precedent, jurisprudence constante , legal evolution, judicial path-dependence,
Optimal Remedies for Bilateral Contracts
Get PDFIn several contract situations, parties exchange promises of future performance, creating reciprocal obligations. In this paper, we extend the standard models of contract remedies to consider the incentives created by contracts where both parties provide only executory consideration and where the parties’ obligations are yet to be performed. We show that the legal remedies that govern these contracts provide valuable enforcement mechanisms that are not available when parties enter into a contract in which they exchange a promise for an actual performance. We show that when the values of the parties’ performances are interdependent, contracts with executory consideration create effort incentives that are superior to the incentives of contracts with executed consideration. In contracts with independent values, contracts with executory consideration also offer a valuable instrument to correct enforcement imperfections. Such imperfections include imperfect compensation and litigation costs.
The Value of Waiting in Lawmaking
No full textlegislation, regulation, optimal timing, legal innovation,
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